CSEC CHEMISTRY LABS

2021/3

Candidate Name : ________________________________

Institution : St Jago High School ______________
Centre Number : ________________________________
Candidate number : _
Teacher : ____________ _
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Table of Contents
Experiment MM ORR AI PD Page
(10) (10) (10) (10)
1 Preparation of copper(II) sulphate
2 Indicators
3 Reactions of acids
4 Quantitative Analysis I
5 PD
6 PD
7 Heat of solution
8 Rate of reaction
9 Redox reaction
10 PD
11 Implementation
12 Hydrocarbons
13
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Experiment 1
Title : Preparation of salts
Skills Assessed : MM and AI
Aim : To prepare a soluble sample of copper (II) s
sulphate pentahydrate from copper (II)
oxide and sulphuric acid
Apparatus : filter paper, filter funnel, wire gauze, tripod
stand, bunsen burner, glass rod, 2 50
mL beakers, crucible
Materials : 2M sulphuric acid, copper (II) oxide and water
Method :
1. Set up the tripod stand and bunsen burner.
2. Measure 10 cm3 of sulfuric acid using a measuring cylinder
and place in a 50 mLbeaker.
3. While heating, add the copper (II) oxide until in excess
4. Filter the resulting mixture into a crucible and place the filtrate
over heat to concentrate it.
5. Allow to cool for about 10 mins then place into an ice bath(or cold
water bath) for 15minutes.
6. Filter the cooled mixture.
7. Rinse the residue with a little distilled water then place the crystals
between 2 sheets of filter paper and allow to dry
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Result :

Questions :
1. Write a balanced equation for the reaction between copper(II)
oxide and sulphuric acid.

2. Write the complete formula of the hydrated copper (II) sulphate

crydtals.

3. Why was the copper (II) oxide added in excess?

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Experiment 2
Title : INDICATORS
Aim : To observe the actions of indicators
Apparatus : Test tubes , hydrochloric acid , sodium hydroxide ,
water , sodium carbonate,ethanoic acid solution ,
phenolphthalein , methyl orange , bromocresol green ,
methyl red
Visit : VIRTUAL LAB: Default Virtual Lab Stockroom
Link : Default Virtual Lab Stockroom (chemcollective.org)

Mrthod :
1. Into four separate test tubes (beakers), add 5 ml of hydrochloric
acid .
2. Add theseparate indicators to each of the test tube in step 1. Note
any observation(s).
3. Repeat steps 1 nad 2 for the remaining acids.
Observations : ( record in a suitable table )
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Experiment 3
TITLE : REACTION OF ACIDS (Face to Face)
Skill Assessed : ORR
Aim : To observe the reactions of acids .
Apparatus : test tubes , dilute sulphuric acid , dilute
hydrochloric acid , dilute nitric acid,
sodium carbonate powder, zinc metal ,
magnesium ribbon , blue and red litmus paper,
copper fillings, concentrated sulphuric acid,
calcium hydroxide solution
Procedure and Results
Table of Results for dilute sulphuric acid
Test Observation Inference
1. Acid added to blue 1. 1.
and red litmus
papers
2. Acid added to 2. 2.
Sodium Carbonate
3. Gas evolved 3. 3.
bubbled into
calcium hydroxide
solution
1. Acid added to zinc 1. 1.
metal granule
2. Gas evolved tested 2. 2.
with a lit splint
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1. Acid added to 1. 1.
copper metal
fillings

2. Above mixture is 2. 2.
heated

Table of Results for dilute hydrochloric acid

Test Observation Inference
1. Acid added to blue 1. 1.
and red litmus
papers
2. Acid added to 2. 2.
Sodium Carbonate
3. Gas evolved 3. 3.
bubbled into
calcium hydroxide
solution
1. Acid added to zinc 1. 1.
metal granule
2. Gas evolved tested 2. 2.
with a lit splint

1. Acid added to 1. 1.
copper metal
fillings
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2. Above mixture is 2. 2.
heated

Table of Results for dilute nitric acid

Test Observation Inference
1. Acid added to blue 1. 1.
and red litmus
papers
2. Acid added to 2. 2.
Sodium Carbonate
3. Gas evolved 3. 3.
bubbled into
calcium hydroxide
solution
1. Acid added to zinc 1. 1.
metal granule
2. Gas evolved tested 2. 2.
with a lit splint

