GREAT WRITING 4: Great Essays

ANSWER KEY

Unit 1 Exploring the Essay 6. A. Urban:

1. The streets reflect this hectic pace and are rarely empty,
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING even late at night.
2. City dwellers appear to be racing to get
Activity 1, page 6 somewhere important.
1. The purpose is to classify different types of shopping. 3. Life for them tends to be a series of deadlines.
2. 5; 1; 5; 2–4 B. Rural:
3. in-person, online, third-party 1. Even during peak hours, traffic jams occur less often
than in a city.
4. In fact, there are now three main kinds of shopping:
in-person, online, and third-party. 2. Stores close in the early evening, and the streets do
not come alive until the next morning.
5. in-person shopping
3. The people in small towns or villages seem more
6. shoppers lining up at cash registers
relaxed and move in a more leisurely way.
7. People who use third-party shoppers tend to have a
7. Answers will vary.
more generous budget as they must pay for the
convenience of not having to look for anything, either in Activity 4, page 15
person or online.
8. There are shopping options for everyone. 1. Private non-profit 4-year colleges
2. public two-year community colleges; approximately
Activity 2, page 8
$35,000
1. The purpose is to show ways to reduce the risk of cancer. 3. Possible answer: Housing may cost less because there are
2. By eating better, exercising regularly, and staying out of the fewer dormitories to maintain; Food may cost less if fewer
sun, people can reduce their risks of getting cancer. options are provided at meals; More students can live at
home while attending community colleges
3. The essay will be organized by discussing those
4. The purpose is to offer a possible solution to the high cost
three methods to avoid cancer, in that order.
of university study.
4. These popular foods contain large amounts of saturated 5. Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
fat, which is one of the worst kinds of fat. … However,
eating fatty foods can increase a person’s chances of Topic: The Cost of University Studies
getting some kinds of cancer. … Instead, they now eat a I. Introduction (Paragraph 1)
lot more processed foods that do not contain natural Thesis statement: One such solution in the United States is
fiber. Lack of fiber in a person’s diet can increase the attending community college.
chance of colon cancer.
5. cutting back on the amount of food they consume II. Body
and exercising regularly A. Paragraph 2 (PROBLEM): Rising cost of university
6. Finally, health officials are concerned about the dramatic study
rise in the number of cases of skin cancer. a. Tuition for nonresidents
7. Suggested answer: Both the introduction and the b. Housing and books
conclusion discuss people becoming more informed
B. Paragraph 3 topic: (SOLUTION) : Attending a
about the risk factors for cancer. Both suggest eating well, community college
getting enough exercise, and limiting sun exposure.
a. Cost of community college
8. An opinion. Answers to the second part will vary.
b. Quality of education
Activity 3, page 12 c. Other services: parking, food, health services
1. The purpose is to contrast urban and rural life. III. Conclusion
2. Perhaps some of the most notable differences in the lives Restate thesis
of these two groups include the degree of friendliness Opinion: Beginning at a community college is a
between residents, the pace of life, and the variety of perfect
available activities.
solution for students
educational looking
path without to continue
going on their debt.
into tremendous
3. urban
6. Answers will vary.
S u g g es t e d 7. Answers will vary.
4. p ar a g r a p h
a n s w e r: T h e fi rs t se n te n c e in e 8. Answers will vary.
i s t h e to p i c se n t en c e, w h i ch g
ivaecsh tbhoedmy ain topic of the paragraph and the Activity 5, page 22
controlling idea.
Answers will vary.
5. Paragraph 4 1
Activity 6, page 24 best obtain these items? Previously, there was one
1. When one looks at this issue critically, however, it is clear technique—shopping in person. Today, however, consumers have various o
that advertising can benefit society in many ways. Thesis statement: In fact, there are now three main kinds of shopping: in-pe
2. indirect
3. Answers will vary. Possible answer: Advertising is beneficial C.
in terms of the size of the industry, itS commitment to
creativity, and its fostering of public awareness.
II. Body
Activity 7, page 24
A. Paragraph 2
1. $200B in 2017; $300B in 2020
1. Topic sentence (Shopping type #1): When thinking
2. $180B in 2020; about the same
about shopping, the method that immediately
3. Possible answers: print, radio
comes to mind is “in-person” shopping.
Activity 8, page 24 2. Supporting ideas
a. History of in-person shopping
Answers will vary. Possible answer: Which is harder, working in
business or working in sports? b. Description of mall shoppers
B. Paragraph 3
Activity 9, page 26
1. Topic sentence (Shopping type #2): With
1. These differences, however, pale in comparison to the advances in technology, online shopping has also
similarities shared by the two professions, for the main become a strong consumer option.
functions of athletic team coaches and business managers
are very closely related. 2. Supporting ideas
a. Benefits to shoppers: Without leaving home,
2. It is indirect. There are no specific examples of the
similarities in the thesis statement. can compare
(1) trends
3. Answers will vary. Possible answer: The similarities
between team coaches' and business managers’ jobs (2) availability
(3) price
irnecplruedse
enletiandginegmtphleoiyr
(4) quality
et easmtos,uspoplveirnmg panroabgleemesn, at.nd b. Benefit to producers: can sell merchandise from
Activity 10, page 28 a warehouse
Title: Shopping for Everyone c. Saving time and energy
I. Introduction (Paragraph 1) C. Paragraph 4
A. Hook: Give a few shopping scenarios 1. Topic sentence (Shopping type #3): Finally, there
are third-party personal shopping services, which are used primarily in t
B. Connecting information
Supporting ideas
C. Thesis statement: In fact, there are now three main 2. Steps
kinds of shopping: in-person, online, and third-party. Fill out a shopping profile
II. Body (Paragraphs 2–4)
A. Paragraph 2 topic sentence: When thinking
about shopping, the method that immediately (2) Guidelines followed by shopping service
comes to mind is “in-person” shopping. III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5)
B. Paragraph 3 topic sentence: With advances in A. Review of the three types
technology, online shopping has also become a strong consumer option. B. Prediction: It is anyone's guess what the next
Paragraph 4 topic sentence: Finally, there are third- party personal shopping services,experience
shopping which are used primarily
might be. in the clothing industry.
C.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5) Activity 12, page 32
A. Restatement of thesis 1. idea
B. Prediction 2. disadvantage
Activity 11, page 29 3. belief
4. possible
Title: Shopping for Everyone
5. related to
Introduction (Paragraph 1) 6. without
Hook: A college student needs a new laptop. An upcoming wedding requires people in the wedding
7. common
8. the situation
party to buy formal dresses. A boss asks her accountant
for new computer software. 9. multiple
B. Connecting information: These are all everyday purchases. The question is: How can the consumer
10. likely

