COURSE TITLE: METHODS OF RESEARCH

WEEK 3 ASSESSMENT

Part 1. Written Quiz

Instructions: Provide the following essay questions with brief answer. Limit your
answer into four to five sentences.

1. Why is research important? Research helps you to follow your interests, learn
something new, sharpen your problem-solving abilities, and push yourself in new
directions. Working on a faculty-initiated research project allows you to collaborate
directly with a mentor, who might be a faculty member or another experienced
researcher.

2. Recall and discuss your very first research work as a student. If you were to do it
now, how differently would you handle it?
I would like to find some more related literature to support my study. This is because the
previous research was all about the Covid vaccine. Thus, it is hard for us to find related
literature because it is a fairly new topic. Now, I would like to improve that area of
research.

3. Based on the overarching roles of the researcher, in what ways do the researcher
become the participant of the study?
The researcher can be a participant in his study if his topic is all about
self-experimentation. However, it is a lot riskier for him and might be more biased
because he is the one experiencing what the experimentation is all about. So it is not
advisable to be a subject in his own study because of those reasons.
Part 2. Reflection Paper
Instruction: Write an essay (1250-1500 words) reflecting on the completed topic of the
week.

Research is described as the development of new knowledge and/or the creative use of
existing information to produce new concepts, approaches, and understandings. This
might entail synthesizing and analyzing existing research to the point where it yields
fresh and innovative results. The serious consideration of studies of a specific subject or
problem using scientific methods is known as research. "Research is a methodical effort
to characterize, explain, forecast, and manage the observable phenomena," writes
American sociologist Earl Robert Babbie. It employs both inductive and deductive
methodologies. Inductive procedures examine an observable occurrence, whereas
deductive methods confirm it. Deductive methods are more usually connected with
quantitative analysis, whereas inductive approaches are more commonly associated
with qualitative research.

Characteristics of research include for accurate data, a systematic technique must be

used. Rules and procedures are essential components of the process that establishes
the goal. While making observations or drawing conclusions, researchers must adhere
to ethics and a code of conduct. The research is logically oriented and employs both
inductive and deductive methodologies. The data or information acquired from genuine
observations in natural environments is obtained in real time. There is an in-depth
analysis of all data collected to ensure that there are no anomalies. Research paves the
way for the generation of new questions. Existing data contributes to the expansion of
research prospects. The nature of research is analytical. It uses all available data to
ensure that there is no ambiguity in inference. One of the most crucial parts of research
is accuracy. The information gathered should be correct and true to its nature.
Laboratories, for example, provide a controlled setting in which to gather data. The
accuracy of the instruments employed, the calibrations of equipment or tools, and the
ultimate outcome of the experiment are all measured.

A research paradigm is a research methodology, model, or pattern. It is a collection of

ideas, beliefs, or understandings that allow theories and practices to operate. The bulk
of paradigms are based on either positivism or interpretivism as a research
methodology. Every research project uses one of the research paradigms as a guideline
for developing research techniques and carrying out the research project in the most
lawful and reasonable way possible. Despite the fact that there were essentially two
paradigms, several other paradigms emerged from these two, notably in social science
research. Keep in mind that picking one of the paradigms for your research endeavor
involves a full comprehension of the distinctive qualities of each technique.

Researchers are employed to enhance knowledge. Throughout your work, you must
cultivate the ability to think "independently, honestly, and critically. “Researchers must
explain their findings, cooperate with others when appropriate, and transmit and use
information for the benefit of their company, the economy, and society as a whole.
Researchers have an obligation to conduct their study in an honest and ethical manner.
There is more specific information on research ethics available. Individual scholars bear
the full responsibility for their own personal and professional growth. The tasks of
researchers are strongly related to the four areas of Vitae's Researcher Development
Framework (RDF). The RDF was created by and for researchers to help them become
more productive and successful by offering a framework for professional growth and
career management. Although institutions are supposed to assist research workers in
their career development, you are responsible for planning your career and identifying
the training and experience you will require to reach where you want to go. It is your
obligation to explain your goals. Your coworkers, line manager, and mentor can only
assist you if you are willing to discuss your professional goals. To build a formal
structure for these dialogues, most institutions now offer mentorship, performance
evaluations and assessments, and professional development reviews. Once this has
been agreed upon, your line manager and your institution should make sure you have
opportunities to enhance your skills, knowledge, and independence.

