TECHNOLOGY-BASED ART

Technology has by now invaded every aspect of modern life. It was,

therefore, inevitable that it would develop into forms and devices that could
be mass produced, mass distributed, and therefore widely accessible to
everyone. In other words, anyone with a computer device— from a desktop
PC to a laptop, to a tablet or android phone—can now capture and edit
images and videos; create, manipulate, and share works of art; and even
compose music. You can be—and probably already are—a digital artist in
your own right.

Mobile Phone Art

The mobile phone that you constantly hold has evolved from a mere
communication tool, into a creative device that allows you to generate
original works of art for an entire range of purposes. These could be
personal photographs and videos that you can manipulate with a myriad
special effects, both visual as well as sound and music. They could also be
school projects or reports that require you to combine images, incorporate
text, even include simple animation.
You are probably already familiar with the following image manipulation
programs and applications that run on today’s android devices:

 Pixlr – a powerful, free online image editor

 Pic Collage – allows you to make collages incorporating photos,
stickers, text, and frames
 Photo Grid – a downloadable application for android phones that allows
you to make collages out of images from your photo gallery
 Doodle Booth – an iPad application (with a free downloadable version)
that enables you to ‘doodle’ on your images using available stickers
 Photo Booth – an application for taking photos and videos using an
iPad or iPad mini (a version for the iPhone, called SimpleBooth, is also
available)
 Magic Mirror Booth – an iPhone application that allows you to take
amusing, distorted images, simulating camera effects
 Pic Monkey – a free online photo editing tool that provides filters,
frames, text, and effects to manipulate your images
 Flipagram – a downloadable application that allows you to ‘bring your
photos to life’ in short videos set to music of your choice
 Picsart – a free photo editor and drawing application, as well as a social
network for you to share your art with others
 Snapseed – a photo application that enables you to enhance, transform,
and share your photos; a free downloadable version for android phones
is available
 Instagram – a fast and fun way to share images with others; snap a
photo, choose from among the available filters, and share via Facebook,
Twitter, Tumblr, and more

Many more such programs and applications are constantly being

developed with even more new, exciting, and fun features and capabilities.
Digital Photography
Another means of generating an original image is to capture it first as a
digital file. In the case of today’s electronic technology, that would mean
recording the image using a digital camera or a device with a built-in
camera, like your mobile phone, android device, or tablet.
Basic Tips for Taking Good Photographs
Whether you are using a point-and-shoot camera or a DSLR, there are
basic guidelines for capturing a good quality photographic image:
1. Choose a good location. An interesting location can sometimes
make the difference between a good and a great photo.
2. Check that the available background is relatively simple and not too
cluttered, so that the focus will be on your chosen subject.
3. Natural light in the outdoors or near a window is usually the most
flattering or effective for any kind of subject. Ideally, the best light
for photos is within the first hour after sunrise and the last hour
before sunset.
4. Avoid taking shots facing the light, as this would make your subject
back-lit and most of the details would be lost in shadow.
5. If you intend to take a posed shot, position your subject where you
want in relation to the location, background, and source of light.
6. If you intend to take a candid shot, position yourself where you can
capture the most interesting, amusing, touching, or engaging
moment or expression.
7. Take a variety of shots—ranging from far shots showing the
surroundings, to medium-distance shots concentrating on the main
subject, to tight or close-up shots that focus on details of the
subject. You can then choose from among all these for the best
photo or photos.
Video Games
For today’s younger generation that grew up in a digital world, even
entertainment now comes courtesy of computer devices.
Digital Painting
Digital painting is a method of creating an artwork using a computer. This
is, however, different from the image generating devices and programs
discussed above, which create, modify, store, and share images entirely on
a laptop, tablet, or android phone.
Digital painting also refers to a technique using a graphics software
program to create an artwork that is totally virtual.
Video Technology / Imaging Videos
 Social media purposes - Another tremendously powerful and
innovative field that digital technology has revolutionized is that of
creating and presenting videos. The explosion of social media in recent
decades has provided a new platform for video materials targeting the
“netizens” of today. Not only are there online advertisements that
continuously bombard the users’ computer screens and mobile phone
displays. But there are also millions of personally produced videos that
are constantly uploaded to online platforms like You Tube—from music,
dance, and stage performances to tutorials of all kinds to recipes to
documentaries to news clips to marriage proposals.
Again, the digital technology to capture and edit such videos is contained
right in your tablets and android phones. And just as with the still images
discussed above, the raw video clips can be enhanced and modified with a
myriad of effects depending on the particular video application you have
installed in your device.
 Medical/scientific purposes – Another extremely valuable use of
today’s video technology is that of imaging videos in the fields of
medicine and science. You may be familiar with Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI), Computerized Tomography (CT scans), and the like
which are used to create and record visual images of a patient’s internal
anatomy in order to diagnose and treat diseases and injuries. There are
also ultrasound tests or sonograms, which translate sound waves
bouncing off physical objects into images that can be studied—whether
a baby developing in the womb (in 2D, 3D, and 4D options), growths or
malformations inside the body, structural flaws in buildings, as well as
objects in outer space, underground, and deep in the ocean.
LESSON 7
PHYSICAL EDUCATION: VOLLEYBALL AND BASEBALL