2 Great Writing 4: Great

Activity 13, page 32
Unit 2 Cause-Effect Essays
1. have the means to
2. crisis ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
3. mediate
Activity 1, page 40
4. tends to
5. lead to 1. The purpose is to explain why people lie.
6. countless 2. The fact is that people lie for many reasons.
7. permanently 3. scenario
8. obtain 4. These types of stories show children that “honesty is the
best policy.” Still, if this is the case, then why do so many
9. crucial people lie?
10. roughly 5. Possible answer: a lie that is not harmful
Activity 14, page 33 6. A stranger calls while the parents are out.
7. Answers will vary.
1. appreciation
2. appreciate Activity 2, page 43
3. available 1. The purpose is to show the effects that insomnia can
4. availability have on the heart.
5. fundamentally 2. indirect
6. fundamental 3. Paragraph 2: For one, insomnia can cause an increase
7. primary in blood pressure, according to Dr. Alexandros …
8. primarily Paragraph 3: Insomnia is also suspected to cause a higher
heart rate.
9. risky
Paragraph 4: People who suffer from insomnia often
10. risk make unhealthy lifestyle choices, and these choices
can affect heart health.
Activity 15, page 34
4. High blood pressure can lead to stroke, heart attack, or
Answers will vary. heart failure.
5. Paragraph 4
BUILDING BETTER 6. However, those individuals who suffer from chronic
SENTENCES insomnia are at a greater risk of heart problems.

