General

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module
4:
Solving Problems Involving Functions

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 SHS
General Mathematics – SHS
Quarter 1 - Week 1, Module 4: SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING FUNCTIONS

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director:
Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Arthur Lawrence T. Yee

Editor: Desiree R. Euste
Reviewers: Sarah Christine P. Godoy
Simeon D. Brillantes
Illustrator: John Ervin Babor
Layout Artist: Jhomar B. Jaravata
Cover Art: Jed Adra

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 Introduction

Problem Solving is a process. You can apply different strategies and developed
your plan in order to solve a certain problem. Identifying an appropriate solution will lead to
an easier way on finding the answer to a real-life problem involving functions.

In this module, you will learn how to solve problems involving functions in easier way.

Objectives

At the end of the self

-directed module’s learning activities, you will be able
tosolve problems involving
functions. (M11GM
-Ia-4)

Vocabulary list

In exploring and answering this module, you will encounter the following terms
and concepts to help you them
use appropriately in context:

Functionis a relation where each element in the domain is related to only one value
in the range by some rule.
(DepEd’s General Mathematics Learner’s Material,
page 1.)

Function Notation
is the wayof writing function
a .

Evaluating a functionmeans replacing the variable in the function, in this case x,

witha value fromthe function'sdomainand computingfor the result.To
denote that we are evaluating
f at a for somea in the domain of
f, we write
f(a).

Piecewise Functionis a function in which more than one formula is used to define
the output. Each formula has its own domain, and the domain of the function
is the union of all these smaller domains.

Pretest

Directions: This test will evaluate your knowledge and skills prior to starting this
module. Read each question/item and encircle the letter that corresponds to your
answer.

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1. A kilogram of squid can be purchased at Balatan Public Market for ₱180.00, but the

Learning Activities
In this part, you will learn how to solve problems involving real-life
situations using functions in simplest way. Problems are
everywhere, be it in real life or just an application of real-life
situation. It can be learned gradually. Therefore, it is essential that
you know how to solve problems correctly. In solving problem, we
need to read the problem entirely and list down the information
needed. Working in an organized manner or in an step-by-step

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 process will help you keep directed in finding the correct answer.
We will be following the steps introduced by George Polya,
known as the father of modern problem solving.

Four-step Problem Solving (George Polya)

Step 1. Identify the Problem.

Understand and explore the problem. In order to understand
the problem, read the problem carefully. Identify what is ask, or
determine what the problem requires you to do.
Step 2. Devise a Plan
Find the strategy you will use to solve the problem. Setting
up an equation, drawing a diagram or making a chart are some ways
of solving a problem.
Step 3. Evaluate (Solve)
Carry out the plan, solve the equation you came up with in
your Step 2. (Devise a Plan).
Step 4. Asses your answer
Look back and reflect on the solution, if you used all the information
correctly. Make sure that you write your final answer with the correct labelling.
𝐶 𝑥
Learn from the succeeding examples how to solve problems involving real-life
situations using functions. In case you forget the four steps, just remember the first letter of
every step I D E A, So, let’s begin.

Sample Problems:

Example 1

The cost of buying number of meals in a school canteen is given by the function
𝐶(𝑥) = 45𝑥 + 5. Each meal costs ₱45.00 plus
₱5.00 service fee. How much will you spend if you’re going to treat 5 of
your friends with one meal each?

(To fully understand how to solve the problem using a Function, always follow the
steps mentioned above.)

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 Practice Task 1
E.
Direction: Answer the following questions..

1. A kg of dalandan in Fruit Stand X cost ₱55.00. If Jessica bought 3 kilograms, how much
did she spen
d?

For numbers2-3: Use the problem below to answer the following questions.

A mall charges₱35.00for thefirst two hours as a parking fee and an

additional₱15.00 for each hour (or a fraction of it) after that. If you park for
more than twelve hours,uyo instead pay a flat rate ₱of250.00. The parking
area operates from 7 A.M to 11 PM every day.

2. How much ill

w be charged to a car owner who parked a car from 7:30 AM to 12:30 PM?
3. How much will be charged to a car owner who parked a car from 10:00 AM to 8:00 PM?

For 4-5: Use the problem below to answer the following questions.

A local band spent ₱5 000.00 producingaudio tapes of its last

performance and will sell the tapes
₱300.00
for each.

4. Write a rule to describe the local band’s profit as a function of the number of tapes sold.
5. If the local band made a profit of ₱10 000.00, how many tapes did(Let theyP(x) be
sell?
.)
the local band’s profit in t tapes sold

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 Practice Task 2
Me Your IDEA.

