Past Simple

vs. Present
Perfect

GRAMMAR

LEVEL NUMBER LANGUAGE

Intermediate B1_1035G_EN English
Goals

■ Learn the differences

between the past simple
and the present perfect
■ Practise talking about the
past
■ Review regular and
irregular verbs

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 Have you ever got confused about
English tenses? More than once,
probably!

This lesson will help untangle the past

simple from the present perfect.

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Preview and warm-up

■ In this lesson you are going to learn about the differences between the past
simple and the present perfect and you will talk about your past experiences.

I have always been on time for work.

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The past simple

■ We use the past simple to talk about when something happened.

■ We often use words and phrases such as last week, ago, in 2009, and at 4pm.

Question Positive Negative

Did she go to London last She went to London last She didn’t go to London
week? week. last week.
Did you meet with our I met with our clients in I didn’t meet with our
clients in England? England. clients in England.
Did you attend the I attended the meeting last I didn’t attend the meeting
meeting last week? week. last week.

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The present perfect

■ We use the present perfect to talk about experiences in our life up to now,
but we don’t say exactly when they happened.
■ In this context we often use the words: never and ever, yet, already, and so far.

Question Positive Negative

Have you ever been to a I have never been to a

I have been to a trade fair.
trade fair? trade fair.
Have you been happy I’ve been happy with your I haven’t been happy with
with my work so far? work so far. your work so far.
Have they finished the They have already finished They haven’t finished the
project yet? the project. project yet.

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Past simple and present perfect

■ When someone asks a question in the present perfect, we can answer in the
present perfect or the past simple.
■ It depends if you want to give more information or not.

Question Answer

Have you ever been to Rome? Yes, I have.

Have you ever been to Rome? Yes, I went in 2015.

Has she met your parents yet? Yes, she has.

Has she met your parents yet? Yes, she met them last weekend.

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For and since

We often use the words for and since in the present perfect. We can also use for
with the past simple. You need to be careful how you use them.
■ For tells us how long an action goes on
■ Since tells us when an action started

For Since

For 20 years Since 1997

For a long time Since I can remember

For ages Since she was young

For all his life Since he was born

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Been and gone

■ We use been to say we went somewhere and came back.

■ We use gone to say we went somewhere but haven’t returned yet.

She has gone to China.

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Positive and negative practice: the past simple
Look at the sentences below and turn them into the negative form

1. She went to Manchester last She didn’t go to Manchester last

week. week.

____________________________________________________
2. I met with our clients a few
days ago. ____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________
3. I bought a new iPad last year. ____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________
4. I attended the meeting last
week. ____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________
5. I walked to work yesterday. ____________________________________________________

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Positive and negative practice: present perfect
Look at the sentences below and turn them into the negative form

1. I have been to London. I haven’t been to London.

2. I have worked as a freelancer ________________________________________

before.
________________________________________

3. I have already met with our ________________________________________

clients.
________________________________________

4. The director has decided to ________________________________________

relocate the company.
________________________________________

________________________________________
5. She has finished her task.
________________________________________

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Find the mistakes

Five of these sentences have mistakes with the present perfect or past
simple in them. Can you find them?

1. Have you been to the trade fair last month?

2. I spoke to Tim yesterday.
3. She has been at this company for a long
time.
4. The company didn’t update its software
since 2009.
5. Yuri has worked for an advertising agency
when he was at university.
6. Have you ever been to Jordan?
7. I never met him but I hope I will one day.
8. I like your suit. How long did you have it
for?

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For or since?

He lived there
I have lived here
_______________ 20
_______________ I was
years before he
born.
moved abroad.

She hasn’t spoken to

I haven’t been to work
me _______________ we
_______________ ages.
left school.

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Fill in the gaps

Fill in the gaps with the words below and then answer the questions.
You can answer with present perfect or past simple.

spoken had been smoked

1. Have you ever _______________ on a business

trip?
2. Have you ever _______________in the office?
3. Have you ever _______________ experience
working as an engineer?
4. Have you ever _______________ English with
an Australian person?

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Choose the verbs

Read about Peter’s life. Choose the correct verbs.

Peter was/has been born in Los Angeles,

California. He was/has been a model all his life.
He starred/has starred in his first photo shoot
when he was/has been 2 months old. John
published/has published two books of his
photographs and he wants to publish another
one. So far, he earned/has earned over $12
million in his career – last year he made/has
made more than $2 million.

