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    Experiment Lab Report 5

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    Mushfiqul Hoque
    This lab report discusses experiments performed on discrete Fourier transforms (DFT), inverse discrete Fourier transforms (IDFT), and fast Fourier transforms (FFT) using MATLAB. Two signals were analyzed - a 12-point sequence that was transformed to the frequency domain using DFT, and a circularly shifted sequence whose DFT was also calculated. Homework problems involved generating noisy signals, correlating them to detect the original signal, and decoding a message signal contaminated with noise by filtering its DFT.

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    Experiment Lab Report 5

    Uploaded by

    Mushfiqul Hoque
    35 views9 pages
    This lab report discusses experiments performed on discrete Fourier transforms (DFT), inverse discrete Fourier transforms (IDFT), and fast Fourier transforms (FFT) using MATLAB. Two signals were analyzed - a 12-point sequence that was transformed to the frequency domain using DFT, and a circularly shifted sequence whose DFT was also calculated. Homework problems involved generating noisy signals, correlating them to detect the original signal, and decoding a message signal contaminated with noise by filtering its DFT.

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    This lab report discusses experiments performed on discrete Fourier transforms (DFT), inverse discrete Fourier transforms (IDFT), and fast Fourier transforms (FFT) using MATLAB. Two signals were analyzed - a 12-point sequence that was transformed to the frequency domain using DFT, and a circularly shifted sequence whose DFT was also calculated. Homework problems involved generating noisy signals, correlating them to detect the original signal, and decoding a message signal contaminated with noise by filtering its DFT.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    35 views9 pages

    Experiment Lab Report 5

    Uploaded by

    Mushfiqul Hoque
    This lab report discusses experiments performed on discrete Fourier transforms (DFT), inverse discrete Fourier transforms (IDFT), and fast Fourier transforms (FFT) using MATLAB. Two signals were analyzed - a 12-point sequence that was transformed to the frequency domain using DFT, and a circularly shifted sequence whose DFT was also calculated. Homework problems involved generating noisy signals, correlating them to detect the original signal, and decoding a message signal contaminated with noise by filtering its DFT.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    United International University

    Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE)

    Fall 2022
    DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
    LABORATORY EEE 3310
    Lab Report – 5

    Submitted to:
    Dr. Khawza Iftekhar Uddin Ahmed

    Submitted by:
    GROUP 1

    Name ID

    Joyanta Debnath 021 182 032

    Ranjan Kumer Sarker 021 191 027

    Shakib Hasan 021 201 054

    Mushfiqul Hoque 021 201 103

    Date of Performance: 19th October 2022


    Date of Submission: 3rd November 2022
    Lab Report - 2
    Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) using MATLAB

    Introduction: From this lab session-05 we get to know about Discrete Fourier Transform
    (DFT), Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) and finally
    we implement some examples on MATLAB of these topics

    Theoretical Background: The DFT is a strong tool in DSP which actually enables us to find
    the spectrum of a finite duration signal. In DFT, here we convert a discrete time signal, time
    domain to frequency domain. Similarly, IDFT does the opposite of DFT.

    On Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), MATLAB provides this function called “fft”. Suppose if we
    want to run a code which has lot of loops then it will take some time to run the code but If we
    use “fft” then it will take less time and run the coder firstly.

    In Lab Evaluation:
    1. A 12-point sequence x(n) is defined as
    x (n)= {1,2,3,4,5,6,6,5,4,3,2,1}
    Determine the DFT of x(n). Plot it’s magnitude and phase

    Code:
    x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]; n=0:11; N = 12;
    X = dft(x,N);
    magX = abs(X), phaX = angle(X)*180/pi
    subplot(211);stem(n,magX,'k');title('Magnitude')
    subplot(212);stem(n,phaX,'k');title('Angle')

    Page 2 of 9
    2. Let x(n)= (0.5)n 0<n<7
    (a) Determine and plot x((-n))8
    (b) Determine DFT of the circularly shifted sequence.