Direction: Solve the following problems involving functions. Use IDEA in solving this
problem.

1 . A kg of mango in Fruit Stand Y cost ₱ 95.00. If

Aaron bought 5 kg, how much did he spen d?

2 . Mrs. Roman received the amount of ₱ 5 ,500.00 to

be divided equally among student, represented by
𝟓 𝟓𝟎𝟎
the function 𝑭(𝒙) = . If she has 25 students, how
𝒏
much will each receive ?

3. Mrs. Villareal implemented waste segregation in

her class. She instructed her students to collect
recyclable pieces of paper to sell. The total earning
of the class is given by the function 𝑬(𝒎) = 𝟔𝒎,
where m is the number of kgs of paper collected.
How much is their total earnings if they collected
100kg of paper?

4. A computer shop charges ₱ 20.00 per hour (or a

fraction of an hour) for the first two hours and an
additional ₱ 10.00 for each succeeding hour. Find
how much you would pay if you used one of their
computers for 4 hours .

Yeah, I can do
it!!!

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 Practice Task 3
Let’s Analyze
Direction: Solve the problems given below.

If N(x) = x denotes the number of bags sold by a

shop, the selling price (in pesos) per bag is given by
p(x) = 1 20 – 4x, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 5, and the cost of producing
x bags is g iven by C(x) = 100x.
Find ;

1. (N ٠p)(x)
2. What is the total cost of buying 4 bags?
3. (N ٠ p)(x) – (C)(x). What do these functions represent?

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 Post Test

Directions: This test will evaluate your knowledge and skills after completing this
module. Read each question/item and encircle the letter
that corresponds to your answer.

1. A kilogram of carabao mango can be purchased at Nabua Public Market for

₱120.00. How much will you spend if you buy 5 kg?
a. ₱500.00 c. ₱700.00
b. ₱600.00 d. ₱800.00

2. Mrs. Avila, a Grade 11 teacher will buy teaching materials worth ₱425.00.
She was already at the cashier when she remembered that she also needs
manila paper. If each manila paper costs ₱3, how much will she pay if she
adds 10 pieces of manila paper?
a. ₱425.00 d. ₱500.00
b. ₱455.00
c. ₱475.00
3. Ashley charges ₱25.00 for every page for encoding . In addition, she charges
₱7.00 per page of printed output. How many page/s did she encode and print
if she receives an amount of ₱960.00?
a. 10 c. 30
b. 20 d. 40

4. The function 𝑇(𝑑) = 10𝑑 + 20 gives the Temperature in degrees Celsius on

Earth’s surface as a function of 𝑑, the depth in kilometres. Find the
temperature at 20 kilometers.
a. 160 c. 200
b. 180 ℃ d. 220 ℃
℃ ℃
5. Angelo started selling kakanin in the nearby school. In one day, he spends
₱150.00 for rent and ₱20.00 for each kakanin item he prepares. His expenses
can be expressed as the function 𝐸(𝑥) = 20𝑥 + 150, where is the number of
items and 𝐸(𝑥) is his daily expenses in pesos. How much𝑥 is his profit if he
prepares 100 items of kakanin and sell for ₱25.00 each.

a. ₱350.00
b. ₱2 000.00
c. ₱2 150.00
d. ₱2,500.0

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Good Job!!!

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 Assignment

Solve the problem below as instructed.

A hotel charges ₱ 2 500.00 a day for each room.

However, special concession is available for each
room if more than 6 rooms are rented by a group, the
rent of a room is decreased by₱500.00.

1. Compute the total rentof the room that a group has to

pay if 10 rooms are rented.
2. Find the total profit that the group earned of renting
8
rooms.

References:
Department of Education. (2016).General Mathematics Learner’s Material
First Edition. Lexicon Press Inc.

Oronce, O.A. (2016). General Mathematics. Rex Bookstore, Inc.

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 Answer key

PRE-TEST
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. C

PRACTICE TASK 1
1. ₱ 165.00
2. ₱ 80.00
3. ₱ 155.00
4. 𝑃(𝑡) = 300𝑡 − 5 000, t is the number of tapes
5. 𝑡 = 50

PRACTICE TASK 2
1. ₱ 475.00
2. ₱ 220.00
3. ₱ 600.00
4. ₱ 60.00

PRACTICE TASK 3
1. (𝑁 ∙ 𝑝)(𝑥) = 120𝑥 + 4𝑥 2
2. ₱ 416.00
3. profit function

POST TEST
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A

ASSIGNMENT

1. ₱ 20 000.00
2. ₱ 4 000. 00

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