Activity 16, page 34

1. family Activity 3, page 46
families
2. occurrence occurred Topic: The causes of bullying behavior
3. nO errOr
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
4. stability stable I. A. Hook: How are bullieS
5. historical history ThesisB.statement: Bullying behavior can occur for many
Created?
6. nO errOr
reasons, some of which are the need for bullies to feel
in control, their lack of parental attention, and their
spoiled
Activity 17, page 34
upbringing.
Answers will vary. II. A.
B. Paragraph 3 (Cause 2) topic sentence: Their parents do
Activity 18, page 35 not give them the attention they need.
Answers will vary. Possible answers: C. Paragraph 4 (Cause 3) topic sentence: They are spoiled.
1. Washing dishes is another household chore that III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5) (restated thesis): However one
many people dislike. looks at bullying, the causes are very complex.
2. No one in the history class got an A on the final exam.
Topic: The effects of bullying on the victim
3. While the manager was reviewing her presentation, her
assistant was setting up the technology in the conference Answers will vary. Possible answers:
room. I. A. Hook: Anyone who has ever been bullied knows how
terrible it feels.
WRITING II. A. Support 3: They might skip school.
B. Support 2: They start suffering from depression.
Activity 19, page 36 C. Support 3: They may think about hurting themselves.
Answers will vary.
III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5) (restated thesis): Bullying can
have serious repercussions on victims.
Answer Key
Activity 4, page 49 4. illustrate
Answers will vary. 5. important
6. interested
Activity 5, page 52
7. reason
1. due to 8. a little
2. As a result of 9. a lot
3. Consequently 10. transformation
4. As a result
Activity 11, page 58
5. because of
1. familiarize
Activity 6, page 54
1. The professor asked the students when they wanted to 2. correlation
3. maintain
take the final exam.
4. substantial
2. None of the employees knows when the new CEO will
5. pose
be chosen.
6. inappropriate
3. One benefit of an engineering degree is that there are jobs
available. 7. thrive
How some people can easily learn foreign languages while others cannot is8.a mystery.
fatigued
Not everyone is convinced that the strategic plan will work.
9. distinguish
10. compelling

Activity 7, page 55 Activity 12, page 59

Answers will vary. Possible answers: 1. consequently
1. His greatest accomplishment is that heclimbed Mount 2. consequence
Everest. 3. correlate
4. correlation
2. Danoyeosnaenkynoonwe kwnhoawt
5. currently
twhheednattheeisfifnoar ltehxeafminawl iellxbaem??/ Does
6. current
3. No one was interested in what the speaker had to say. 7. impacted
4. What we ate last night was disappointing. 8. impact
5. She is still deciding what topic to choose for the project. 9. maintain
6. Hotel management is a career that has the potential to grow.
10. maintenance
Activity 8, page 56 Activity 13, page 60
Rewritten paragraphs will vary. Wordy phrases: Answers will vary.
1. In my opinion, I believe
2. for the purpose of BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES
3. made statements saying that
Activity 14, page 60
4. Despite the fact that
1. As a result of the rain, the game was postponed until
5. when all is said and done
next week.
Activity 9, page 57 2. Because he has taught the class for twenty years, he knows
the content well.
1. movies, and films
3. No one was aware that the company’s stock could rise
2. future life might be in 300 years so suddenly.
3. worlds, planets, and galaxies 4. Her classmates wanted to know where she had learned her
4. unexpected surprise art skills.
5. collaborate together 5. It is not surprising that so many students are going into
6. untrue and fictitious the biomedical engineering field.
7. ordinary, everyday Activity 15, page 61
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY 1. The rumors about the new vice president were mean
Activity 10, page 58 and untrue.
2. The local high school graduation was postponed
1. feature because of bad weather.
2. result
3. now