Overview:
Active participation in physical activity is one of the most effective ways of
achieving and/or maintaining one’s good physiques. In this lesson, the students will
know more on Volleyball and Baseball Team Sports and apply its basic skills as one of
their active participation in physical fitness activities.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this lesson, the students can:
1. identify and perform the basic skills of Volleyball and Baseball; and
2. share their thoughts or piece of advice on the importance of team sports in fitness.

Materials needed:
 Module
 Ball
 Pen and paper
 Duration: 6 hours

Learning Content:
VOLLEYBALL
Nature and Background of Volleyball
This is a game wherein two teams volley the ball in the air back and forth over the net.
The object is to force the opposing team either to final to return the ball successfully or
paly the ball illegally.
The game volleyball is one of the team sports that can be played either in indoors or
outdoors. It is played by two opposing teams of six players each on a court with the
objective of landing the ball into the opponent’s court to gain a point or a score.
The game has set of rules that should be followed for you to progress in the game and
to win it. In order to win the game, a team should reach 25 points with a minimum lead
of two points in three to five sets.
In case of both teams reach 24 points, the game continues until a two-point lead is
achieved.
Facilities and Equipment
1. The playing court
The playing area includes the playing court and the free zone. A playing court is
a rectangular shape of 18 meters in length and 9 meters in width surrounded by free
zone of at least 3 meters wide. The court is divided into two, each half to be occupied by
a team during the game.

Parts of the volleyball court:

a. Center line – it divides the playing court into two equal courts of 9 meters by 9
meters each.
b. Attack line – it is the front partition of the playing court from the attack line to the
center line. The area between the center line and the attack line is the front zone.
c. Back zone – it is the second partition of the playing court from the attack line to the
end line measuring 6 meters long and where back row players are positioned.
 d. Service zone – it is the 9-meter wide area behind each end line.

2. The Ball
The ball is a spherical shape of flexible leather or synthetic
leather with a bladder inside made up of rubber or similar
material. Its circumference is 65-67 cm (26 inches) and
weighs about 260-280 grams.

3. The Net and Post

The two posts are place vertically along the centreline, to which the net is tied. Two
antennas, 9 meters apart and 80 cm each in height, are attached to the net. The height
of the net on its top is 2.43 m for men and 2.24 for women.
Basic Skills in Volleyball
1. Serve – the act of putting the ball in play by hitting the ball toward the opponent’s
courtside. These are the types of services:
 Underhand Serve – the act of serving the ball by hitting it below the waist level
instead of tossing it up and striking over the head level.
 Overhead serve – the act of serving the ball by tossing it overhead and striking it
above the head level.
2. Pass – an attempt to properly handle the opponent’s service or attack. It is called
reception.
3. Dig – the ability of stopping the ball from touching the court’s ground after an attack
or strike.
4. Block – the act of preventing the opponent’s attempt to attack or strike.
5. Set – the act of putting the ball into a position that the attacker can strike the ball
hard toward the opponent’s court.
6. Attack – the act of striking the ball hard overhead just above the net. This is the
common way of getting a score in the game volleyball.
 BASEBALL
The Baseball History
Baseball began in the eastern United States in the mid of 19th century. Through the
years, the game spread from the United States to other parts of the world. An
Englishman named Alexander Cartwright is known to have had done the most in
inventing the modern game of baseball. In the year 1845, he laid out the first set of
rules. In fact, many of the rules recorded then are still used in the game.
In the early 20th century, the focus was more on striking the home runs. George
Herman Ruth Jr ., popularly known as Babe Ruth, is a baseball player born on February
6, 1895, in Baltimore, Maryland. Babe Ruth changed the path of the game with his skills
to achieve home runs. Over the course of his career, Ruth went on to break baseball's
most important slugging records, including most years leading a league in home runs,
most total bases in a season, and highest slugging percentage for a season. In all, Ruth
hit 714 home runs-a mark that stood until 1974. It was due to Babe Ruth that baseball
reached the levels of popularity. The popularity of Babe Ruth also helped in improving
the money in the game, since people just went to watch Babe Ruth in action.
Baseball is a strategic game of batting throughout the last part of the 20th century.
However, pitching and home run hitting are the baseball standards of today. Depending
on the strength of their players and their home run batters, baseball teams are either big
losers or big winners.

