GROUP 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY

Name: Marry Ellen M. Villegas

Topic: Photography and Definition
Content:

What is Photography?

Photography is the art or process of

producing images by the action of radiant
energy and especially light on a sensitive
surface.

The word Photography literally means ‘drawing

with light’, which derives from the Greek photo,
meaning light and graph, meaning to draw. So
photograph literally means to draw with light, or a
drawing made with light.

Photography is the process of recording an

image – a photograph – on lightsensitive film
or, in the case of digital photography, via a
digital electronic or magnetic memory.
I. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
1. What is photography?
ANSWER: Photography is the art or process of producing images by the
action of radiant energy and especially light on a sensitive surface.

2. What does the word photography mean?

ANSWER: The word Photography literally means ‘drawing with light’,
which derives from the Greek photo, meaning light and graph, meaning to
draw. So photograph literally means to draw with light, or a drawing made
with light.

II. Write True if the statement is true. Write False if the statement is wrong and
correct the word that makes the statement false.

3. Photography is the art or process of producing images by the action of radiant

energy and especially light on a sensitive surface. (TRUE)

4. Photography literally means "capturing with light". (FALSE, DRAWING WITH

LIGHT)

5. Photography is not the process of recording an image. (FALSE)

 GROUP 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Vivian Lyne Lirazan
Topic: History of Photography in the Philippines

Content:

Western photographers, mostly from Europe, were the pioneers of photography in the
Philippines. From the 1840s to the 1890s, the practice of taking photographs and the
establishment of the first photo studios in the Spanish Philippines were motivated by the
following factors: photographs were used as a medium of news and information about the
colony, as a tool for tourism, as an instrument for anthropology, as a means of asserting social
status, as an implement for historical documentation, as a device for communication, as
propaganda materials, and as a source of ideas. The practice of photography in the Philippines
was not without Western-art concepts' influence and influx into the colonized archipelago.

Commercial photography

The beginnings of photography in the Philippines date back to the 1840s with two preserved
daguerreotypes.
 The daguerreotype was the first commercially successful photographic process (1839-
1860) in the history of photography. Named after the inventor, Louis Jacques Mandé
Daguerre, each daguerreotype is a unique image on a silvered copper plate.

Landscape photography

The first evidence of the use of photography in the Philippine panorama as the basis for
illustrations in printed publications, such as magazines and travel guides, was in the 1875 book
by Fedor Jagor.

QUESTIONS:
1. Who were the pioneers of photography in the Philippines? WESTERN PHOTOGRAPHERS
2. Where is the practice of taking photographs and the establishment of the first photo studio ?
ANS: SPANISH PHILIPPINES
3. What was the first commercially successful photographic process in the history of
photography? ANS: THE DAGUERREOTYPE
4. How many preserved daguerreotypes in the Philippines date back to the 1840s?
ANS: TWO (2) DAGUERREOTYPE
5. What was first evidence of the use of photography in the Philippine panorama as the basis for
illustrations in printed publications, such as magazines and travel guides?
ANS: LANDSCAPE PHOTOGRAPHY

Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Mark Paul Nimrod G. Bueno
Topic: Basic Concept of Photography
Content:

There are several basic concepts of photography that are essential to know before you
start shooting your own photos. Without knowing the terms and definitions you can’t get the best
out of your camera.

This introduction will introduce the terms (i) focal length, (ii) aperture, (iii) depth of
field, (iv) shutter speed and (v) ISO sensitivity.

i) Focal length

The focal length is basically the distance between a single optical lens and the focal
point, where the light rays meet each other. This is not necessarily the length of the camera’s lens
nowadays. In the end the focal length directly influences the picture detail. The greater the focal
length the narrower the angle of view and the picture detail. In other words: Increasing the focal
length increases the magnification.

Example:

Focal length: 30 mm Focal length: 200 mm

ii) Aperture

The aperture is a hole through which light travels and which controls the amount of
light that enters the camera. The lenses usually contain several thin plates that can be opened or
closed which changes the size of the aperture and therefore the amount of light. The impact on
the photo is shown in the brightness and the depth of field.
Example:

iii) Depth of field

The depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects in a
scene that appear sharp in the photo. The more away objects are from the point you focussed on,
the more blurred the objects are.