4 Great Writing 4: Great

 3. The main entrance to the stadium is closed between 6:00 Activity 3, page 75
p.m. and
Wording will vary. Possible answers:
midnight. Activity 16,
Title: Not as Different as One Would Think
Introduction (Paragraph 1)
page 61 Answers will
Hook: All countries are unique.
vary.
B. Connecting information: Different location, size,
language, government, climate, lifestyle
WRITING
C. Thesis statement: On the contrary, the two countries
Activity 17, page 62 share many similarities.
Answers will vary. Possible answers: II. Body
1. They like the attention. They do not consider the A. Paragraph 2 (Similarity 1) topic sentence: One
important similarity between Brazil and the United
consequences. States is their massive size.
2. They choose to do what they love. They choose the one
that will allow them to make the most money. 1. Brazil’s characteristics
3. They want to get a job in a different country. They want Size: covers almost half of South America, land mass of nearly 3.3 m
to communicate with people from different cultures. Travel: few Brazilians have traveled extensively in their country
United States’ characteristics
4. Players learn the benefits of teamwork. Players stay
healthy.
5. Answers will vary.
2.
6. Answers will vary.
a. Size: covers most of North America, extends
Activities 18–22, pages 63–67 from Atlantic to Pacific Oceans, 3.1 million
square miles (8 million square kilometers)
Answers will vary.

UNIT 3 Comparison Essays b. Travel: many people in the U.S. have not visited
much of their country
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING B. Paragraph 3 (Similarity 2) topic sentence: Another
similarity between Brazil and the United States is the
Activity 1, page 71 diversity of the population.
1. Brazil
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
a. Colonized by
1. The point-by-point method requires more paragraphs. Other ethnic
Europeans b. groups Indigenous people
2. The block method is likely easier to organize and write.
c.
3. As a reader, point-by-point is easier to follow.
2. United States
Activity 2, page 72 a. Native Americans
Prereading: b. Northern Europe
Answers will vary. c. Slaves from Africa
Later immigrants from Mediterranean
Postreading:
Immigrants from Asia
1. The purpose is to show the similarities between Brazil and Immigrants from S America
the United States. Paragraph 4 (Similarity 3) topic sentence: Finally, both countries share
2. This essay compares the size, diversity, and core values of C.
both countries.
3. point-by-point 1. Brazilians’ belief in freedom: have the right to do
4. All countries are unique. and be whatever they want if don't hurt others,
5. Thesis statement: On the contrary, the two countries share from President Getúlio Vargas in 1930s and 40s
many similarities. Restatement in conclusion: Although 2. U.S. belief in freedom: individualism at core of
Brazil and the United States have many differences, they culture in U.S., dating back to Declaration of
also have remarkable similarities in their size, ethnic Independence and Bill of Rights.
diversity, and core values. III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5)
6. Brazil: covers almost ½ S American continent, land mass A. Restated thesis: Although Brazil and the United States
nearly 3.3 million square miles have many differences, they also have remarkable
United States: takes up significant portion of N American similarities in their size, ethnic diversity, and core values.
continent (from Atlantic to Pacific), land mass of 3.1 million B. Opinion: All cultures are more similar than different.
square miles
7. an opinion Activity 4, page 77
Answers will vary.

