Module 3 Review Questions

1.
According to Marc-Antoine Laugier, the three fundamental components of architecture are:

a. Post, Lintel, Wall
b. Column, Door, Roof
c. Column, Entablature, Pediment
d. Foundation, Column, Pediment
Answer: C
Source: Laugier, “Essay on Architecture” - “all splendors of architecture ever conceived have
been modeled on the little rustic hut I have just described. It is by approaching the simplicity of
this first model that fundamental mistakes are avoided and true perfection is achieved. The
pieces of wood set upright have given us the idea of the column, the pieces placed horizontally
on top of them the idea of the entablature, the inclining pieces forming the roof the idea of the
pediment. This is what all masters of art have recognized.
2. When considering the site and orientation of the Saltwork factory, two of Ledoux’s primary
considerations were:
a. Direction of prevailing winds; orientation of the Sun
b. Direction of Sun; proximity to forest
c. Direction of prevailing winds; proximity to water
d. Direction of prevailing winds; proximity to forest
Answer: D
Source: Anthony Vidler, “The Architecture of production” – Ledoux…suggested building a factory

close to the Forest of Chaux to which the overspill water of Salins might be piped through an
aqueduct; as he wrote, “it was easier to make the water travel than to carry a forest piece by
piece.”
“The first laws are those of nature…those that ensure the health of the inhabitants and
determine their well-being on a preferred site. These first laws command the winds.”
3. Etienne-Louis Boullee, a french Neo-Classist designed a cenotaph comprised of a hollow 500

foot sphere, perforated with holes to resembling the stars of the heavens and encompassing a
giant suspended lamp representing the sun, was a tribute to which renowned scientist of the
Enlightenment?
a. Galileo
b. Isaac Newton
c. Rene Descartes
d. Emilie de Chatelet
Answer: B
4. The Palace of Versailles, with its emence scale and luxuriousness, distance from Paris, and
housing of the aristocracy are all manners in which is embodied the governing principle of:
a. Absolutism
b. Despotism
c. Dictatorship
d. Tyranny
Answer: A
Source: James-Chakaraborty, “Northern Baroque” - Versailles was the largest and most splendid
palace ever erected in Europe. It was both the instrument and the representation of Louis’s
authority as the absolute monarch of Europe’s wealthiest and most powerful state.
Versailles’s distance from Paris enhanced Louis’s ability to control both the place and the people
who inhabited it. This included almost the entire French aristocracy. He held them virtually
hostage at court, forcing them to live within the palace itself rather than on their individual
estates.
5. The primary function of the Baroque in France was:

a. Propaganda for the Catholic Counter-Reformation
b. The glorification of the Monarchy
c. The exposition of scientific experimentation
d. to highlight function or splendor
Answer: B
Textbook: French official patronage of the period was more than ever centered on the royal
court, and the propaganda of the Catholic counter-Reformation was not an important issue. The
official court style glorified the monarch, and the primary function of the state-run artistic
establishment was to provide splendid settings, furnishings, and objects for the display of royal
power.
6. To accommodate the additional aristocracy at Versailles, King Louis added flanks of enfilades
around the central courtyard which are:
a. Display halls exemplify the status and power of the royal court through opulent
exhibitions of art.
b. Grand dining halls for hosting courtly rituals.
c. An alignment of all of the doorways in a series of rooms to create a vista
d. Raises balconies surrounding a courtyard for observing courtly rituals.
Answer: C
Oxford Dictionary of Architecture: “ Baroque alignment of all the doorways (usually sited near
the window-walls) in a series or suite of rooms so as to create a vista when the doors were
open, as in a palace. It avoided corridors, privacy provided by the hangings around a bed.
BONUS!!
7. Professor Watson derives his power and authority from:

a. His well-kempt and finely coiffed hair
b. His thick and illustrious mustache
c. His hand curated, professional granola attire.
d. His superior intellect and articulate oratory skills
Answer: B
Source: Nick

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1.

According to Marc-Antoine Laugier, the three fundamental components of architecture are:

Source: Anthony Vidler, “The Architecture of production” – Ledoux…suggested building a factory

3. Etienne-Louis Boullee, a french Neo-Classist designed a cenotaph comprised of a hollow 500

5. The primary function of the Baroque in France was:

7. Professor Watson derives his power and authority from:

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