Example:

low DOF high

DOF

iv) Shutter Speed

Shutter speed is the name describing the time the shutter is opened to take a picture.
Like the aperture it controls the brightness of a photo. A faster shutter speed means less light is
entering the lens and vice versa. This can be useful when shooting fast moving objects like
athletes, driving cars or running water. A high/slow shutter speed, e.g. 2 seconds, usually leads to
blurred photos, but might be useful in dark situation or to avoid the the “freezing effect” for
running water.
Example:

Shutter speed: 1/640s Shutter speed: 4.0s

(The water seems to be frozen) (The water seems to be flowing)

v) ISO sensitivity

It defines how sensitive the camera sensor is to light. With the same amount of available
light, the higher the ISO sensitivity is, the more light will be captured by the sensor. The more
sensitive the sensor becomes, the more image noise it creates. Dependent on your artistic
preferences, you may consider noise problematic or desirable.

Example:

Low ISO High ISO

ARE THESE THE ONLY PHOTOGRAPHY CONCEPTS?

Absolutely not!
There's a ton of other concepts to explore. These are just the ones I believe everyone should
always include in their development.

Photography is wonderfully diverse. It's what makes it so much fun. You'll never stop learning.
Even if you get to the point where you believe you've mastered the five areas outlined.

Questions:
1) It defines how sensitive the camera sensor is to light.
Answer: ISO sensitive

2) Is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects in a scene that appear sharp in the
photo.
Answer: Depth of field

3) The greater the ____ the narrower the angle of view and the picture detail.
Answer: Focal length

4) It is a hole through which light travels and which controls the amount of light that enters the
camera.
Answer: Aperture

5.) It is the name describing the time the shutter is opened to take a picture.
Answer: Shutter Speed

6.) It is basically the distance between a single optical lens and the focal point, where the light
rays meet each other.
Answer: Focal Length

7.) The lenses usually contain several thin plates that can be opened or closed which changes the
size of the __ and therefore the amount of light.
Answer: Aperture

8.) The more away objects are from the point you focussed on, the more blurred the objects are.
Answer: Depth of Field

9.) This can be useful when shooting fast moving objects like athletes, driving cars or running
water.
Answer: Shutter Speed

10.) The more sensitive the sensor becomes, the more image noise it creates.
Answer: ISO sensitive
 Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Chrikzen Fleer M. Tanudtanud
Topic: 7 Rules of Photography
Content:

1. RULE OF THIRDS
Placing your subject directly in the center of
the frame is one of the most frequent
mistakes made by novice photographers. No
matter how adorable your subject is, if you
do this a lot, you'll end up with a lot of static
and dull pictures. Applying the Rule of
Thirds is the most effective technique to
correct this error. Consider dividing your
shot into nine identical rectangles. Choose
one of the four spots where the rectangles converge to place your subject there. In other
words, adjust your shot so that your subject is slightly off-center. By following this
technique, your images will almost immediately gain balance and excitement. But we
must caution you. The law of thirds is not usually appreciated by the general public, so be
ready for your viewers to ask why the photo is off-center.

2. SIMPLIFY
Clear your background before taking a picture to get clean,
elegant pictures that keep the attention on your subject.
Although you can always eliminate toys, tree limbs, and other
objects from your images after the fact, it's much simpler to get
rid of them up front. This does not imply that you must stick to
simple backgrounds. As long as you are using a big aperture
(f/4 or lower), textures, patterns, gardens, and other "busy"
backgrounds can produce lovely bokeh (the blurred effect you
see in many professional photographs).

3. FILL THE FRAME

Too much white space in a picture can occasionally make
your main character appear smaller than you'd want. Of
course, this can be useful if you're attempting to capture
how small your child is in relation to a specific person or
object. On the other hand, don't be hesitant to "fill the
frame" or zoom in close on your subject.
 4. FRAMING
Search for natural ways to frame your main subject as you take
photos. Buildings, fences, tree branches, and people all make
excellent frames. To give your images more visual interest,
utilize frames inside frames and other creative techniques.

5. LEADING LINES
You can utilize lines in your photographs to direct
viewers' attention to the focal point of the image.
Walls, mountain ranges, windows, fences, buildings,
telephone wires, and roadways are all lined with lines.