Nature of the Game

A baseball game is played on a large field between two teams of nine players each who
alternately play on offense (at bat) and on defense (in the field). The goal is to score
more runs than the opponent, which is accomplished by one regular trip on the four
bases that lie on the field.

Baseball Facilities and Equipment

1. Gloves
The first glove was made up of thin cloth and only covers the palm. Now, there are
different kinds of gloves.
 a. Catcher's mitt, worn by the catcher, is big, round and padded leather glove.
b. First baseman's glove is worn by the first baseman.
c. Fielding gloves are worn by the fielders.
d. Pitcher's glove is worn by the pitcher.

2. Helmets
Players are required to use protective helmets while at bat and while running the bases.
Helmets may be a single ear-flap or a double ear-flap. Catchers must wear the catcher’s
protective helmet and mask while receiving a pitch.

3. Bases
The first base used in baseball was too thick that it always hurt the players. They
replaced it with rock but players suffer from injury. Today, the bases are made of sack
filled with sand or rubber-covered bags.

4. Bat
In professional baseball, only wooden bats are allowed. The bat is a long, rounded
piece of wood, with a diameter of 2.61 inches (7 cm) at its thickest point and with a
length of not more than 42 inches (107 cm). White ash bat is used because it absorbs
shocks better than other kinds of woods.

5. Baseball
Baseball, a small, hard, round ball, is made up of cork at the center and wrapped with
layers of rubber and yarn, with two strips of white cowhide sewn together with thick red
thread to cover the ball. The ball weighs about 5 to 5.25 ounces (142 to 148.8 grams)
and measures 9 to 9.25 inches in circumference.

Did you know that in professional baseball games, players are required to wear the
appropriate uniform, identical in color, and all players' uniforms include minimal 6-inch
numbers on their backs? All players are also required to wear shoes, as much as
possible with spikes on the soles, so that they can stop and start quickly. The spikes
can be metal or synthetic rubber.

Baseball Field Diagram

The starting area of the action on the field is home plate. It is a five-sided white rubber
slab which measures 17 inches long on one side, the two adjacent sides are 8-4 2
inches, and the remaining two sides are 12 inches and set at an angle to make a point.
The other three corners of the square, in counter clockwise order from home plate, are
called first base, second base, and third base. Three canvas bags fifteen inches (38 cm)
square, not less than 3 and not more than 5 inches thick, filled with soft material, mark
the three bases. The pitcher's plate is a rectangular slab of white rubber, 24 inches by 6
inches, set 60 feet and 6 inches away from the home plate.
1. Pitching is the ability to place the game in play. It is performed by a pitcher, which is
a key player in baseball whose position is at the center of the field.

2. Good team fielding makes it hard for the opposing team to score runs, Good
fielders can throw the ball with great speed and accuracy to put out runners. They
can also catch almost any ball hit near them and race after the ball and catch it.

3. Hitting is the most entertaining part of the game. It is hard to hit a ball with a round
bat if you are positioned into a limited space and you have split second to react to a
pitched ball. A good baseball batter needs exceptional reaction time, coordination,
good hitting technique, and self-confidence.

4. Sharp aggressive base running can put a lot of pressure on the defensive team.
Good base running is about being fast and smart. Base runners can quickly judge
when to try to advance and when to stay near the base. Abase runner can win a
baseball game with one outstanding play.

EXISTING NATIONAL LAW AND REPUBLIC ACTS RELATED TO HEALTH

TRENDS, ISSUES, AND CONCERNS
 1. ANTI – CHILD PORNAGRAPHY ACT OF 2009 (RA 9775)
Pornography
This includes publication, exhibition, cinematography, indecent show, information
technology, or any representation of a person engaged in real or simulated sexual
activities. It also includes any representation of the sexual
parts of a person primarily for sexual excitement.

