Presentacion Tecnicas

PRESENTACION TECNICAS
As Jesus and Manu have just explain, the construction, launch and calibration of the telescope has
been a hard, expensive and time-comsuming process. So you might be wondering right why are all
those resources being spent in the construction of a simple telescope when there are already a lot of
them such us Hubble?
The thing is that although the Hubble telescope(and other teescopes) works with infrared light, they
aren´t specialized in detecting this kind of wavelengths and they mainly processes ultraviolet
wavelengths and visible light. However, the James Webb is the first general purpose infrared
telescope. In order to comprehend why is it so important that the James Webb is optimize for
infrared wavelengths first it is necessary to understand the way that light travels through the
universe
As it it was discovered thanks to Einstein´s relativity the universe is in a constant(and accelerated)

expansion. As a consequence of this the space between objects stretches, and so does the light. This
provoques the light to shift from shorter wavelengths like ultraviolet to longer wavelengths like
infrared. This effect is called redshift, and it explains why even though the stars that are farther way
from us emit ultraviolet or visible light, the light that reach us is infrared
Thanks to using the infrared light, James Webb will be able to see the colder and older stars that are
invisible to Hubble. In fact it will be able to see stars and galaxies 1000 million years older than the
ones that the Hubble can see. This is to say, that the James Webb will be able to see back to about
100 to 250 million years after the Big Bang.
The objects from this period are in fact the older ones that can be observed, because before that
time, there weren’t neutral atoms in the universe and as a consequence the light was being
impeded. So the James webb will see as much as back in time as one can and observe the first stars
and galaxies in our universe.
The study of this first galaxies is extremely important because by comparing them to the galaxies
from nowadays it is possible to understand their evolution. All of this will be extremely helpful to
understand how elements heavier than hydrogen were built. Also since the James Webb has access
to a bigger range of galaxies than the previous telescopes it can also detect more of the disturbances
that are created by the dark matter. So the study of these first galaxies is also be crucial to get more
information about something that we now so little as it is the dark matter, which might lead to a
ground-breaking discovery
Also, since infrared light can travel through the dust James Webb will be able to observe the dense
and dusty regions where stars are formed. Another of the aims of the James Webb is to discover
how are planetary systems formed and how stars evolve and release the heavy elements by
observing this regions. (añadie comentario/comparación imagen nebulosa con y sin infrared lght)
Besides, the James webb telescope will be able to study the atmosphere of the exoplanets , which
are planets outside our solar system, better than the telescopes that we previously had. The reason
why is once again because of it’s ability to detect infrared lights. Since the molecules on the
atmospheres of this exoplanets have the largest number of spectral features at infrared light, the
infrared light is key to study their spectroscopy. (By studying the spectroscopy scientist can
determine which elements and compounds are more present on the atmosphere of this planets) The
goal is to study planets that are thought to be similar to earth and analyse their atmospheres in
order to try and find life forms. This is possible because it is known that the presence of life increases
the levels of methane on the atmosphere of a planet. By comparing the levels of CO2 and methane it
might be possible to actually find planets where there are life forms. Also by studying planets that
are similar to Earth but that were created 10 billions ago, such as some of the first planets from our
galaxy, we might not only discover life but also find out how the evolution of life was over the
course of billions of years.
All in all, the James Webb might lead us to the creation of new fields in physics and the formulation
is new theories. On the same way as theories such as relativity have several practical applications,
such as gps, who knows which ground-breaking technologies might be created thanks to the better
understanding of the dark matter and the early stages of the universe. In conclusion, the James
Webb is not a waste of technological resources, but, on the contrary, an inversion on our future and,
most importantly, it is a door to find out what else, or shall I say, who else is out there in the
universe
*But also thanks to this telescope we might be able to find out once and and for all if were are really
alone on the universe
https://webb.nasa.gov/content/science/firstLight.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rI4alFk5agQ
https://webb.nasa.gov/content/about/faqs/facts.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shPwW11MEHg
https://www.abc.es/ciencia/abci-diferencias-entre-hubble-y-webb-distintos-ambos-telescopios-
espaciales-202112240345_noticia.html#:~:text=Webb%20observar%C3%A1%20principalmente
%20el%20universo,se%20forman%20estrellas%20y%20planetas.
https://www.inverse.com/science/how-the-webb-telescope-will-see-dark-matter#:~:text=JWST
%20is%20optimized%20to%20look,of%20worlds%20around%20other%20stars.

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PRESENTACION TECNICAS

As it it was discovered thanks to Einstein´s relativity the universe is in a constant(and accelerated)

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