Friction and Singular Pressure Drop

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1.

- Pressure loss calculation routine, for water

Pipe nominal diameter (CS) dn 4 in


Pipe schedule sch = STD -
Pipe absolute rugosity Rabs = 0.15 mm
Kinematic viscosity n= 1.3E-06 [m²/s]
Water flow rate Q= 37.5 m³/h
Pipe lengths Lsucc = 5 m
Ldisch = 400 m

Nominal diameter data dn


Shedule data
Exterior diameter de = Pipe_Imp_CS_Dext_dn de
Espesor Tubería s = Pipe_Imp_CS_Thickness_dn_sch s
Lining thickness data slining
Interior pipe diameter di = Pipe_Imp_CS_Dint_dn_sch di
Interior diameter di = Pipe_Imp_CS di - 2*sLining Di
Di
Area A = (p/4) * di^2 A
Absolute rugosity data Rabs
Relative rugosity Rrel = Rabs / di Rrel
Extracted flow data Qextr
Volumetric flow Qi = Qi-1 - Qextr Q
Flow velocity v = Q/ A v
Reynolds Re = v * di /n Re
Friction coefficient f = Pipe_Friction_Factor_Rrel_Re f
Kinematic pressure. hv = v²/(2*g) hv
Darcy unit loss J = f*(1/d)*hv J
Section length data L
Friction pressure loss in section DPf_sect = J * L DPf_sect

Singularities
Average friction factor value fave = #VALUE!
Tee stright, STD [12] L/d = 20
Tee branch, STD (90°) [12] L/d = 60
Curve 90º (5D) [12] L/d = 15
Curve 45º(5D) [12] L/d = 7.5
Curve 90º (3D) [12] L/d = 11
Curve 45º(3D) [12] L/d = 6.4
Elbow 90° STD [12] L/d = 30
Elbow 45° STD [12] L/d = 16.0
Reduction. b = d1/d2 (Note 1) [12] b=
Expansion. b = d1/d2 (Note 1) [12] b=
Diaphragm valve (Weir K = f(dn) [6] dn =
Diaphragm valve (Thru) K = f(dn) [6] dn =
Pinch valve K = f(dn) [5] dn =
Knife valve K = f(dn) [3] dn =
Cone valve K = f(dn) [10] dn =
Ball valve K = f(dn) [1] dn =
Butterfly v. Bray 20/21 K = f(dn) [2] dn =
Butterfly v. Bray 30/31 K = f(dn) [2] dn =
Globe valve K = f(dn) [4] dn =
Angular valve (90°) K = f(dn) [9] dn =
Check valve K = f(dn) [8] dn =
Y-Filter K = f(dn) [11] dn =
Pipe inlet (r/D = 0) [12] -
Pipe outlet [12] -
Other
Other
Note 1. d2 is the largest diameter
Resu
Singular losses in sections
Singular losses in sections.
Friction losses in sections
Other losses in sections
Sum of losses in sectionsos
Suction losses
Discharge losses
Total losses

g= 9.80665 m/s²
dp_in = 3 1/2 in dp_out = 4 in Pump inlet diameter dp_in

Pump outlet diameter dp_out

dout = 4 in
din = 4

Suction Discharge
1 2 3 4 5 6
in 4 4
STD STD
mm #VALUE! #VALUE!
mm #VALUE! #VALUE!
mm 9 9
mm #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
m #VALUE! #VALUE!
m² #VALUE! #VALUE!
mm 0.15 0.15
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
m³/h 0 0
m³/h 37.5 37.5
m/s #VALUE! #VALUE!
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
m #VALUE! #VALUE!
m #VALUE! #VALUE!
m/m 5 400
m #VALUE! #VALUE!

Input the number of singularities in


d-Inlet Kinlet d-Outlet Koutlet Suction
Beta Beta 1 2 3
#VALUE! #VALUE! 1 3
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! 4 26
#VALUE! #VALUE!
0.88 #VALUE! - 1
- 1.00 #VALUE! 1
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 2 2
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 3
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 1
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 1
0.50 4 0.50 1
1.00 1.00 1

Resume of singular and frictional losses in sections. All pressure loss units in meters water column (mwc)
Ksing_section #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
DPs_section= Ksing_section*hv = DPs_section #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
DPf_section #VALUE! 0 #VALUE!
ons DPothers
DPsection = SDP DPsection #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
DPsuccion #VALUE!
DPimpulsion #VALUE!
DP = DPsuccion + DPimpulsion #VALUE! mwc

Suction pressure drop using the equivalent


length method

DP = f * (L/d) * hv
DP = K * hv

K= f * (Ls/d)
Ls = (K/f) * d

K= #VALUE! -
f= #VALUE! -
d= #VALUE! m
Ls = #VALUE! m

Leq = L + Ls
L= 5 m
Ls = #VALUE! m
Leq = #VALUE! m
DP = f * (Leq/d) * hv
f= #VALUE!
Leq = #VALUE! m
d= #VALUE! m
hv = #VALUE! m
DP = #VALUE! m
Rev. cjc.30.01.2014