Child Pornography
nti-child-
y- This includes the use of a child in pornographic
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performances and materials. It also covers situations where a child is forced to do
pornographic acts.

Unlawful or Prohibited Acts under this Law

Child pornography is incurred if a person or group of persons commit one or more of
the following unlawful acts:
 To hire, employ, use, persuade, induce, or coerce a child to perform in the creation
or production of any form of child pornography;
 To produce, direct, manufacture, or create any form of child pornography;
 To publish, offer, transmit, sell, distribute, broadcast, advertise, promote, export, or
import any form of child pornography;
 To possess any form of child pornography with the intent to sell, distribute, publish,
or broadcast: Provided that possession of three or more articles of child pornography
of the same form shall be prima facie evidence of the intent to sell, distribute,
publish, or broadcast;
 To knowingly, willfully, and intentionally provide a venue for the commission of
prohibited acts such as, but not limited to dens, private rooms, cubicles, cinemas,
houses, or establishments purporting to be a legitimate business;
 For film distributors, theaters, and telecommunication companies, by themselves or
in cooperation with other entities, to distribute any form of child pornography;
  For a parent, legal guardian, or person having custody or control of a child to
knowingly permit the child to engage, participate, or assist in any form of child
pornography;
 To engage in the luring or grooming of a child;
 To engage in pandering of any form of child pornography;
 To willfully access any form of child pornography;
 To conspire to commit any of the prohibited acts stated in this section. Conspiracy to
commit any form of child pornography shall be committed when two or more persons
come to an agreement concerning the commission of any of the said prohibited acts
and decide to commit it; and
 To possess any form of child pornography.
The Role of the State in Protecting Children from Pornography
The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation building. Thus, it shall
promote the welfare of children and protect them from physical, emotional, moral, and
spiritual harm and injury.

2. CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT OF 2012 (RA 10175)

It is a law which is aimed at addressing legal
issues concerning online interactions and the Internet
in the Philippines. It is the first law in the Philippines
which specifically criminalizes computer crime.
Among the cybercrime offenses included in the bill
yber-crime-
are cybersquatting, cybersex, child pornography, identity theft, and illegal access to
of-2012
e.net data and libel.
Cybercrime Offenses
 Illegal Access - The access to the whole or any part of a computer system without
the right to do so.
 Illegal Interception - The interception made by technical means, and without right,
of any nonpublic transmission of computer data to, from, or within a computer
system including electromagnetic emissions from a computer system carrying such
computer data.
 Data Interference - The intentional or reckless alteration, damaging, deletion or
deterioration of computer data, electronic document, or electronic data message,
without right, including the introduction or transmission of viruses.

 System Interference - The intentional alteration or reckless hindering or

interference with the functioning of a computer or computer network by inputting,
transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering, or suppressing computer
data or a computer program, electronic document, or electronic data message,
without right or authority, including the introduction or transmission of viruses.

 Misuse of Devices - The use, production, sale, procurement, importation,

distribution, or otherwise making available, without right, of:

- A device, including a computer program, designed or adapted primarily for the

purpose of committing any of the offenses under this Act
- A computer password, access code, or similar data by which the whole or any
part of a computer system is capable of being accessed with intent that it be
used for the purpose of committing any of the offenses under this Act.

 Cybersquatting - The acquisition of a domain name over the Internet in bad faith to
profit, mislead, destroy reputation, and deprive others from registering the same, if
such a domain name is:
- Similar, identical, or confusingly similar to an existing trademark registered with
the appropriate government agency at the time of the domain name registration;
- Identical or in any way similar with the name of a person other than the
registrant, in case of a personal name; and
- Acquired without right or with intellectual property interests in it.

 Computer-related Offenses
 Computer-related Forgery - The input, alteration, or deletion of any computer
data without right resulting in inauthentic data with the intent that it be considered
or acted upon for legal purposes as if it were authentic, regardless whether or not
the data are directly readable and intelligible; of or computer-related the act of
knowingly forgery using as defined computer herein,data which are the product
for the purpose of perpetuating a fraudulent or dishonest design.

 Computer-related Fraud - The unauthorized input, alteration, or deletion of

computer data or program or interference in the functioning of a computer
system, causing damage thereby with fraudulent intent: Provided that if no
damage has yet been caused, the penalty imposable shall be one (1) degree
lower.

