Drug Study Pre Anesthetic

DRUG STUDY
1. Generic Name: tranexamic acid
Brand Name: Lysteda, Xanfib, Cyklokapron
Chemical/Therapeutic Classification: Antifibrinolytics, Hemostatic agents
Indication: Reduction of intraoperative bleeding and transfusion requirements in a surgery

without an increased risk of thromboembolic complications
Contraindications: Active thromboembolic disease; history or intrinsic risk of thrombosis or

thromboembolism, including retinal vein or artery occlusion; hypersensitivity to tranexamic acid
or its components; use of combination hormonal contraception
Dosage: 1 g IVTT (pre-anesthetic med)
Mechanism of action: Displaces plasminogen from surface of fibrin by binding to high-affinity

lysine site of plasminogen. This diminishes dissolution of hemostatic fibrin, which decreases
bleeding.
Side Effects: Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, mild itching
Adverse Effects: Hives, difficulty breathing, problems with vision, seizure, blood in urine,
wheezing, edema, lightheadedness, slurred speech, balance problem, chest pain, hemoptysis
Nursing Responsibilities: Monitor blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory status as indicated by
severity of bleeding. Monitor for overt bleeding every 15–30 min. Monitor neurologic status
(pupils, level of consciousness, motor activity) in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Assess
for thromboembolic complications. (especially in patients with history). Notify physician of
positive Homans’ sign, leg pain hemorrhage, edema, hemoptysis, dyspnea, or chest pain. Monitor
platelet count and clotting factors prior to and periodically throughout therapy in patients with
systemic fibrinolysis. Stabilize IV catheter to minimize thrombophlebitis. Monitor IV site closely.
2. Generic Name: cefuroxime
Brand Name: Zinacef, Profurex, Zoltax
Chemical/Therapeutic Classification: Cephalosporin (2nd generation), Anti-infective

Indication: for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent staphylococcal surgical site
infections; and to prevent and treat bacterial infections after surgery
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin or related antibiotics; seizures
Dosage: 1.5 g IVTT (pre-anesthetic med), 750 mg IVTT (post-operative med)
Mechanism of action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, renders cell wall osmotically unstable,
leads to cell death by binding to cell wall membrane
Side Effects: Dizziness, headache, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, weight loss, rash, urticaria,
dermatitis
Adverse Effects: Seizures, clostridium defficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, Steven-Johnson
syndrome, IV site reactions, anaphylaxis, serum sickness, superinfection
Nursing Responsibilities: Assess and monitor intake and output of the patient. Assess any signs of
CDAD, anaphylaxis, bleeding, and overgrowth of infection. Have vitamin K available in case
hypoprothrombinemia occurs. Discontinue if hypersensitivity reaction occurs. Educate patient to
avoid alcohol while taking this drug and for 3 days after because severe reactions often occur.
Educate patients about side effects and report any cases of severe diarrhea, difficulty breathing,
unusual tiredness or fatigue, pain at injections site.
3. Generic Name: ranitidine
Brand Name: Zantac, Ranipen, Raxidine
Chemical/Therapeutic Classification: H2-Histamine receptor antagonist

Indication: decreases gastric acid secretion and may decrease gastric volume.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dosage: 1amp IVTT (pre-anesthetic med)
Mechanism of action: Inhibits histamine at H2-receptor site in parietal cells, which inhibits
gastric acid secretion
Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, confusion, agitation, depression, blurred vision, constipation,
abdominal pain, diarrhea, Nausea and Vomiting
Adverse Effects: Hepatotoxicity, anaphylaxis, angioedema, burning at injection site
Nursing Responsibilities: Assess GI complaints; nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, cramps,
abdominal discomfort, jaundice; report immediately. Assess I&O ratio. Evaluate therapeutic
response; decrease abdominal pain, absence of gastroesophageal reflux. Teach patient/family to
report immediately coffee-ground emesis, black tarry stools, abdominal pain, cramping

Drug Study Pre Anesthetic

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Drug Study Pre Anesthetic

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Drug Study Pre Anesthetic

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DRUG STUDY

1. Generic Name: tranexamic acid

Brand Name: Lysteda, Xanfib, Cyklokapron

Chemical/Therapeutic Classification: Antifibrinolytics, Hemostatic agents

Indication: Reduction of intraoperative bleeding and transfusion requirements in a surgery

Contraindications: Active thromboembolic disease; history or intrinsic risk of thrombosis or

Dosage: 1 g IVTT (pre-anesthetic med)

Mechanism of action: Displaces plasminogen from surface of fibrin by binding to high-affinity

Side Effects: Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, mild itching

2. Generic Name: cefuroxime

Brand Name: Zinacef, Profurex, Zoltax

Chemical/Therapeutic Classification: Cephalosporin (2nd generation), Anti-infective

3. Generic Name: ranitidine

Brand Name: Zantac, Ranipen, Raxidine

Chemical/Therapeutic Classification: H2-Histamine receptor antagonist

You might also like