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    Principle Steps in Sample Survey

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    Purani Swetha
    The document outlines the 11 principal steps in conducting a sample survey: 1) defining objectives, 2) identifying the population, 3) determining relevant data to collect, 4) specifying required precision, 5) choosing measurement methods, 6) defining the sampling frame, 7) selecting the sample size, 8) pre-testing questionnaires and methods, 9) organizing fieldwork, 10) summarizing and analyzing data, and 11) using prior information to improve future surveys. Conducting sample surveys requires careful planning at each step to ensure the collection of relevant and high-quality data to meet the defined objectives.

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    Principle Steps in Sample Survey

    Uploaded by

    Purani Swetha
    2K views3 pages
    The document outlines the 11 principal steps in conducting a sample survey: 1) defining objectives, 2) identifying the population, 3) determining relevant data to collect, 4) specifying required precision, 5) choosing measurement methods, 6) defining the sampling frame, 7) selecting the sample size, 8) pre-testing questionnaires and methods, 9) organizing fieldwork, 10) summarizing and analyzing data, and 11) using prior information to improve future surveys. Conducting sample surveys requires careful planning at each step to ensure the collection of relevant and high-quality data to meet the defined objectives.

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    Principle steps in Sample Survey (1)

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    The document outlines the 11 principal steps in conducting a sample survey: 1) defining objectives, 2) identifying the population, 3) determining relevant data to collect, 4) specifying required precision, 5) choosing measurement methods, 6) defining the sampling frame, 7) selecting the sample size, 8) pre-testing questionnaires and methods, 9) organizing fieldwork, 10) summarizing and analyzing data, and 11) using prior information to improve future surveys. Conducting sample surveys requires careful planning at each step to ensure the collection of relevant and high-quality data to meet the defined objectives.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views3 pages

    Principle Steps in Sample Survey

    Uploaded by

    Purani Swetha
    The document outlines the 11 principal steps in conducting a sample survey: 1) defining objectives, 2) identifying the population, 3) determining relevant data to collect, 4) specifying required precision, 5) choosing measurement methods, 6) defining the sampling frame, 7) selecting the sample size, 8) pre-testing questionnaires and methods, 9) organizing fieldwork, 10) summarizing and analyzing data, and 11) using prior information to improve future surveys. Conducting sample surveys requires careful planning at each step to ensure the collection of relevant and high-quality data to meet the defined objectives.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Principal steps in a sample survey:

    The broad steps to conduct any sample surveys are as follows:

    1. Objective of the survey:


    The objective of the survey has to be clearly defined and well understood by the person planning to
    conduct it. It is expected from the statistician to be well versed with the issues to be addressed in
    consultation with the person who wants to get the survey conducted. In complex surveys, sometimes the
    objective is forgotten, and data is collected on those issues which are far away from the objectives.

    2. Population to be sampled:
    Based on the objectives of the survey, decide the population from which the information can be
    obtained. For example, the population of farmers is to be sampled for an agricultural survey, whereas
    the population of patients has to be sampled for determining the medical facilities in a hospital.

    3. Data to be collected:
    It is important to decide which data is relevant for fulfilling the objectives of the survey without
    omitting any essential data. Sometimes, too many questions are asked, and some of their outcomes are
    never utilized. This lowers the quality of the responses and in turn, results in lower efficiency in the
    statistical inferences.

    4. Degree of precision required:


    The results of any sample survey are always subjected to some uncertainty. Such uncertainty can be
    reduced by taking larger samples or using superior instruments. This involves more cost and more time.
    So it is very important to decide about the required degree of precision in the data. This needs to be
    conveyed to the surveyor also.

    5. Method of measurement:
    The choice of measuring instrument and the method to measure the data from the population needs to
    be specified clearly. For example, the data has to be collected through interview, questionnaire,
    personal visit, a combination of any of these approaches, etc. The forms in which the data is to be
    recorded so that the data can be transferred to mechanical equipment for easily creating the data
    summary etc. are also needed to be prepared accordingly.

    Sampling Theory| Chapter 1 | Introduction | Shalabh, IIT Kanpur Page 7


    6. The frame:
    The sampling frame has to be clearly specified. The population is divided into sampling units such that
    the units cover the whole population, and every sampling unit is tagged with identification. The list of
    all sampling units is called the frame. The frame must cover the whole population, and the units must
    not overlap each other in the sense that every element in the population must belong to one and only
    one unit. For example, the sampling unit can be an individual member in the family or the whole
    family.

    7. Selection of sample:
    The size of the sample needs to be specified for the given sampling plan. This helps in determining and
    comparing the relative cost and time of different sampling plans. The method and plan adopted for
    drawing a representative sample should also be detailed.

    8. The Pre-test:
    It is advised to try the questionnaire and field methods on a small scale. This may reveal some troubles
    and problems beforehand which the surveyor may face in the field in large scale surveys.

    9. Organization of the fieldwork:


    How to conduct the survey, how to handle business administrative issues, providing proper training to
    surveyors, procedures, plans for handling the non-response and missing observations etc. are some of
    the issues which need to be addressed for organizing the survey work in the fields. The procedure for
    early checking of the quality of return should be prescribed. It should be clarified how to handle the
    situation when the respondent is not available.

    10. Summary and analysis of data:


    It is to be noted that based on the objectives of the data, the suitable statistical tool is decided which can
    answer the relevant questions. In order to use the statistical tool, a valid data set is required, and this
    dictates the choice of responses to be obtained for the questions in the questionnaire, e.g., the data has
    to be qualitative, quantitative, nominal, ordinal etc. After getting the completed questionnaire back, it
    needs to be edited to amend the recording errors and delete the erroneous data. The tabulating
    procedures, methods of estimation and tolerable amount of error in the estimation need to be decided
    before the start of the survey. Different methods of estimation may be available to get the answer of the
    same query from the same data set. So the data needs to be collected, which is compatible with the
    chosen estimation procedure.

    Sampling Theory| Chapter 1 | Introduction | Shalabh, IIT Kanpur Page 8


    11. Information gained for future surveys:
    The completed surveys work as a guide for improved sample surveys in future. Besides this, they also
    supply various types of prior information required to use different statistical tools, e.g., mean, variance,
    nature of variability, the cost involved etc. Any completed sample survey acts as a potential guide for
    the surveys to be conducted in the future. It is generally seen that things always do not go in the same
    way in any complex survey as planned earlier. Such precautions and alerts help in avoiding the
    mistakes in the execution of future surveys.

    Note that the ratio and regression methods are the methods of estimation and not the methods of
    drawing samples.

    Sampling Theory| Chapter 1 | Introduction | Shalabh, IIT Kanpur Page 9

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