Validation list
et diameter dp_in Do not delete

let diameter dp_out

the number of singularities in each section


Discharge
4 5 6 7
ers water column (mwc)
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

mwc
Function Pipe_Valve_Knife_Imp_K_dn(Dn)

'Water presure drop singular coefficient "K" across a Knife-Gate-Valve


'K: singular pressure drop coefficient
'dn: Pipe nominal diameter of a CS pipe (in)
'Ref.: http://www.sureflowequipment.com/pdf/Knife-Gate-Valves-Catalog-2008-SureFlow.pdf

Pi = 3.14159 '-

If Dn = 2 Then
k = 0.443
ElseIf Dn = 2.5 Then k = 0.498
ElseIf Dn = 3 Then k = 1.078
ElseIf Dn = 4 Then k = 1.548
ElseIf Dn = 5 Then k = 2.62
ElseIf Dn = 6 Then k = 3.643
ElseIf Dn = 8 Then k = 6.409
ElseIf Dn = 10 Then k = 7.213
ElseIf Dn = 12 Then k = 13.641
ElseIf Dn = 14 Then k = 19.18
ElseIf Dn = 16 Then k = 26.653
ElseIf Dn = 18 Then k = 33.617
ElseIf Dn = 20 Then k = 41.27
ElseIf Dn = 24 Then k = 58.308
Else
Pipe_Valve_Knife_Imp_K_dn = "N/A"
Exit Function
End If

SCH = "STD"
di = Pipe_Imp_CS_Dint_dn_sch(Dn, SCH)
dimetr = di / 1000

Ksing = Pi ^ 2 * 1620 * dimetr ^ 4 / k ^ 2

Pipe_Valve_Knife_Imp_K_dn = Ksing

End Function
2.- Pressure loss calculation routine, for slurry

Input data for pressure loss calculation routine


Pipe nominal diameter (CS) dn 4 in
Pipe schedule sch = STD -
Particle diameter d50 d50 = 145 mm
Volumetric concentration Cv = 20.10 %
Solid's specific weight SS = 2.65 -
Lining and deposition thickness slining 9 mm

Nominal diameter data dn


Shedule data
Exterior diameter de = Pipe_Imp_CS_Dext_dn de
Pipe thickness s = Pipe_Imp_CS_Thickness_dn_sch s
Lining thickness data slining
Interior diameter di = Pipe_Imp_CS_Dint_dn_sch di
di
Area A = (p/4) * di^2 A
Absolute rugosity data Rabs
Relative rugosity Rrel = Rabs / di Rrel
Extracted flow data Qextr
Volumetric flow Qi = Qi-1 - Qextr Qi = Qi-1 - Qextr Q
Flow velocity v = Q/ A v
Limit deposition velocity vL
Reynolds Re = v * di /n Re
Friction coefficient f = Pipe_Friction_Factor_Rrel_Re f
Velocity ratio v/vL
Kinematic pressure. hv = v²/(2*g) hv = v²/(2*g) hv
Darcy unit loss J = f*(1/d)*hv J = f*(1/d)*hv J
Section length data L
Friction pressure loss in section DPf_sect = J * L DPf_section

Singularidades
Valor promedio del factor de fricción fav = #VALUE!
Tee stright, STD [12] L/d = 20
Tee branch, STD (90°) [12] L/d = 60
Curve 90º (5D) [12] L/d = 15
Curve 45º(5D) [12] L/d = 7.5
Curve 90º (3D) [12] L/d = 11
Curve 45º(3D) [12] L/d = 6.4
Elbow 90° STD [12] L/d = 30
Elbow 45° STD [12] L/d = 16.0
Reduction. b = d1/d2 (Note 1) [12] b=
Expansion. b = d1/d2 (Note 1) [12] b=
Diaphragm valve (Weir K = f(dn) [6] dn =
Diaphragm valve (Thru) K = f(dn) [6] dn =
Pinch valve K = f(dn) [5] dn =
Knife valve K = f(dn) [3] dn =
Knife valve K = f(dn) [3] dn =
Cone valve K = f(dn) [10] dn =
Ball valve K = f(dn) [1] dn =
Butterfly v. Bray 20/21 K = f(dn) [2] dn =
Butterfly v. Bray 30/31 K = f(dn) [2] dn =
Globe valve K = f(dn) [4] dn =
Angular valve (90°) K = f(dn) [9] dn =
Check valve K = f(dn) [8] dn =
Y-Filter K = f(dn) [11] dn =
Pipe inlet (r/D = 0) [12]
Pipe outlet [12]
Other
Other
Note 1. d2 is the largest diameter

Resume of
Singular losses in sections
Singular losses in section
Friction losses in sections
Other losses in sections
Sum of losses in sectionsos
Suction losses
Discharge losses
Total losses

For pump selection, see "piping-tools.net":

g= 9.80665 m/s²
Pump inlet diameter dp_in

dp_in = 3 1/2
Pipe absolute rugosity Rabs = 0.15 mm
Kinematic viscosity n= 1.3E-06 [m²/s]
Water flow rate Q= 37.5 m³/h
Inlet section lenght Linlet = 5 m
Outlet sectio lenght Loutlet = 400 m din = 4
Sch = STD
0.0104297694