6. SPACE
We advised you to "fill the frame" just a few rutes ago,
and now we're going to urge you to leave some room
in your shot. To allow viewers to visualize your
subject moving, leave some space in front of moving
individuals or objects in your photograph.

7. KEEP HORIZONS STRAIGHT

Make sure to maintain a straight horizontal line in
your shot if one exists. Anyone who views the image
will worry if your children are falling if you don't do
this. A tilted shot doesn't result in a more artistic
picture.

BREAK THE RULES

The fact that there are no rules is actually the single rule in photography. Although we
discussed seven fundamental photography rules today that can be used in nearly every
circumstance, that doesn't mean you can't ignore the rules to produce stunning photographs.
Once you start using these guidelines, you'll be astounded by how applicable most of them are.
You'll immediately understand why certain images "work" and others are nothing more than a
snapshot in addition to seeing the rules everywhere.
QUESTIONS:
1. Search for natural ways to frame your main subject as you take photos.
ANSWER: FRAMING

2. To allow viewers to visualize your subject moving, leave some space in front of moving
individuals or objects in your photograph.
ANSWER: SPACE

3. You can utilize lines in your photographs to direct viewers' attention to the focal point of
the image.
ANSWER: LEADING LINES

4. Make sure to maintain a straight horizontal line in your shot if one exists.
ANSWER: MAKE HORIZONS STRAIGHT

5. Too much white space in a picture can occasionally make your main character appear
smaller than you'd want.
ANSWER: FILL THE FRAME

6. Placing your subject directly in the center of the frame is one of the most frequent
mistakes made by novice photographers.
ANSWER: RULE OF THIRDS

7. Clear your background before taking a picture to get clean, elegant pictures that keep the
attention on your subject.
ANSWER: SIMPLIFY

8. One of a set of explicit or understood regulations or principles governing conduct within

a particular activity or sphere.
ANSWER: RULES

9. The art or practice of taking and processing photographs.

ANSWER: PHOTOGRAPHY

10. A general rule, principle, or piece of advice.

ANSWER: GUIDELINES
 Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Joshua Laurence A. Segismar
Topic: Nature Photography
Content:
ONE OF THE TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHY IS:

THE NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY

PHOTOGRAPHS PROVIDE US THE CHANCE TO SEE SCENERY, LOCATIONS, OR

OBJECTS THAT WE MIGHT OTHERWISE NEVER SEE IN PERSON.

NATURE CAN BE CAPTURED IN ITS PURE FORM

PHOTOGRAPHS OF LANDSCAPES OFTEN SHOW THE PRESENCE OF NATURE, BUT

THEY CAN ALSO CONCENTRATE ON ARTIFICIAL ELEMENTS OR CHANGES TO THE
NATURAL LANDSCAPE. THERE ARE SEVERAL REASONS WHY PEOPLE TAKE PICTURES OF
LANDSCAPES. RECALLING A PARTICULAR VIEW OR EXPERIENCE FROM THE OUTDOORS,
PARTICULARLY WHEN TRAVELING, IS PERHAPS THE MOST TYPICAL.

EX:

THE CREATION OF NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY

RICHARD AND CHERRY KEARTON

WORKING IN THE 1890S,

WERE POSSIBLY THE WORLD'S
FIRST PROFESSIONAL WILDLIFE
PHOTOGRAPHERS. THE
BROTHERS' PIONEERING PHOTOS
INCLUDE THE FIRST SHOT OF A
BIRD'S NEST WITH EGGS AND
THE FIRST MASAI LION HUNT.
ONE OF THEIR WORKS

QUESTIONS:

1. A TYPE OF PHOTOGRAPHS THAT PROVIDE US THE CHANCE TO SEE

SCENERY, LOCATIONS, OR OBJECTS THAT WE MIGHT OTHERWISE NEVER
SEE IN PERSON.
ANSWER: NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY

2. WHO CREATED THE NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY?

ANSWER: RICHARD AND CHERRY KEATON

3. WHEN WAS THE NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY CREATED?

ANSWER: THE 1890s

4. WHAT IS THE MAIN IDEA OF NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY?

ANSWER: PHOTOGRAPHS OF LANDSCAPES THAT OFTEN SHOW THE
PRESENCE OF NATURE.