Answer Key
Activity 5, page 80 6. Intimidation
1. However 7. Remarkably
2. Similarly 8. remarkable
3. Unlike 9. unique
4. In addition 10. uniqueness
5. Nevertheless Activity 11, page 85
Activity 6, page 82 Answers will vary.
1. Vacations, which can range from a few days to months, are
an integral part of life. BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES
2. Some people who wait too long might have to spend a
lot of money. Activity 12, page 86
3. A “staycation,” which involves relaxing at home without Answers will vary.
the burden of school or work, is a good alternative.
Activity 13, page 86
4. … time off that is relaxing is necessary for everyone.
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
Activity 7, page 83
1. The city of Pompeii, which was destroyed by a
Answers will vary. volcanic eruption in AD 79, had extremely modern
plumbing.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY 2. The adult human body has 206 bones while a baby’s
body has approximately 270 bones.
Activity 8, page 83 3. The highest recorded temperature on Earth, which peaked
1. inexpensive at 136 degrees Fahrenheit, was in El Azizia, Libya.
2. valuable Activity 14, page 87
3. difficult 1. The bookstore with the best selection is often
4. get rid of
crowded, especially on weekends.
5. food 2. Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room
6. basically temperature.
7. important 3. One of the most visited cities in Italy is Florence, which is
home of the Renaissance.
8. watch
4. The development of the driverless car is one of the most
9. imagine
fascinating advancements of the 21st century.
10. one
5. The Islamic calendar, which is also known as the Hijri
Activity 9, page 84 calendar, is based on the cycles of the moon.

1. scenario
WRITING
2. lenient
3. numerous Activity 15, page 89
4. remarkable Answers will vary as to why the topics are or are not good for a
5. core comparison essay.
6. focus on 1. yes—compare costs, privacy, space
7. diversity 2. yes
8. disruptive 3. yes
9. consideration 4. no
10. massive 5. yes
6. no
Activity 10, page 84
7. yes
1. diverse 8. yes
2. diversity 9. no
3. harm 10. yes
4. harmful
5. intimidated
Activities 16–20, pages 90–94
Answers will vary.

6 Great Writing 4: Great

UNIT 4 Argument Essays 3. Answers will vary.

Activity 6, page 110

ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
Activity 1, page 99 1. Some animals would die out completely if they were
Prereading: not cared for in captivity.
Answers will vary. 2. Not all students have access to tablets or smartphones.
Postreading: 3. Some people are physically incapable of driving.
1. The purpose is to argue that school uniforms should 4. International travel is not possible for everyone who wants
be required. to learn another language.
2. School uniforms are the better choice for three reasons. 5. Some nutrients found in meat are not found in vegetables.
3. Paragraph 2: help make students’ lives simpler; Paragraph 6. Everything, even reality shows, can be educational if it is
3: influence students to act responsibly in groups and as explained properly.
individuals; Paragraph 4: help make all students feel equal
Activity 7, page 111
4. Implementing mandatory school uniforms would make
all students look the same regardless of their financial Answers will vary. Possible answers:
status. 1. However, children can increase their confidence in better,
5. Opponents of mandatory uniforms say that students who more educational ways.
wear school uniforms cannot express their individuality. 2. Even though they may seem expensive, preventive
6. School is a place to learn, not to show off wealth or health care is financially beneficial to companies because
style. Students can express their individuality through these activities help with overall health, lowering long-
their clothing outside of class. term health costs.
7. Public schools should require uniforms in order to 3. While this may be true, it’s clear that there are more
benefit both the students and society as a whole. nutritious options available to students and the
consumption of fast-food should be discouraged.
Activity 2, page 102
4. In reality, girls only seem to be less capable in math and
science because teachers tend to focus their attention
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
II. on the boys in class.
A. 2. Regular exercise teaches children good habits. Activity 8, page 113
B. 3. Kids practice persistence and learn the importance of
1. loaded words
commitment.
2. loaded word
C. Paragraph 4 Topic Sentence: Schools are better equipped to
teach physical education than parents. 3. sweeping generalization
III. Conclusion: Schools are the best places to help students 4. hasty generalization
learn the importance of physical fitness. 5. events related only by sequence
Activity 3, page 103 6. either/or argument