    Code:
    %a
    n = 0:7; x = (0.5) .^ n;
    y = x(mod(-n,8)+1); % Try to see values in "mod(-n,8)"
    subplot(2,1,1); stem(n,x); title('Original sequence')
    xlabel('n'); ylabel('x(n)');
    subplot(2,1,2); stem(n,y); title('Circularly folded
    sequence')
    xlabel('n'); ylabel('x(-n mod 8)');
    %b
    X = dft(x,8); Y = dft(y,8);
    figure
    subplot(2,2,1); stem(n,real(X));
    title('Real{DFT[x(n)]}'); xlabel('k');
    subplot(2,2,2); stem(n,imag(X));
    title('Imag{DFT[x(n)]}'); xlabel('k');
    subplot(2,2,3); stem(n,real(Y));
    title('Real{DFT[x((-n))8]}'); xlabel('k');
    subplot(2,2,4); stem(n,imag(Y));

    Page 3 of 9
    title('Imag{DFT[x((-n))8]}'); xlabel('k');

    Page 4 of 9
    Homework:
    1. Correlation is an effective method of detecting signals buried in noise. Noise are
    essentially uncorrelated. This means that, if we correlate a noisy signal with
    itself, the correlation will be only due to the signal only. This will exhibit a sharp
    peak at n=0. Generate two noisy signals by adding noise to a 20Hz sinusoid
    sampled at Ts=0.01 sec for 1 seconds.
    (a) Verify the presence of the signal by plotting correlation of the two
    noisy signals.
    (b) Can you see the presence of periodicity in correlation plot? Where it
    coming from?
    (c) Plot FFT spectrum of the correlation.
    (d) Can you see the original sinusoid frequency in the FFT?

    Code:

    t = 0:0.001:1;
    x = sin(2*pi*20*t);
    Y= x + .2*rand(size(x));
    Z= x + .2*rand(size(x));
    X1= xcorr(Y,Z);
    X2=fft(X1);
    figure

    Page 5 of 9
    subplot(211);
    plot(X1);
    title('xcorr signal');
    subplot(212);
    plot(abs(X2));
    title('FFT signal')

    Page 6 of 9
    DISCRIPTION: Here we did generate two noisy sinusoidal signal and then tried to create a
    correlation signal (xcorr) whose period is same to the original signal.

    2. During transmission, a message signal gets contaminated by a low-frequency


    signal and high-frequency noise. The message can be decoded only by displaying
    it in the time domain. The contaminated signal x[n] is provided at server-7 as
    mystery1.mat. Load this signal into MATLAB (use the command load mystery1).
    In an effort to decode the message, try the following procedure and determine
    what the decoded message says.
    (a) Display the contaminated signal. Can you “read” the message?
    (b) Display the DFT of the signal to identify the range of the message
    spectrum.
    (c) First zero out the DFT component corresponding to the low-frequency
    contamination and obtain its IDFT y[n].
    (d) Next, zero out the DFT component corresponding to the high-
    frequency contamination and obtain its IDFT y[n].
    (e) Take the IDFT to obtain the filtered signal and display it to decode the
    message.

    Code:

    %a
    load mystery1;figure
    plot(mystery1);
    title('Original ECG');
    %b
    x=fft(mystery1,length(mystery1-1));
    figure
    plot(abs(x));
    title('fft of Originl mystery1');
    size(x)
    %c,d&e
    j=[1:100 201:1200 1301:1400];
    y=x;
    y(j)=0;
    z=ifft(y);
    figure
    plot(abs(z));
    title('message signal');

    Page 7 of 9
    Page 8 of 9
    DISCRIPTION: Here, we did try to generate a message signal which got contaminated by
    the low frequency signal and high frequency noise. The message decoded in the time domain
    to displayed. Then we did take the IDFT to get the filtered signal & display it to decode the
    message.

    Statement: I Have contributed and given my full support in completing this report.

    Page 9 of 9

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