5. WHAT IS THE QUOTE ABOUT THE NATURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY?

ANSWER: NATURE CAN BE CAPTURED IN ITS PURE FORM
 Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Catherine P. Castillo
Topic: Basic Concept of Photography
Content: Photographic Alteration

Photographic Alteration
A common sight at the scene of a forensic investigation is one or more photographers.
Recording the details of the scene prior to the removal of evidence is an essential step to the
subsequent reconstruction of the course of events. Whether using traditional photographic film or
the recently developed digital photographic capability, photographs can be manipulated or
altered to enhance the information.

However, as a caveat, the ability to add or remove details digitally from photographs
requires the authentication of the photographic file to ensure that the photographs produced of a
crime or accident scene, in fact, represent reality.

The camera was invented in 1839. By the next decade, photographers had already begun
to manipulate photographic images. Initially, the manipulation was part of the exploration of the
artistic potential of the new medium. Soon, the informational power of the photograph became
recognized.

The ability to produce photographs that reveal more detail than do traditional
photographs, especially at longer distances or using small cameras, has increased the information
that can be gathered.

With new technology, the ability to alter a photographic image is easier than ever before.
For example, in a traditional photograph, the difference in skin tone between a face and the neck
or shadows that point in different directions can be clues that an image has been manipulated.
However, these visual discrepancies can be eliminated in the digital image. Thus, the ability to
generate false or misleading information has become routine.
 In the days before digital technology, photo alteration was accomplished in the darkroom
during the development and printing of the photograph. In a technique called dodging, the light
shining through the photographic negative onto light-sensitive paper was obscured. Because less
light strikes the paper, that region appears lighter in the developed image. In contrast, the
technique of burning allows an increased amount of light to strike the photographic paper. The
result of burning is to make the region appear darker in the print.

The traditional techniques of dodging and burning are used to enhance or disguise aspects
of the photo. As well, details can be excluded from an image by the use of cropping, where only
the selected portion of the image is printed. Photographs can also be enlarged to selectively print
portions of the image. Enlarging cannot be done indefinitely, however, since the eventual
inability to separate the informational components of the image from one another produces a
blurry picture.

The coming of digital photography revolutionized the ability to alter photographs. The

laborious darkroom manipulations of preceding times could be accomplished by a few
commands in specialized photographic software.

In traditional photography, the reflected light from the subject enters the camera through
the lens and is focused onto the surface of a light-sensitive emulsion. The emulsion records the
image, which can be beamed onto light-sensitive photographic paper. The paper is subsequently
treated with chemicals to make the image appear. It is during this latter printing process that the
alteration of the photograph can be accomplished.

In digital photography, the reflected light that enters the camera is focused onto a chip
that is known as a charged coupling device (CCD). The surface of the CCD contains an array of
light-sensitive photo diodes. Each diode represents a pixel (the basic unit of programmable color
in a computer image). Each photo diode is hooked up to a transistor, which sends an electrical
signal (whose voltage corresponds to the light intensity that registered on the photo diode) to
another chip. The second chip converts the electrical signal to digital information—1s and 0s—
that can be interpreted by computerized photo manipulation software programs.

Colors are assigned a code sequence between 0 and 255, 0 is black and 255 reveals the
most intense shade of red possible by the software. These coded assignments are in turn
converted to sequences of 0s and 1s. Black, for example, is 00000000, while the most intense red
is 11111111. Shades in between are mixtures of the eight-digit sequence of 0s and 1s.

Digital photo manipulation involves the alteration or elimination of the digital 1s and 0s.
Changing an eight-digit sequence is trivial. When the digital information is reconstructed into an
electronic image, the result can be an altered color.
 In addition to color change, a myriad of effects are possible, including color
enhancement, elimination of regions of the image, increased contrast, correction of a blurred
image, and the merging of other images with the original image (a photographic version of the
"cut and paste" operations in word processing). Images of missing children or crime victims also
can be digitally manipulated to create an aged appearance, and have proved useful in identifying
victims years later

