Plagiarism

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Practical Research

Lesson 7: Plagiarism

Plagiarism
– Plagiarism is stealing. It is offensive whether it is done intentionally or by accident.
– Using their exact words or ideas without citing the rightful owner of the source is a form of academic
dishonesty.
– The wrongful use of idea or language of another author and representing them as if they are your original
work is Plagiarism.

The Five Types of Plagiarism


1. Plagiarism of Words
– The use of another author's exact words without citing him/her .
2. Plagiarism of Structure
– the author cited the source, but he just paraphrased another’s words by changing sentence construction
or word choice.
3. Plagiarism of Ideas
– Presenting another’s ideas as if they are your own without giving the owner credit. Incorrect citation of
the original owner of the idea is also considered 'plagiarism of ideas'.
4. Plagiarism of Authorship
– Turning in a replication of another’s work. Submitting a paper that you got off the internet or from a
friend and presenting it as your own. This is the worst type of plagiarism.
5. Plagiarism of Self
– This type refers to the use of one's previous work for a separate assignment or requirement. Although the
ideas and words are owned by the author, receiving two credits for a single output is considered cheating.
This is not allowed unless permission is obtained.

How to Prevent Plagiarism


• Develop a topic based on previously written material but ensure that you also write something new and
original.
• Although you can rely on experts' opinions regarding a certain topic ensure that you are making a contribution
by improving upon those opinions.
• Do not fail to give credit where and when it is due.
• It is advisable that the researcher follows a certain documentation format like the American Psychological
Association

What are the penalties for plagiarism?


One must understand that plagiarism is a serious offense in the academe. Whether it is done intentionally or out of
sloppiness on the part of the author, it is not without penalty.
• Receiving zero in an assignment or project, suspension & expulsion.
• Losing one's earned degree.
• Possible penalties are failing the course.

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