Speech Language Impairment 2

What's inside?
Causes
Characteristics
Prevention
Current Trends Speech and Language
Effects on Adolescents
Effects on Adults
Instructional Strategies
Impairment
Causes of Speech or Language Impairment
What is a Speech or and other neuromuscular

Language Impairment? disorders, severe head
injuries, stroke, viral
“A communication disorder diseases, certain drugs,
such as stuttering, impaired physical impairments such
articulation, a language as cleft lip or palate, and

inadequate speech and
impairment, or a voice Speech and language language models in the
impairment that adversely disorders refer to problems home environment.
in communication and
affects a child’s educational related areas such as oral Most voice abnormalities
performance.” motor function.
in children are caused by
frequent throat clearing,
Some causes of speech and
language disorders include coughing, shouting, or
hearing loss, neurological yelling. Abuse may induce
disorders, brain injury, vocal cord inflammation
mental retardation, drug or nodules and polyps.
abuse, physical impairments Smoking, allergies, and
such as cleft lip or palate, alcohol may also damage
and vocal abuse or misuse. the larynx (vocal cords)
Frequently, however, the and cause voice disorders.
cause is unknown.
Some of the causes of

speech and language
disorders are related to
hearing loss, short memory
span, cerebral palsy
Characteristics of Speech and Language - Characteristics of Speech and Language -
Speech Impairments
Language Impairments
Speech Impairments Articulation disorders are errors in the

production of speech sounds that may be related to Five basic areas of language
anatomical or physiological limitations in the skeletal, impairments:
muscular, or neuromuscular support for speech production. Phonological disorders are
These disorders include Omissions, Substitutions, and defined as the abnormal
Distortions. organization of the
phonological system, or a
Fluency disorders are difficulties with the rhythm and timing significant deficit in speech
of speech characterized by hesitations, repetitions, or production or perception.
prolongations of sounds, syllables, words, or phrases. Common
fluency disorders include: Morphological disorders are defined as difficulties with
morphological inflections (inflections on nouns, verbs, and
1. Stuttering: rapid-fire repetitions of consonant or vowel adjectives that signal different kinds of meanings).
sounds especially at the beginning of words, Semantic disorders are characterized by poor vocabulary
prolongations, hesitations, development, inappropriate use of word meanings,
interjections, and complete and/or inability to comprehend word meanings.
verbal blocks Syntactic deficits are characterized by difficulty in
2.Cluttering: excessively fast and acquiring the rules that govern word order and others
jerky speech. aspects of grammar such as subject-verb agreement.
Voice disorders are problems with Typically, these students produce shorter and less
the quality or use of one's voice elaborate sentences with fewer cohesive conjunctions
resulting from disorders in the than their peers.
larynx. Voice disorders are Pragmatic difficulties are characterized as problems in
characterized by abnormal understanding and using language in different social
production and/or absences of contexts. These students may lack an understanding of the
vocal quality, pitch, loudness, rules for making eye contact, respecting personal space,
resonance, and/or duration. requesting information, and introducing topics.
Current Trends
The use of technology in assisting students
with Speech and Language Impairments is
increasing, and students are able to be
included in general education settings
with the use of these technologies..
Effects of Disability
on Adolescents
1. Talk, read, and play with your child every day. Students with language deficits are at higher
2. Children learn sounds and words by hearing risk for antisocial behaviors, behavior
and seeing them. problems, emotional disabilities; students
3. Take care of your child’s teeth and mouth. may have difficulty forming relationships due
to their speech/language difficulties.
4. Have your child’s hearing checked.
5. Have your child’s speech screened at a local
clinic or school. Effects of Disability
6. Give your child time to talk. on Adults
7. Try not to interrupt your child while he or she is
speaking. Adults may have a difficult time
8. Don’t drink or use drugs while you are pregnant communicating in public due to their
speech/language impairment-this may cause
9. Be sure that your child uses a helmet and seat
lack of employment due to social issues, and
belt to prevent accidents that cause brain injury
adults can work with speech language
pathologists to help remedy these issues. As
students, transition plans should be put into
place to help them to transition to adulthood
with a speech or language impairment.
Instructional Strategies
Speech-language pathologists provide a variety of professional
The general education teacher should work with the
services aimed at helping people develop effective
speech-language pathologist to incorporate strategies to
communication skills. These services may include:
help the student generalize strategies mastered in speech
therapy. The general education and special education
teacher should both collaborate with the speech-
1. Helping children with articulation disorders to learn proper language pathologist for interventions and teaching
production of speech sounds strategies.
2. Helping children who stutter to speak more fluently -

Assisting children with voice disorders to improve their voice
quality
1.
3. Helping individuals with aphasia to relearn speech and

language skills
4. Assisting individuals who have difficulty swallowing as a

result of illness, surgery, stroke, or injury
5. Evaluating, selecting, and developing augmentative and

alternative communication systems
SOURCES
http://projectidealonline.org/speechLa
nguageImpairments.php
http://www.napcse.org/exceptionalch
ildren/speechandlanguageimpairment
s.php
http://www.asha.org/uploadedFiles/P
reventingSpeechandLanguageDisord
ers.pdf
Allison Middleton. (n.d.). Speech or
Language Impairment Brochure for
Parents and Teachers.
GROUP 3

BIAGTAN, Jesica
CRUZ, Roselle
DE GUZMAN, Lyka Mae
NICOLAS, Maria Angeli

Speech Language Impairment 2

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What's inside?

What is a Speech or and other neuromuscular

articulation, a language as cleft lip or palate, and

Some of the causes of

Speech Impairments Articulation disorders are errors in the

2. Helping children who stutter to speak more fluently -

3. Helping individuals with aphasia to relearn speech and

4. Assisting individuals who have difficulty swallowing as a

5. Evaluating, selecting, and developing augmentative and

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