The document discusses how emotions and stress impact health and well-being. It describes the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome response to stress: (1) alarm reaction, (2) resistance, and (3) exhaustion. Prolonged stress can lead to health issues as the body becomes exhausted. The document also outlines four types of psychological conflicts that can cause stress: approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, approach-avoidance, and double approach-avoidance. Managing conflicts and stress can help maintain good health and quality of life.
The document discusses how emotions and stress impact health and well-being. It describes the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome response to stress: (1) alarm reaction, (2) resistance, and (3) exhaustion. Prolonged stress can lead to health issues as the body becomes exhausted. The document also outlines four types of psychological conflicts that can cause stress: approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, approach-avoidance, and double approach-avoidance. Managing conflicts and stress can help maintain good health and quality of life.
The document discusses how emotions and stress impact health and well-being. It describes the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome response to stress: (1) alarm reaction, (2) resistance, and (3) exhaustion. Prolonged stress can lead to health issues as the body becomes exhausted. The document also outlines four types of psychological conflicts that can cause stress: approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, approach-avoidance, and double approach-avoidance. Managing conflicts and stress can help maintain good health and quality of life.
The document discusses how emotions and stress impact health and well-being. It describes the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome response to stress: (1) alarm reaction, (2) resistance, and (3) exhaustion. Prolonged stress can lead to health issues as the body becomes exhausted. The document also outlines four types of psychological conflicts that can cause stress: approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, approach-avoidance, and double approach-avoidance. Managing conflicts and stress can help maintain good health and quality of life.
Objectives Specify how chronic stress affects general health.
State the conditions of the four basic kinds of
psychological conflict. What would life be like without emotions?
In some ways, life would be better.
We would not experience the distress associated with anger, fear, and depression. We would never be in a bad mood. There would be no unhappiness. On the other hand, without emotions there would be no joy, laughter, or excitement. We would never know the pleasure of a good mood. There would be no happiness. Emotions give life much of its dimension and depth. Although emotions can sometimes diminish the quality of existence, they also often enrich life. Stress and Health: Wear and Tear Takes Its Toll A stressor refers to the source, or cause, of stress. The loss of a job, an argument with a spouse, a conflict situation, excessive cold or heat, and a physical threat are examples of stressors.
Stress refers to wear and tear on the body.
Chronic stress takes a toll. The body loses some of its resilience, its ability to bounce back. Response to Stress
General adaptation syndrome(GAS)
A pattern that describes how an organism responds under conditions that induce chronic stress. (1) The alarm reaction,
(2) the stage of resistance,
(3) and the stage of exhaustion.
The alarm reaction Is characterized by an increase in arousal and general alertness. The pulse and respiration rates increase and the blood vessels of the striated muscles narrow. The organism prepares itself to deal with a threat. The alarm reaction is the individual’s response to a novel stressor.
Shock Counterattack The stage of resistance Is characterized by reduced agitation and excitement. This stage represents an organism’s response to a stressor that has become chronic. The individual learns to live with the stressor. During the stage of resistance, the organism seems to have adapted to adverse conditions. Learning and reproduction are possible. The stage of exhaustion
Is associated with illness and death.
The death is a premature one.
During the stage of resistance, the
adrenal glands had pumped out excessive amounts of their hormones and had overtaxed themselves. Life change units (LCUs) Refers to stressors arising from events in a person’s life that require adaptation.
The Type A behavior pattern is characterized by
hostility and impatience.
The Type B behavior pattern is contrasting pattern
and it is characterized by an absence of general hostility and a willingness to allow events to take place at their own rate. “To live long it is necessary to live slowly.”
The existence of the Type A pattern
suggests that behavior can itself be a source of stress. Human beings are capable of self-induced stress, wear and tear on the body generated by their own thoughts, choices, attitudes, and actions. Conflict: Making Difficult Choices
Conflict is an important source of stress.
Psychological conflict exists when we
are forced to make difficult choices in life. According to the social psychologist Kurt Lewin, there are four basic ways to categorize conflict situations: The approach-approach conflict Exists when an individual is presented with two desirable alternatives, but only one alternative can be obtained. Desirable alternatives are termed positive goals. A mild form: an approach-approach conflict might
seem to induce relatively low stress. After all, the
individual has at least two good choices. An intense form The avoidance-avoidance conflict
Exists when the individual wants to either
escape from or avoid two undesirable alternatives. Undesirable alternatives are termed negative goals. The central problem with this kind of conflict is that moving away from one negative goal takes one in the direction of the other negative goal. “I’m between a rock and a hard place.”
A term sometimes used to identify an
avoidance-avoidance conflict is a double bind. A double bind is a no- win situation. Whatever the individual does, there is a sense of failure or loss. The approach-avoidance conflict
Exists when an individual perceives the
same goal in both positive and negative terms. One of the characteristics of approach- avoidance conflicts is that the approach tendency tends to gain strength when the positive aspect of the goal seems momentarily out of reach. Conversely, the avoidance tendency tends to gain strength when in the presence of the goal; under these conditions the negative factors tend to loom large.
An individual caught in an approach-
avoidance conflict often experiences a sustained period of emotional conflict before a final decision is made. The double approach-avoidance conflict
Exists when an individual
simultaneously perceives two goals in both positive and negative terms.