Answers will vary. Activity 9, page 114

Activity 4, page 105 1. passed / would have – PFU
2. is / eat – G
Answers will vary.
3. show / will become – FR
Activity 5, page 107 4. had struck / would have been injured – PU
Choosing modals: 5. adopt / will create – FR
1. might 6. has / is done – G
2. must 7. could have been avoided / had been taken – PU
3. may 8. could take / started – PFU
4. cannot
5. can BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
6. should Activity 10, page 116
7. will
1. connected to
Postreading:
2. to learn a language
1. Regardless of what skeptics might say, the fact is that
3. dedication
everyone has the capacity to build or create
something 4. begin using
new. 5. lacking
2. P2: Most people have the creativity to come up with a new 6. event
idea. P3: Commitment, not cash, is what leads to success.
P4: Opportunity can be found anywhere.
Answer Key
 7. money
UNIT 5 Problem-Solution Essays
8. value
9. easy to see
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
10. negative effect
Activity 1, page 127
Activity 11, page 116
Answers will vary.
1. everyday
2. unprecedented Activity 2, page 129
3. unity Answers will vary. Possible answers:
4. authentic 1. The purpose is to offer ways for people to protect their
private information while using the Internet.
5. accessible
6. worldwide 2. Although the danger is real, there are certain ways for
individuals to protect their private information.
7. remark
3. Internet privacy is important because without it companies
8. guaranteed can share your personal information, leading to a lot of
9. opponent advertising and/or identity theft.
10. prosperity 4. Internet users Can hide their Internet-surfing habits and/or
use password managers.
Activity 12, page 117
5. Everyone should be using these strategies because they
1. authenticity are easy to use and inexpensive.
2. authentic Activity 3, page 132
3. Innovation
I. B. Definition
4. innovative I. D. Thesis statement
5. intensified II. A. 2. Engineering
6. intensive II.
B. 2. Low salaries
7. isolation III. A. 2. research opportunities
8. isolate IV. A. Restate the thesis statement
9. wealthy IV. B. Call to action
10. wealth
Activity 4, page 134
Activity 13, page 118 S V
1. While many marketers say there is nothing wrong with this
Answers will vary.
sharing of information, very often it falls into the wrong
hands.
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES V
S
Activity 14, page 118 2. Because password managers generate unique passwords
for every website that is used, the user’s privacy is
Answers will vary. Possible answers: maintained.
1. One of the advantages of the computer software is its
3. The password manager keeps track of logins and
price. S V
2. Professors should remember that students are enrolled in offers assistance if a user gets confused.
many different classes.
S
3. Some children who have strict parents tend to be 4. VPNs hide the user’s address so that online companies
more organized than other children. V
cannot see the path used to reach their websites.
Activity 15, page 119
S V
Answers will vary. 5. Even though password managers might seem too
Activity 16, page 120 costly, they are available in all price ranges.

Answers will vary. S V

6. Despite the fact that they are easily available, many people
do not take advantage of these tools.
WRITING
Activities 17–21, pages 120–123 7. Private browsing deletes temporary Internet files, browsing
S V
Answers will vary. history, and cookies when users end their Internet session.
S V
8. Although the danger is real, there are certain ways for
individuals to protect their private information.

