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    Topic Classification

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    Moheb zia
    Classification involves sorting organisms into groups based on shared characteristics. It helps understand organisms' biology and identify new species. Species are groups that can reproduce fertile offspring, while genera are groups of closely related species. Binomial nomenclature provides a standardized scientific naming system to avoid confusion. Classification systems organize taxa in a hierarchical manner using dichotomous keys to differentiate organisms based on contrasting features. The five kingdom system categorizes organisms as animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes, or protoctists based on traits like cellular structure.

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    Topic Classification

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    Moheb zia
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    Classification involves sorting organisms into groups based on shared characteristics. It helps understand organisms' biology and identify new species. Species are groups that can reproduce fertile offspring, while genera are groups of closely related species. Binomial nomenclature provides a standardized scientific naming system to avoid confusion. Classification systems organize taxa in a hierarchical manner using dichotomous keys to differentiate organisms based on contrasting features. The five kingdom system categorizes organisms as animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes, or protoctists based on traits like cellular structure.

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    Classification involves sorting organisms into groups based on shared characteristics. It helps understand organisms' biology and identify new species. Species are groups that can reproduce fertile offspring, while genera are groups of closely related species. Binomial nomenclature provides a standardized scientific naming system to avoid confusion. Classification systems organize taxa in a hierarchical manner using dichotomous keys to differentiate organisms based on contrasting features. The five kingdom system categorizes organisms as animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes, or protoctists based on traits like cellular structure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 views31 pages

    Topic Classification

    Uploaded by

    Moheb zia
    Classification involves sorting organisms into groups based on shared characteristics. It helps understand organisms' biology and identify new species. Species are groups that can reproduce fertile offspring, while genera are groups of closely related species. Binomial nomenclature provides a standardized scientific naming system to avoid confusion. Classification systems organize taxa in a hierarchical manner using dichotomous keys to differentiate organisms based on contrasting features. The five kingdom system categorizes organisms as animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes, or protoctists based on traits like cellular structure.

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    of 31

    Topic: Classification

    • Classification is the process of sorting living things


    into groups.
    • Classifying organisms helps us understand their
    biology and makes identifying new species easier.
    • A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce to
    produce fertile offspring.
    • Member of a species also often look very similar to each
    other in appearance. Apart from small variations
    ,members of a species are almost identical in their
    anatomy, physiology and behaviour.
    • Closely related species are grouped into a genus(plural:
    genera).
    • Animal of different species when interbreed offspring are
    usually infertile and they cannot form functional gametes
    due to difference in their chromosome number.
    Binomial Nomenclature
    • Using a common name in a global classification system can be
    difficult due to differences in language.
    • Species must be named in such a way that the name is recognized
    all over the world.
    • The binomial naming system solves this issue. This avoids confusion
    when naming organisms.
    • The binomial system of naming species is an internationally agreed
    system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of
    two parts , showing the genus and the species.
    Hierarchies
    • Smaller groups
    places in larger
    groups with no
    overlap in
    between.
    • Each group is
    called a taxon.
    Dichotomous Key
    • A dichotomous key for the identification of organisms is
    based on a series of choices between alternative characters.
    • Biologists use dichotomous keys to identify unfamiliar
    organisms.
    • Each key is made up of pairs of contrasting
    features(dichotomous means two branches), starting with
    quite general characteristics and moving on to more specific
    ones.
    • When we follow the key and make suitable choices it is
    possible to identify the organism correctly.
    Five Kingdom Classification
    1. Animal: multicellular
    2. Plants: multicellular
    3. Fungi: multicellular, however, some are unicellular.
    4. Prokaryote (bacteria, monerons): unicellular
    5. Protoctista :mostly unicellular (Protoctists are of two
    types: protozoa that lack chlorophyll and Protophyta
    that have chlorophyll.
    Main Groups of Animal Kingdom
    1. Vertebrates: Animals with backbone or vertebral column
    that is made up of vertebrae.
    2. Invertebrates: Animals without backbone.
    Classification Of Arthropods
    Comparison of characteristics of different groups of
    arthropods
    Classification Of Plant Kingdom
    Flowering Plants
    • Flowering plants reproduce by seeds.
    • The seeds are enclosed in an ovary.
    • Flowering plants are divided into two subclasses:
    1. Monocotyledons
    2. Dicotyledons
    Ferns
    • Land plants with well-developed structure
    • The stem is usually completely below ground.
    Roots grow directly from the stem.
    • The stem and leaves have sieve tubes and water
    conducting cells.
    • The leaves of ferns can vary from one species to
    another. Most of them have an upper and lower
    epidermis, a layer of palisade cells and a spongy
    mesophyll.
    • They produce gametes but no seeds, they
    produce spores.
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    Bacteriophage Virus
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