Suction Discharge
1 2 3 4 5 6
in 4 4
STD STD
mm #VALUE! #VALUE!
mm #VALUE! #VALUE!
mm 9 9
mm #VALUE! #VALUE!
m #VALUE! #VALUE!
m² #VALUE! #VALUE!
mm 0.15 0.15
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
m³/h 0 0
m³/h 37.5 37.5
m/s #VALUE! #VALUE!
m/s #VALUE! #VALUE!
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
- #VALUE! #VALUE!
m #VALUE! #VALUE!
m #VALUE! #VALUE!
m/m 5 400
m #VALUE! #VALUE!

Input the number of singularities in each se


Inlet Kinlet Outlet Koutlet Suction Discharg
1 2 3
#VALUE! #VALUE! 1 3
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! 4 26
#VALUE! #VALUE!
0.88 #VALUE! - 1
- 1.00 #VALUE! 1
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 1
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 2 2
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 3
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE!
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 1
4 #VALUE! 4 #VALUE! 1
0.50 0.50 1
1.00 1.00 1

Resume of singular and frictional losses en sections. All pressure loss units in meters pulp column (mpc)
Ksing_section #VALUE! 0.0 #VALUE!
DPs_tramo= Ksing_tramo*hv = DPs_section #VALUE! 0.00 #VALUE!
DPf_section #VALUE! 0.00 #VALUE!
ns DPothers
DPsection = SDP DPtramo #VALUE! 0.00 #VALUE!
DPsuccion #VALUE! mpc
DPimpulsion #VALUE!
DP = DPsuccion + DPimpulsion #VALUE! mpc

e "piping-tools.net": Pumps_Froth_Selection_Warman
Pumps_Heterogeneous_Slurries_Type_A_Warman
Pumps_Heterogeneous_Slurries_Type_A_Warman
Pumps_Slurry_Selection_Typical_Warman
Rev. cjc.30.01.2014

diameter dp_in Pump outlet diameter dp_out Validation list


Do not delete
in dp_out = 4 in

dout = 4 in
Sch = STD -
-

the number of singularities in each section


Discharge
4 5 6 7
meters pulp column (mpc)
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

mpc
[3] piping-tools.net
Pumps_Heterogeneous_Slurries_Type_A_Warman

[9] Crane Co., Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings and Pipe. Technical Paper No. 410M, 21

[10] Slurry pumping manual


Warman International Ltd.
1st edition, 2002

http://www.pumpfundamentals.com/slurry/WeirSlurryPumpingHandbook.pdf

[11] Warman Slurry Pumping Handbook - AU


Warman International Ltd.
Feb. 2000

http://www.pumpfundamentals.com/slurry/Warman_slurry_pumping.pdf
Valve references
Also, strainers and Expansion/reduction, fittings

1.- Ball valves


http://info.jamesbury.com/public/publicdocs/Docs/T120-1.pdf

2.- Butterfly valves Bray 2021


http://www.bray.com/docs/brochures/20.pdf

2.- Butterfly valves Bray 3031


http://www.bray.com/docs/brochures/30.pdf

3.- Knife valves


http://www.sureflowequipment.com/pdf/Knife-Gate-Valves-Catalog-2008-SureFlow.pdf

4.- Globe valves


http://www.fnwvalve.com/FNWValve/assets/images/PDFs/FNW/FlgGGC_tech-Cv.pdf

5.- Pinch valves


http://www.jecwoodland.com/pinch_valve_CV.html

6.- Diaphragm valves Weir type Unlined


http://www.thevalveshop.com/pdf/saunders9.pdf

6.- Diaphragm valves Weir type Lined


http://www.thevalveshop.com/pdf/saunders9.pdf

6.- Diaphragm valves Straight_Thru Unlined


http://www.thevalveshop.com/pdf/saunders17.pdf

6.- Diaphragm valves Straight_Thru Lined


http://www.thevalveshop.com/pdf/saunders17.pdf

7.- Round plug valve


http://www.gaindustries.com/MProducts/Bulletins/EccentricPlugValves/GAI_PV517.pdf

7.- Rectangular plug valve


http://www.gaindustries.com/MProducts/Bulletins/EccentricPlugValves/GAI_PV517.pdf

8.- Check valves


http://www.acuster.com/files/documentos/FC-69-PVV-10_es.pdf

9.- Angle valves


http://www.controlvalves.com/series/125/125_sizing.html

10.- Cone valve


http://www.detroitcontracting.com/documents/Cone-Valve-1.pdf

11.- Strainers
http://www.coltonind.com/file_library/products/33_STR990-1_Pressure%20Drop%20Data%20Y.pdf

12.- Expansion/reduction, fittings


Crane A-46 [1]
al Paper No. 410M, 21st printing. Crane Co., 300 Park Ave., New York (1982).   
ureFlow.pdf

_PV517.pdf

_PV517.pdf
0Drop%20Data%20Y.pdf

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