The ultimate goals of research are to develop observable and testable evidence that will
eventually add to the body of human knowledge.Ancient philosophers thought that
inference and logic, rather than measurement, could provide all answers.Science today
fully tests theories using established research methodologies and regular processes. It
is critical to remember that science and philosophy are inextricably linked and
fundamental components of human progress, with both influencing how we perceive the
world. Scientific research, on the other hand, allows us to put theories to the test and
establish strong foundations for future research and study. Although no theory or
hypothesis can ever be totally verified or dismissed, study allows us to establish
reasonable conclusions about the cosmos.

A Descriptive research tries to correctly and methodically characterize a population,

situation or phenomena. It can answer the questions what, where, when, and how, but
not why. To explore one or more variables, a descriptive research design might employ
a wide range of research methodologies. In contrast to experimental research, the
researcher does not control or change any of the variables, but instead just observes
and measures them. While Analytical research is a sort of study that requires critical
thinking abilities. the appraisal of facts and information related to the research being
done. Analytical research is used by a range of people during studies, including
students, doctors, and psychologists, to identify the most relevant material.

Applied research is a sort of study that seeks practical answers to current issues. These
can involve a wide range of issues, such as infrastructure and conservation.
Experiments, for example, are used in this form of study to acquire an understanding of
new knowledge. While Fundamental research (or academic research) is "experimental
or theoretical efforts principally undertaken to gather new information on the foundations
of observable phenomena or facts, without any thought that it would result in any
practical application or use".

As the name implies, conceptual research is concerned with abstract concepts and
ideas. It does not rely on practical experiments, but rather on the researcher examining
accessible information on a certain issue. Empirical research, on the other hand, is
study that is based on the researcher's firsthand observation and measurement of
occurrences. The collected data can be compared to a theory or hypothesis, but the
outcomes are still based on real-world experience.

Every other sort of study is a variant on one or more of the above examples. Generally,
these forms of research are based on either the aim of research, or the time necessary
to perform research, or the environment in which research is done, or on the basis of
some similar element.
Part 3. Analysis Paper
Instructions: Based on the given topic below, analyze the given questions and provide
your critical analysis in a straight-forward manner. Limit your answers into four to six
sentences.
A number of the elements in the research environment that were identified in the early
1990s as perhaps problematic for ensuring research integrity and maintaining good
scientific practices have generally continued along their long-term trend lines, including
the size and scope of the research enterprise, the complexity of collaboration, the
growth of regulatory requirements, and the importance of industry sponsorship and
entrepreneurial research. Several important new trends that were not examined in the
1992 Responsible Science report have also emerged, including the pervasive and
growing importance of information technology in research, the globalization of research,
and the increasing relevance of knowledge generated in certain fields to policy issues
and political debates. These changes—the growing importance of information
technology in particular—have led to important shifts in the institutions that support and
underlie the research enterprise, such as scholarly publishing. They also have important
implications for the ability of researchers, research institutions, journals, and sponsors
to foster integrity and prevent research misconduct and detrimental research practices.
1. How do the nature and characteristics of research change amid increasing trends in
technological innovation, globalization, and collaboration? Information technology
advances are reshaping the research sector, discipline by discipline, by altering the
types of issues that may be addressed and the techniques utilized to solve them.
Although there are more possibilities to fabricate, misrepresent, or plagiarize, there are
also more methods available to detect such activity.

2. Given the increasing demand of research in developing the country, what research
paradigms must be employed? Why did you say so? Ontology, epistemology,
methodology, and procedures comprise the scientific research paradigm.
Methodological choices should be tied to the researcher's philosophical viewpoint and
the investigated social science phenomena. Several philosophical perspectives are
available in the sphere of study; nevertheless, more radical approaches, according to
the authors, can be delimiting. Only through an intermediate philosophical approach can
the researcher reconcile philosophy, technique, and the research problem.