As digital photo manipulation software has increased in technical sophistication, and

people have become more adept at using the software, the task of detecting manipulated images
has become very challenging. Digital photographic manipulation is now so sophisticated that it
can sometimes be impossible to discern whether people or objects in a photographic were
actually there when the photo was taken. This has spurred efforts, especially in the military and
intelligence communities, to establish a system of image verification. In this regard, the United
States Air Force Research laboratory in Rome, New York, has developed a technique called
digital watermarking. Akin to the watermarking of paper currency to establish authenticity,
digital watermarking embeds an encrypted image over the actual photo image. The encrypted
image is invisible to the naked eye but can be detected by specially designed image scanners.
The lack of the digital watermark is evidence of an altered image.
 Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Photo courtesy of Philippine
Name: Hannah Lynn Marie Ando
Center of Photojournalism Topic: Photojournalism
Content:

The use of photos to tell a story is what is known as

photojournalism, it is the art of conveying stories primarily
through the use of photography. While a journalist uses a pen and
paper to tell stories, a photojournalist uses a camera to capture the
visual aspect of a story. Photojournalists tell a story that would be
difficult to capture with words alone. They can use the
photographs they show to inform the mass audience. Without
using words, a picture should be able to tell the whole tale. It is a
potent tool to capture events in time and convey information in a way that words alone cannot.
 This type of photo is used in journalism.
 There are photos that accompany narratives in the newspapers, magazines, and digital
media to give the reader a view of persons, places and event.
 Photojournalism is a combination of photography and journalism. Pictures are used to
help the readers, view what is being narrated, like in many newspapers and magazines.

Photojournalism gives a sense of authenticity and honesty

that is often lacking in other forms of journalism. Like this
image captured by The Nightcrawlers, a woman cradles the
lifeless body of her partner at a crime scene in Manila,
giving viewers a glimpse into the emotions and experiences
of those involved. The importance of investigative
reporting and the power of photojournalism, especially in
Photo courtesy of “THE
an atmosphere where these voices are being silenced.
NIGHTCRAWLERS”
The power of photojournalism to attract attention
and emphasize important issues is a further significant aspect. By capturing powerful images,
photojournalists can help raise awareness and spark conversations about important issues.
 For example, a photojournalist might document the effects
of climate change on a community, bringing attention to the
issue and inspiring action.

Mitigating effects of climate change

By CNN Philippines Staff

Quiz
I. Identification
1) It is a type of photo is used in journalism.
2) A crime scene in Manila, giving viewers a glimpse into the emotions and experiences of
those involved.
3) Tells a story that would be difficult to capture with words alone. They can use the
photographs they show to inform the mass audience.
4) Is a part of journalism who uses a pen and paper to tell stories.
5) A further significant aspect that can attract attention and emphasize important issues.

II. Complete the sentences (5pts.)

1) Photojournalism is a combination of __________ and __________.
2) There are photos that accompany narratives in the __________, __________, and
__________to give the reader a view of persons, places and event.
 Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Zhynel Jane P. Limalima

Topic: Photography and Reality

Content:

WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT “PHOTOGRAPHY” AND “REALITY”?

Behind the scene was displayed, as the image demonstrates. With the real photos that are
being shared, it is possible to observe how far the behind-the-scenes process goes. The message
in the first picture is that the young girl loves the rain, but in reality, the rain was being poured by
someone else to make it look a certain way.

This photo depicts an illusion in which the house is built on land that is in the sea, or so they
thought, because the house is actually standing on the fish. 

BY SHOWING THE TWO EXAMPLES WITH THE DESCRIPTIONS, WE CAN NOW

SAY THAT;

With the help of photography, reality can be preserved and communicated with others.
It offers a window into the world that may be studied and admired long after the moment has
passed by allowing us to freeze time and explore it in detail. But it's crucial to keep in mind that
photography is merely a reflection of reality, not reality itself.

Photographers can edit their photos using tools like cropping, altering exposure and
color, and using different lenses and filters. As a result, the final picture might not precisely
depict the scene that was really photographed.

Therefore, it's crucial to take a photograph's context and viewpoint into account when
evaluating its meaning and comprehending the reality it depicts.

One's perception of how faithfully something seems can be altered by an illusion

produced through photography. Photographers can influence the image in ways that change the
viewer's impression of reality through the use of strategies including lighting, composition, and
editing.
 For instance, a picture can be taken using a wide-angle lens to convey a sense of
grandeur and emptiness or a telephoto lens to close the distance between subjects and convey a
feeling of closeness. Photographers can further modify how a picture is viewed by the viewer by
using post-processing software to adjust an image's color, contrast, and brightness.

