Malachite

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EXPERIMENT

Preparation of pigment

OBJECTIVE- The objective of this experiment is to prepare a pigment of Synthetic Malachite.

INTRODUCTION- All paint contains pigment, which provide colour, the m

Medium, which suspends the pigments and bind them to the surface of the object to be painted
and diluent to make the paint spreadable. Up until 1800’s when synthetic pigments became
available, many pigments were made from natural minerals or from corrosion of metals. Malachite
was produced by grinding an ore of copper.

Malachite

Malachite, copper( || )carbonate hydroxide, CuCO3Cu(OH)2, occurs with copper ore deposits in
many parts of the world. The rich intensity green coloured malachite in gemstone used in small
carvings, ornamental jewellery and beads. Malachite paint has been found in paintings from 9th
and 10th centuries in the western China and during the Renaissance in Europe.

Technically malachite is a “secondary” mineral which means that it is created by a chemical


reaction between minerals that have already formed. For instance, when solutions containing
dissolved copper minerals interact with carbonate rocks, malachite may form. In fact, a reaction
such as this is used to make malachite in the laboratory by reacting hydrated copper sulphate
(root killer) with sodium carbonate(washing soda).

2CuSO4.5H2O+2NaHCO3

CuCO3Cu(OH)2 + 2Na2SO4 + CO2 + 4H2O+ H2

The greenish- blue copper( || ) carbonate hydroxide can be isolated, dried, and then ground to
make pigment.

SAFETY

Wear safety glasses and gloves throughout this experiment. Copper sulphate stains the skin.

PROCEDURE-

1. Measure out 5ml of a 0.5 M solution of copper sulphate ( CuSO4.5H2O) into a small beaker.

2. Add about 3.0 g of solid sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), a little at a time with stirring, until all
the zzing has stopped and the reaction is complete.

3. Filter the precipitate of basic copper carbonate (CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 that has formed.

4. Allow the pigment to dry uncovered on the lter paper on your bench until next week.

PRECAUTIONS-

1. Follow the dress code.

2. Maintain personal hygiene.

3. Take responsibility for your personal safety.

4. Maintain a clean workspace.

5. Report accidents if they occur.

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