1. Acid added to 1. 1.
copper metal
fillings

2. Above mixture is 2. 2.
heated
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Experiment 4
Title : Quantitative Analysis I
Skill Assessed : Analysis and Interpretation
Aim : To determine the concentration of an acid
Apparatus : burette , pipette , conical flasks , funnel ,
hydrochloric acid, 0.1 M sodium hydroxide
solution , screened methyl orange

Method : You are provided with a known concentration of

sodium hydroxide solution and a solution of hydrochloric acid .
Determine by titration the molar concentration of the acid . Add 20ml of
0.1M sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker or conical flask and add a
few drops of the indicator . Add acid to the burette to an appropriate
mark . Add acid to the flask while swirling until you obtain an instant
colourless solution with phenolphthalein. Repeat for three titrations
minimum or until you obtain two readings that do not differ by more
than 0.1 ml . Record results in a suitable table.
Link for simulation of lab :
http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=73&brch=7&sim=109&cnt=4
Results :
Table of Titration Results
Burette reading I II III
Final /cm3
Initial/ cm3
Volume used/ cm3
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Data Analysis :
1. Calculate the average volume of acid used

2. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between the

acid and the alkali.

3. Calculate the number of moles of alkali used.

4. Using the mole ratio from the balanced equation, calculate the
moles of acid required to neutralize the alkali.

5. Calculate the concentration of the acid

Conclusion :
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Experiment 5
Title : Planning and Designing
Problem : Two customers at a supermarket argued over
which brand, Nupak or Geddes, vinegar contains
the higher acid content.
Hypothesis :

Aim :

Apparatus :

Procedure :

Variables :
Manipulated :
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Responding :
Controlled :

Data to be Collected :

Expected Results :

Source(s) of error :

Limitation(s) :
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Experiment 6
Title : Planning and Designing
Problem : The contents of two containers labeled calcium
carbonate and sodium carbonate were emptied
into two heaps. They both were white powders in
appearance. The technician forgot which heap
belongs to which container.
Hypothesis :

Aim :

Apparatus :

Procedure :
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Variables :
Manipulated :
Responding :
Controlled :

Data to be Collected :

Expected Results :

Source(s) of error :

Limitation(s) :
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Experiment 7
Title : Heat of Solution
Skill Assessed : Analysis and Interpretation
Aim : To determine the heat of solution of zinc
Sulphate
Apparatus : zinc sulphate, polystyrene cups, hermometer
100 mls measuring cylinder, distilled water
Procedure :
1. Using a measuring cylinder, place 100 mls of distilled water in the
polystyrene cup. After about 5 minutes, record the steady
temperature of the water. This is T1 °C
2. Add the solid zinc sulphate all at once to the water. Stir gently.
3. Record the temperature reached. Let this temperature, which is the
steady temperature reached after the addition of the solid zinc
sulphate be T2 °C.
Results :
Final Temperature, T2/0C
Initial Temperature, T1/0C
∆T/0C

Data Analysis :
1.
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1. Calculate:
a. the heat change associated with dissolving in grams of zinc
sulphate in water,

b. the number of moles of zinc sulphate used c. the heat change

associated with the dissolving of 1 mole of zinc sulphate in
water (4 marks)

2. Is the ΔT negative or positive?

(1 mark)
3. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?
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(1 mark)
4. Why was a Styrofoam cup used ?

(1 mark)
5. What errors and assumptions were there ?

(3 marks)
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Experiment 8
Title : Rate of Reaction
Skills Assessed : O/R/R and MM
Aim : To investigate the effect of concentration on the
rate of a chemical reaction
Apparatus : solution containing 16.0 g dm-3 sodium sulphate,
0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, stop clock,
measuring cylinder, three 250cm3 beaker,
distilled water, sheet of paper with a cross drawn
on it
Procedure :
1. Using a measuring cylinder, place 50cm3 of sodium thiosulphate
solution into the beaker.
2. Add 50cm3 of sulphuric acid to this solution, noting the time that
you do so.
3. Place the beaker over the cross and record the time it takes for the
cross to be no longer visible when viewed from above. Discard the
mixture and wash the beaker.
4. Repeat the procedure described in (c) using instead the
thisulphate/water mixtures as set out in the table below, noting in
each case the time taken for the cross to be completely obscured.
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Results :