As a result, it is possible to alter the reality of a photographed scene by using images

to create an illusion. While this can be employed to produce strong and compelling photos, it's
crucial to keep in mind that photographs are more often than not a subjective interpretation of
reality.

Group 5 - PHOTOGRAPHY
Name: Ramijane V. Lañojan
Topic: Mobile Photography
Content:
What is Mobile Photography?
This refers to the art of capturing images using a mobile device, particularly a
smartphone. The term 'mobile photographer' mostly applies to smartphone photography
hobbyists and people who take mobile photography a bit more seriously as an art-form more than
the average person does. Simply put, it is taking photos using mobile phones. Depending on the
cellphone camera quality and image resolution, photos can be printed as big as 8"x10".

Are there ways to improve taking pictures using mobile phones?

“The best camera is the one you have with you” is a saying that’s been around for a very
long time. The advancement of better cameras in mobile phones has allowed us to take better
photos. Can you really compare and replace a DSLR Camera with a mobile phone? Not really!
BUT, You can get some really beautiful looking images straight out of your smart phones. Look
at some of the Instagram Mobile photography accounts. Many are simply stunning. Can you do
this too?

As hard as it sounds to hear the word "photography". In fact, it is much easier than
that. Anyone can take some amazing photos using some tricks and tips. Below are some tricks
and tips for your understanding:

1. Always try to take photos in natural lighting conditions:

In natural light conditions, a lot of light enters the camera
sensor. This makes the photo very bright and colorful.

2. Try to take photos with a steady hand or use a tripod:

If you try to click photos with moving hand your photos
might look dull and blurry. but when you capture photos with
a steady hand, or some case use a tripod you must get a better
result for sure.

3. Try to clean your phone's lens as per about to click:

Most people put their mobile phones either in their
pockets or purse, in this case, our phone camera lens gets
dirty over time. As a result, it produces a blurry image.

4. Try to Avoid Digital zooming in:

When we try to capture photos by using Digital zoom, we
actually lose details on your photos. So, we could try to
change positions instead of using digital zoom.

5. Try to use different perspectives:

If we capture all the photos in head-to-head to position it
might look as usual sometime. Therefore, we should try
different perspectives to add more versatile looks to our
photos.

6. Make sure to focus on one subject:

Whenever we open our smartphone to capture a photo, always
try to make focus on a soft click on the mobile screen. It
allows, focusing the subject. As a result, we will get shallow
depth of field on our images.
 7. Using Gridlines:
If you place points of interest in these intersections
or along the lines, your photo will be more
balanced, level, and allow viewers to interact with
it more naturally.

8. Play with Reflections:

There's something so idyllic about seeing the sky reflected in a
body of water. There's a reason why we love seeing that — our
eyes are drawn to reflections. So, look for opportunities to play
with them in photos.

Conclusion
Nowadays, you don’t need an expensive camera to become a photographer. All you need
is a smartphone with a good camera and some general photography guidelines. Your best camera
is the one that is always with you. For most of us, and when it comes to smartphone
photography, that means our smartphone. It is small enough to fit in your pocket and lightweight
enough it won’t break your back. Mobile photography is for snapping those precious moments.
We use it to capture the world around us. From friends and family, to travel landscapes. Not to
mention all the food we eat. Nothing is safe from the quick snap of a smartphone camera. Mobile
photography is a great way to capture anything that catches your photographer’s eye. Both
candid images and planned shots are possible.

Quiz:
Write ✓ if the statement is a tip for improving mobile photography and × if it is not.
____✓____ 1. Play with Reflections.
____✓____ 2. Try to Avoid Digital zooming in.
____×_____ 3. Don’t use different perspectives.
____×_____4. Make sure to focus on as many subjects that the camera can capture.
____×_____5. Shooting into light.
____✓____ 6. Clean your phone's lens.
____×_____7. Do not use Gridlines.
____✓____ 8. Take photos with a steady hand or use a tripod.
____×_____9. Shoot on automatic.
____✓____ 10. Always try to take photos in natural lighting conditions.