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Writing

Using the previous page to help you, write a short text about
your academic and professional life up to now. You may wish to
include some of the suggested words below.

achieved graduated

Worked as studied

skills learnt

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Read your text

Read your text aloud. Have you used the correct tenses?
Do they have any questions?

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The present perfect

■ We also use the present perfect for something which happened very recently.
■ The word we often hear with this is just.

I have just had lunch – I’m so full.

She has just called me to say she’ll be late.

He has just left – you can probably catch

him.
She has just come out of the interview and
said it went well.

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Action or result?

■ Sometimes we use the present perfect to focus on the result of the action.
■ We use the past simple to focus simply on the action.

Action Result

I bought a new car. I have just bought a new car – look!

He has finished shooting the film – now we

He finished shooting the film.
can watch it.

What did you do today? Tell me. What have you done today? Show me.

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The present perfect

■ We use the present perfect simple to say how many times we have done
something.

■ I have been to Paris three times.

■ I have only ever received a

complaint once.

■ I‘ve been to hundreds of

conferences.

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Read through the dialogue. Notice which actions have
present results.

Hi Tom. I telephoned you yesterday morning about the report but you
didn’t pick up. How come?

Sorry Fran, I was in a meeting. Unfortunately I’ve been very busy recently so I
haven’t finished my section of the report yet, but I’ve made good progress on
the introduction.

That’s alright. Have you managed to chase up our clients that haven’t
paid us yet?

I’ve arranged to meet with them next week to discuss the matter.

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Present results

What is the difference between these pairs of sentences?

What might come after the sentence, or how would someone reply?

1. Someone has opened the

window./Someone opened the
window.
2. George has broken his leg./George
broke his leg before the match.
3. I have lost my keys!/I lost my keys
yesterday.
4. I have made a cake./I made a cake.
5. I have bought a new computer./I
bought a new computer.

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Just

Fill in the gaps with just and an appropriate verb.

1. Are you hungry? No, I’ve _______________

lunch.
2. Have you been at work today? Yes, I’ve
_______________ back.
3. Where are you going? Mike has
_______________ a new car – I’m going for a
ride.
4. I heard you are doing a typing course – can
you help with this? I’ve _______________ so I’m
not very good yet, sorry.

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What have they just done?

What do you think the people in the pictures have just done?
Can you imagine what they’re saying?

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 ? ? ? ?? ?
About you

? ? ? have
?just ?done?
What
?
you

?
? ? ? ?
finish work

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Complete the sentences

Complete these sentences with your own ideas.

1. I have never…

2. I have _______________ once in my life.

3. I have _______________ three or four times in my life.

4. I have _______________ many times.

5. I have _______________ more times than I can remember!

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Game

Think of three things you have or haven’t

done in your life.

Two should be true, and one false.

Your classmates and teacher will ask you

questions for more details to try to catch
your lie.

I have met the Queen of England.

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Reflect on the goals

Go back to the second slide of the lesson and check

if you have achieved all the goals of the lesson.

yes no

_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________

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Reflect on this lesson

Think about everything you have seen in this lesson.

What were the most difficult activities or words? The easiest?

+ _______________________________
_______________________________

+ _______________________________
_______________________________

– _______________________________
_______________________________

– _______________________________
_______________________________
If you have time, go over
the most difficult slides again

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30 www.lingoda.com
Exercise p. 10
She didn’t go to Manchester last week., 2. I didn’t meet with our clients a few weeks
ago., 3. I didn’t buy a new iPad last year., 4. I didn’t attend the meeting last week., 5. I
didn’t walk to work yesterday.
Exercise p. 11
I haven’t been to London., I’ve never worked as a freelancer before., I haven’t met
with our clients yet., The director has not decided to relocate our company yet., She
hasn’t finished her task yet.
Exercise p. 12
1. Did you go to…, 2. -, 3. -, 4. Has not updated it’s software…, 5. Yuri worked for…, 6.
-, 7. I have never, 8. How long have you had it for?
Answer key (1/2)
31 www.lingoda.com
Exercise p. 13
Since, for, for, since
Exercise p. 14
1. been, 2. smoked, 3. had, 4. spoken
Exercise p. 15
was, has been, starred, was, has published, has earned, made
Exercise p. 23
1. just had, 2. just got/come, 3. just bought, 4. just started
Answer key (2/2)
Homework

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 Unscramble the questions

been

B
disgusting?

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Writing

Write your answers to the questions on the previous page.

Give as much detail as possible.

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35 www.lingoda.com
Activity p. 32
A. Have you ever been to the USA? B. Have you ever eaten something disgusting?
Homework answer key
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