Integration 13G

1 a A, B are given by =6 x2 + 2 4 (1 x )( x + 3) is
y =− shaped and
x2 = 4 crosses the x-axis at (1, 0) and (−3, 0).
x = ±2 y = x + 3 is a straight line passing through
So A is (−2, 6) and B is (2, 6). (−3, 0) and (0, 3)

∫ ( 6 − ( x + 2 ) ) dx
2
2
b Area =
−2

∫ ( 4 − x ) dx
2
2
=
−2
2
 x3 
=  4x − 
 3 −2
= ( 8 − 83 ) − ( −8 + 83 )
= 16 − 2 × 83
= 10 23 Intersections occur when
x + 3 = (1 − x )( x + 3)
2 a A, B are given by = 3 4x − x 2
x2 − 4 x + 3 =0 ( x + 3)(1 − x − 1)
0=
( x − 3)( x − 1) =
0 − x ( x + 3)
0=
x = 1, 3 −3 or x =
x= 0
So A is (1, 3) and B is (3, 3).
∫ ( (1 − x )( x + 3) − ( x + 3) ) dx
0
Area
=
−3

∫ ( − x − 3x ) dx
0

∫ ( ( 4 x − x ) − 3 ) dx
3 2
b Area
= 2 =
1 −3
0

∫ ( 4x − x − 3 ) dx
3
= 2  x3 3x 2 
1 =−
 − 
3  3 2 −3
 x3 
=  2 x 2 − − 3x  = ( 0 ) − ( 273 − 272 )
 3 1
= 27
= (18 − 9 − 9 ) − ( 2 − 13 − 3) 6

= 92 or 4 12
=1 1
3

1
5 a A is given by x ( 4 + x ) =
12
Area
3 = ∫−1 ( curve − line ) dx x 2 + 4 x − 12 =
0
∫ ( 9 − 3x − 5 x − x − ( 4 − 4 x ) ) dx
1
=
−1
2 3
( x + 6 )( x − 2 ) =
0
x = 2 or x = −6
∫ ( 5 + x − 5 x − x ) dx
1
2 3
=
−1 So A is (2, 12)
1
 x2 5 x4 
=  5 x + − x3 −  2

 2 3 4 −1 b R is found by ∫ x ( 4 + x ) dx
0
away from a

= ( 5 + 12 − 53 − 14 ) − ( −5 + 12 + 53 − 14 ) rectangle of area 12 × 2 = 24.

24 − ∫ ( x 2 + 4 x ) dx
2
= 10 − 103 So area of R =
0

= 20
3 or 6 2
3  x3 
2

=24 −  + 2 x 2 
 3 0

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5 b Area of R = 24 − {( 83 + 8 ) − ( 0 )} 7 c A is the point (8, 4) and B is the point
(4, 0).
= 24 − 323 4−0
= 40
or 13 13 Gradient of line through AB is = 1.
3 8−4
So the equation is y − 0 = x − 4 or
6 a Intersections occur when 7 − x = x 2 + 1 y=x−4
0 = x2 + x − 6
0=( x + 3)( x − 2 )
=x 2 or − 3
Area of R1 , is given by

∫ ( 7 − x − ( x + 1) ) dx
2
2
−3

= ∫ ( 6 − x − x ) dx
2
2
−3
2
 x 2 x3 
=  6x − − 
 2 3 −3 d Area of R is given by
8
= (12 − 42 − 83 ) − ( −18 − 92 + 273 ) ∫ ( curve ) dx − area of the triangle.
1

= 20 56

b Area of R2 , is given by

∫ (x + 1) dx + area of the triangle.

2
2
0

 2 
 x 3 − 2 + 1 dx − 12 × 4 × 4
8
Area R= ∫1  1

 x3 
8
 5 2

 3 3 2x 3
2 = x − 2 + x −8
 x3  5 
Area of R2 =  + x  + 12 × 5 × 5  3 
 1
 3 0
= ( 53 × 32 − 3 × 4 + 8 )
= ( 3 + 2 ) − ( 0 ) + 252
8

− ( 53 − 3 + 1) − 8
= 17 16
= 76
5 + 75 − 8
7 a When x = 1 , y =1 − 12 + 1 = 43
5

=0 = 8 53
So (1, 0 ) lies on C.
2  2 
2
2
8 Area
= ∫ 1 line AB −  x 2 + x   dx
  
b When x = 8 , y = 8 − 3
1
+1 2

8 3 Substitute 2 and 2 for x into the equation

1

2 to find
= 22 − + 1 A is ( 12 , 8 12 ) and B is ( 2, 2 12 ) .
2
=4 6
The gradient of AB = = −4
So ( 8, 4 ) lies on C. −1 12

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 8 −4 ( x − 2 )
So the equation is y − 2 12 = 10 a Area of R1 is
0
y 10 12 − 4 x
=  x4 4 3 
( )
0
∫−4
3 2
x + 4 x d x =
 + x 
 4 3 −4
∫ (10 − 5 x − 2 x −2 ) dx
2
Area
= 1
1
2  44 44 
2 =( 0 ) −  − 
2  4 3
 21 5 2 2 x −1 
=  x− x −  44
 2 2 −1  1 =
2 12
 21 5 2
2
43
=  x − x2 +  =
 2 2 x 1 3
2
= 643 or 21 13
= ( 21 − 10 + 1) − ( 21
4 − 85 + 4 )
= 12 − 8 85
∫ (x + 4 x 2 ) dx + area of
2
3
b Area of R2 is
0
= 3 83 or 3.375
the triangle.
= 3.38 ( 3 s.f.)  x4 4 
2

Area of R2 = + x3  + 12 ( b − 2 )
9 a On the line, whe=
 4 3 0
n x 4,= y 4 − 12 × 4
=2 = ( 164 + 323 ) − ( 0 ) + 12 ( b − 2 )
On the curve,when x = 4, = 14 23 + 12b − 24
y = 3 × 4 − 64 + 4 =−9 13 + 12b
= 6−8+ 4
=2 Area of R2 = area of R1
⇒ −9 13 + 12b =21 13
So the point (4, 2) lies on the line and the
So 12b = 30 23
curve.
⇒b=2 95 or 2.56 ( 3 s.f.)
 12 4
3

b Area
= ∫0 
 3 x − x 2
+ 4 − ( 4 − 1
2 x )  dx 11 a The intersections occur when

10 − x= 2 x 2 − 5 x + 4
4
1 3

= ∫  3 x 2 − x 2 + 12 x  dx 0 = 2x2 − 4 x − 6
0
 
4
0 = 2( x + 1)( x − 3)
 23 5
 =x –1 = or x 3
 3 x x 2
x2 
= − 5 +
 3 4 
 2 2
When x = –1 , y = 11, A is (–1, 11).
 0
4 When x = 3 , y = 7, B is (3, 7).
 32 2 52 1 2 
=  2x − 5 x + 4 x 
∫ [(10 − x) − ( 2 x − 5 x + 4 )] dx
3
 0 b Area = 2

= ( 2 × 8 − 5 × 32 + 4 ) − ( 0 )
2 −1
3
∫ (10 − x − 2 x + 5 x − 4) dx
2
=
= 20 − 645 −1
3
= 365 or 7.2 ∫ (6 + 4 x − 2 x ) dx
2
=
−1
3
= 6 x + 2 x 2 − 32 x 3 
10 a=y x2 ( x + 4) −1

y = 0 ⇒ x = 0 ( twice ) , −4 = (18 + 18 − 18) − ( −6 + 2 + 23 )

= 18 + 3 13
= 21 13
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