8 Great Writing 4: Great

Activity 5, page 134 Activity 10, page 140
Answers will vary. Answers will vary.
Activity 6, page 135
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
1. The purpose is to explain the problem of pollution Activity 11, page 140
on Mount Everest and the latest solution.
problem problems; In one year children In one year,
2. historical event children; Television responsible Television is
3. Along with an increase in the number of Everest mountain responsible; Parents has been worrying Parents have been
climbers is the increased problem of litter left behind on worrying; real and not imaginary solutions real solutions;
this natural wonder. Fortunately, Nepalese officials are won’t will not;
working to fix this potential environmental disaster. invoulved involved
4. It is causing life-threatening problems by polluting
Activity 12, page 141
the local water supply; Paragraph 2
5. installation of garbage disposal sites; $4,000 fines; Answers will vary. Possible answers:
transporting the waste to Kathmandu for recycling 1. The hikers made it to the summit of the mountain, but it
6. Answers will vary. was exhausting.
2. The old, bulky tech equipment in the computer lab
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY is difficult to use.
3. Biomedical engineering is a fast-growing
Activity 7, page 138 industry, especially in Western Europe.
1. financial
Activity 13, page 142
2. together
Answers will vary.
3. laws
4. ideas
WRITING
5. count
6. famous Activities 14–19, pages 143–147
7. solutions Answers will vary.
8. acknowledgement
9. online database
10. common
UNIT 6 Reaction Essays and Exam
Questions
Activity 8, page 138
1. measures ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
2. enforce
Activity 1, page 150
3. official
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
4. automatically
1. This article was particularly impactful to me in
5. regulations
highlighting that athletes with disabilities are highly
6. use up skilled, world-class competitors.
7. budget 2. title of article, author of article, where to find the article, a
8. trustworthy summary of the article, and the thesis statement
9. integrity 3. The writer includes the URL to allow the reader to go to the
10. disposal original source if he/she wants more information.
4. The writer is impressed by the courage and passion of
Activity 9, page 139 these athletes with disabilities.
1. accumulation 5. prediction
2. accumulate Activity 2, page 153
3. collaboratively
Prereading:
4. collaboration
Answers will vary.
5. generate
Postreading:
6. generation
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
7. prominently 1. The purpose is to give a reaction to a photograph.
8. prominent
2. The introduction gives a good physical description of
9. proposal the photo in addition to background information on
10. proposed the content of the photo.

Answer Key
 3. the structural worker and New York City in the background 6. after
4. Answers will vary. 7. intense
Activity 3, page 155 8. represent
9. detailed
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
10. eyes
Title: Reaction to “Old-Timer Structural Worker”
I. A. 2. The building he is working on is the Empire State Activity 12, page 165
Building.
1. comfortably
I. B. Thesis: For me, this photo is a symbol of hard work and
2. admiration
hopefulness.
3. reminder
II. A. 2. There is no equipment to ensure his safety, but he
is not afraid. 4. specifically
II. A. 3. his surroundings; his abilities 5. structure
II. B. (topic sentence) The photo also represents a time of 6. courageous
hope and even optimism in the face of hard times. 7. outcome
II. B. 1. show that the city is still growing 8. visible
II. B. 2. is reaching toward the sky and the future 9. device
II. B. 3. The photo is a reminder of what people can create 10. construction
given their optimism and hard work.
III. A. Restated thesis: The visions of society and the promise Activity 13, page 166
of a prosperous future are contained in “Old-Timer 1. accomplished
Structural Worker.”
2. accomplishment
III. B. Opinion: We have accomplished so much in such 3. impressively
a short time.
4. impress
5. passion
WRITING 6. passionate
Activities 4–8, pages 156–159 7. persevered
Answers will vary. 8. Perseverance
9. safely
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING 10. safe
Activity 9, page 162 Activity 14, page 167
Answers will vary. Answers will vary.

Activity 10, page 164

BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES
1. who is a swimmer from the United States a swimmer
from the United States Activity 15, page 168
2. who are interested in competing interested in 1. family families
competing
3. who just want to compete just wanting to compete 2. unhappily unhappy
3. interesting interested, academically academic
4. which is another New York landmark another New York 4. similar similarities
landmark
5. mean meaning, surely sure
5. that supports the workerssupporting the workers
6. C
6. which is reaching toward the sky and toward the future reaching toward the sky and toward the future
who is focused on his jobfocused on his job that reminds usreminding us
Activity 16, page 168
7.
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
8.
1. Mount Kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain, is located in
Tanzania, Africa.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY 2. Baby giraffes can stand up on their own five hours after
they are born and can run after only 10 hours.
Activity 11, page 165
3. “Animal rain” is a fascinating phenomenon in which
1. positive feelings small animals get sucked up by waterspouts and then
fall to the
2. forward movement
3. done well ground with raindrops.
4. not fearful Activity 17, page 169
5. physical object Answers will vary.

10 Great Writing 4: Great