 Computer-related Identity Theft - The intentional acquisition, use, misuse,

transfer, possession, alteration, or deletion of identifying information belonging to
another, whether natural or juridical, without right: Provided that if no damage
has yet been caused, the penalty imposable shall be one (1) degree lower.
  Content-related Offenses
 Cybersex - The willful engagement, maintenance, control, or operation, directly
or indirectly, of any lascivious exhibition of sexual organs or sexual activity, with
the aid of a computer system for favor or consideration.

 Child Pornography

 Unsolicited Commercial Communications - The transmission of commercial

electronic communications with the use of computer system which seek to
advertise, sell, or offer for sale products and services is prohibited unless:
- There is prior consent from the recipient;
- The primary intent of the communication is for service and/or
administrative announcements from the sender to its existing users,
subscribers, or customers; or

 Libel - The unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as defined in Article 355 of the
Revised Penal Code, as amended, committed through a computer system or any
other similar means which may be devised in the future.

Government Agencies that are Tasked to Enforce and Implement the Law
 National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) and the Philippine National Police (PNP)
are responsible for the implementation of the provisions of this Act.

 The Department of Justice (DOJ) is responsible for assisting in investigations or

proceedings concerning criminal offenses related to computer systems or data.

3. DANGEROUS DRUG ACT OF 2002 (RA 9165)

After the election of President Rodrigo Roa
Duterte in 2016, there has been very strict
implementation on the law on dangerous drugs by
government officials and police officers. The reason

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for this is, according to the president, to protect all Filipino, Filipino families, and the
future of the young generation of Filipinos.

What is the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 (RA 9165)?

The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 is a policy imposed by the
government to deal with the state's problem with illegal drugs, particularly how it affects
the youth. Many experts in the field of law said that this Dangerous Drugs Act is one
that needs to be taken seriously especially by young people. This is because teenagers
still lack the maturity and discernment on the importance of following laws of the
country.

This law has to be taken seriously because it does not allow plea bargaining.
This means that once an offender is caught, he or she could not make an arrangement
with a prosecutor. With this, the defendant or the accused could not plead guilty to a
lesser charge. He or she could not avoid a criminal trial. To make things worse, the
probation law is not allowed for those who violate this national law on dangerous drugs
or RA 9165.

What does this law cover?

The policy covers drug-related situations such as trafficking, possession, using, and
even the rehabilitation of previous drug users. Some details of these drug-related
situations are as follows:
1. Introducing a dangerous drug into a person's body by injection, inhalation, or any
other method. The exception is if it is done by a licensed practitioner (doctor, nurse,
etc.) for medication purposes.

2. Passing a dangerous drug to another. It may be done personally or using another

person or means.

3. Giving away or selling dangerous drugs.

 4. Illegal trafficking, delivery, administration, dispensation, manufacture, sale, trading,
transportation, distribution, importation, export and possession of any dangerous
drug, and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical.

5. Trading - Transactions involving the illegal trafficking of dangerous drugs and/or

controlled precursors and essential chemicals using electronic devices.

6. Protector/Coddler - Any person who knowingly and wilfully consents to the

violations of the Dangerous Drugs Act and uses his/her power, influence, or position
to shield, harbor, screen, or facilitate the escape of any person he/she knows,
suspects, or has reason to believe has violated the Dangerous Drugs Act in order to
prevent the violator from being arrested, prosecuted, and/or convicted.

7. Pusher - Any person who sells, trades, administers, dispenses, gives away on
whatever terms, distributes, dispatches in transit, transports dangerous
drugs, or acts as a broker in any transaction that violates the Dangerous Drugs Act.

The penalty for any of the given situations ranges from 6 months for possession of drug
paraphernalia to life sentence or even death sentence for maintaining a drug den.

This law also includes the following:

 Fast destruction of dangerous drugs that are seized
 Punishment for policemen and law enforcers who delay drug cases
 Mandatory drug test for drivers
 Random drug tests for students and government and private workers
 Compulsory education on dangerous drugs in all school levels

Why should this law be obeyed?

 This law protects the integrity of all Filipinos from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs
on their physical and mental well-being.
 It pursues a serious and an intensive campaign against the trafficking and use of
dangerous drugs and other similar substances.

 It makes sure that people with legitimate medical needs including the use of dangerous
drugs are not adversely affected by this program.

 It provides effective mechanisms or measures to reintegrate into society individuals who

have fallen victims to drug abuse or dangerous drug dependence through sustainable
programs of treatment and rehabilitation.