Experiment Volume of Volume of Volume of Time/s 1/t/s-1

number acid/cm3 thiosulphate/ water/cm3
cm3

1 50 50 0

2 50 45 5

3 50 40 10

4 50 35 15

5 50 30 20

6 50 25 25

7 50 20 30

Data Analysis :
1. Plot a graph of volume of thiosulphate against time. Comment on
the general shape of the graph. (8 marks)
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2. Plot a second graph of volume of thiosulphate against 1/t.

Assuming that 1/t s a measure of the reaction rate.

3. How does the rate of reaction depend on the concentration of

sodium thiosulphate.

Conclusion :
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Experiment 9
Title : Redox Reactions
Aim : To determine the concentration of a solution of
potassium permanganate
Skills Assessed : AI and MM
Apparatus : burette , pipette , funnel , conical flasks , 25 ml
measuring cylinder , potassium permanganate
solution , iron (II) sulphate , sulphuric acid
Procedure :
1. Pipette 25 ml of 0.01 molar iron (II) sulphate solution in a conical
Flask.
2. And add 10 ml of 0.1 molar sulphuric acid . Mix thoroughly .
3. Titrate against a solution of potassium permanganate .
4. Swirl the flask continuously until a faint permanent pink colour
appears .
The equation for the reaction is as follows :
5 Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ ----------- > Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4 H2O
Results :
Burette Reading I II III
Final/ cm3
Initial / cm3
Titre / cm3
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Data Analysis :
1. Calculate the average titre used

2. Calculate the number of moles of iron(II) present in the pipetted

volume of the solution.

3. Using the mole ratio from the chemical equation, calculate the
moles of permanganate that reacted with the iron(II) ions

4. Calculate the concentration of the permanganate solution

5. State the substance

(a) that is reduced

(b) that is the reducing agent

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Conclusion :
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Experiment 10
Title : Planning and Designing
Problem : Red cabbage and grape juice is found to contain
pigments which was argued by students to give
them the ability to act as acid-base indicators
Hypothesis :

Aim :

Apparatus :

Procedure :

Variables :
Manipulated :
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Responding :
Controlled :

Data to be Collected :

Expected Results :

Source(s) of error :

Limitation(s) :
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Experiment 11
Title : Implementation
Aim :
Skill assessed : Analysis and Interpretation

Apparatus :

Procedure :

Results :
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Discussion :

Limitations :

Reflections :

Conclusion :
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Experiment 12
Title : Hydrocarbons – Alkanes and alkenes
Aim : To observe the properties of alkanes and
alkenes
Apparatus : test tubes , unknown A and B , aqueous bromine ,
matches, evaporating dish, white filter paper ,
acidified potassium permanganate, funnel,
measuring cylinder, tongs
Procedure and Observations :
You have two unknown substances, A and B.
Write a concise method reporting the steps outlined in the video
https://animoto.com/play/9K7Hh0VM1f8iatLTyQFaDg

Reagent Unknown A Unknowm B

Acidified potassium
permanganate
Aqueous bromine
Conclusion
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Questions :
1. Based on your observations, what is the identity of A and B, if the
compound has six carbons?

b) Write the formula and draw the displayed formula for A and B.
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Experiment 13
Title : Qualitative Analysis
Aim : To Identify unknown ions in a solution
Apparatus : Solution A, sodium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia,
silver nitrate, barium chloride, dilute hydrochloric
acid, sulphuric acid
Procedure and Observation :
Test Observation Inferences

1. Observe solution X.

Divide the solution into five equal

parts and perform tests 2-6.

2. Add sodium hydroxide to

solution X. Divide the solution in 2
and a) add sodium hydroxide in
excess

b) heat and test for any gas given

off

3. Add aqueous ammonia to

solution X. Add in excess

4. Add silver nitrate followed by

aqueous ammonia

5. Add barium chloride followed by

dilute hydrochloric acid

6. Add sulphuric acid to solution X.

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Question
List the ions in solution X.