Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 18 views

    Transmission Model

    Uploaded by

    Shana Villamor
    Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver published their transmission model of communication in 1948, envisioning a linear process where a sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to a receiver who decodes it. Paul Watzlawick built on this in 1967 with the transactional model, which views communication as an interactive process where people are both senders and receivers giving and receiving feedback simultaneously. Robert Craig further developed this in 1999 with the constitutive model, arguing that communication is the primary social process that creates social structures and realities rather than just expressing them.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Transmission Model

    Uploaded by

    Shana Villamor
    18 views2 pages
    Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver published their transmission model of communication in 1948, envisioning a linear process where a sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to a receiver who decodes it. Paul Watzlawick built on this in 1967 with the transactional model, which views communication as an interactive process where people are both senders and receivers giving and receiving feedback simultaneously. Robert Craig further developed this in 1999 with the constitutive model, arguing that communication is the primary social process that creates social structures and realities rather than just expressing them.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver published their transmission model of communication in 1948, envisioning a linear process where a sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to a receiver who decodes it. Paul Watzlawick built on this in 1967 with the transactional model, which views communication as an interactive process where people are both senders and receivers giving and receiving feedback simultaneously. Robert Craig further developed this in 1999 with the constitutive model, arguing that communication is the primary social process that creates social structures and realities rather than just expressing them.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    18 views2 pages

    Transmission Model

    Uploaded by

    Shana Villamor
    Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver published their transmission model of communication in 1948, envisioning a linear process where a sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to a receiver who decodes it. Paul Watzlawick built on this in 1967 with the transactional model, which views communication as an interactive process where people are both senders and receivers giving and receiving feedback simultaneously. Robert Craig further developed this in 1999 with the constitutive model, arguing that communication is the primary social process that creates social structures and realities rather than just expressing them.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Transmission Model

    Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver published an article explaining this model in 1948 while working at
    Bell Telephone Laboratories so their approach showed the technological angle on their thoughts. They
    envisioned a sender or source of information, who encodes a message, then transmits that message
    through a channel then decoded on the other end and received by a receiver. This model is reminiscent
    of the phone system. To give an example of this, a husband sends his wife a voicemail that says he
    would like to buy a car. The message arrived in wife’s voicemail box after going through the
    communication system, she then listens to the message. Noise, however, is another part of this model;
    this might interfere with the message at any point along the way maybe in the decoding and the
    receiving of the message that might complicate the communication process. An example of this would
    be a garbled message because of some static in the line. This is a linear or one way model because it
    does not need any feedback, communication successfully occurred when a message has been sent and
    received.

    Transactional Model

    Paul Watzlawick and his colleagues built this model in 1967 looking at the interactional features of
    communication, this is also called the interactional model. It has key differences with of Shannon
    Weaver’s one-way linear model: they don't believe that meaning is contained in the words instead they
    think meaning is in people. For example, understanding other people, we have to work toward that
    through communication. This model integrates nonverbal communication and feedback because people
    are both senders and receivers at the same time. A metaphor of this would be dancing with a partner,
    one learns the step from the other as they go simultaneously giving them similar understanding for what
    they are trying to dance. This is the same with our conversations with others, through a back-and-forth
    discussion we are making shared agreements. Moreover, the contextual features also influence and
    shape the communication process—for example, communication in a work setting and in a private one-
    one-one setting has a very different interaction. According to the transactional model, we also arrive at
    these interactions with what we call a field of experience that states each communicator has attitudes
    beliefs values and psychological influences that shape and form interpretation of our messages.

    Constitutive model

    Robert Craig warden an article in the journal called the constitutive theory of communication in 1999
    explaining that communication is constituted. It is the central activity in our lives that creates all other
    social forces in society, says Craig. He also states that communication is no secondary phenomenon that
    can be explained by antecedent psychological, sociological, cultural or economic factors, rather
    communication itself is the primary constitutive social process that explains all these factors.
    Communication is not a mere tool for expressing social reality but also a means of creating it, according
    to Manning who had the same view with Craig. For example, the concrete buildings and the brands that
    we all know didn't already exist, they are the result of ongoing communication. If we stopped interacting
    or communicating life and organization would grind to a complete halt. To conclude, the economics, the
    social structures, the psychological features of our social world were established in the first place by
    communication processes. So, communication constituted or formed our society, our relationships, and
    our lives.

    You might also like