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    Poetic Devices11

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    Naaya J
    The document summarizes key poetic devices used in several poems: 1. The first poem, "My Mother at Sixty-Six" uses enjambment, alliteration, consonance, assonance, similes, personification, metaphors, and tautology. 2. The second poem, "Keeping Quiet" uses alliteration, repetition, symbolism, antithesis, personification, and enjambment. 3. The third poem, "A Thing of Beauty" uses metaphors, alliteration, anaphora, imagery, inversion, and antithesis.

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    Poetic Devices11

    Uploaded by

    Naaya J
    59 views4 pages
    The document summarizes key poetic devices used in several poems: 1. The first poem, "My Mother at Sixty-Six" uses enjambment, alliteration, consonance, assonance, similes, personification, metaphors, and tautology. 2. The second poem, "Keeping Quiet" uses alliteration, repetition, symbolism, antithesis, personification, and enjambment. 3. The third poem, "A Thing of Beauty" uses metaphors, alliteration, anaphora, imagery, inversion, and antithesis.

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    Poetic devices11

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    The document summarizes key poetic devices used in several poems: 1. The first poem, "My Mother at Sixty-Six" uses enjambment, alliteration, consonance, assonance, similes, personification, metaphors, and tautology. 2. The second poem, "Keeping Quiet" uses alliteration, repetition, symbolism, antithesis, personification, and enjambment. 3. The third poem, "A Thing of Beauty" uses metaphors, alliteration, anaphora, imagery, inversion, and antithesis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    59 views4 pages

    Poetic Devices11

    Uploaded by

    Naaya J
    The document summarizes key poetic devices used in several poems: 1. The first poem, "My Mother at Sixty-Six" uses enjambment, alliteration, consonance, assonance, similes, personification, metaphors, and tautology. 2. The second poem, "Keeping Quiet" uses alliteration, repetition, symbolism, antithesis, personification, and enjambment. 3. The third poem, "A Thing of Beauty" uses metaphors, alliteration, anaphora, imagery, inversion, and antithesis.

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    of 4

    Poetic Devices

    My Mother at Sixty-Six

    1. Enjambment: One of the most important poetic devices used in this poem is
    enjambment. Das does not use any full stop marks throughout the text, even at the end.
    There is an ellipsis (…) at the end of the last line. The poet enjambs the lines to create a
    chain of thoughts. Each line proceeds to the following one to complete the idea,
    continuing until the end. The whole idea becomes clear after going through a few lines.
    For example, the context becomes clear after reading the first four lines:
    Driving from my parent’s
    home to Cochin last Friday
    morning, I saw my mother,
    beside me,
    Then readers have to go through the succeeding lines (5-10) in order to know what the
    speaker felt after glancing back at her mother from the car seat.
    doze, open mouthed, her face
    ashen like that
    of a corpse and realised with pain
    that she was as old as she
    looked but soon
    put that thought away, and
    2. Alliteration: It occurs in the phrase “my mother” in the very title. The “m” sound gets
    repeated at the beginning of these words. As the consonant sound is repeated, it is also an
    example of consonance. It can also be found in the phrase, “Sixty-Six” (Here, the “i”
    sound also gets repeated; an example of assonance as well).
    3. Consonance: “I saw my mother,/ beside me,”, “she was as old as she, “Young/ Trees
    sprinting”, “but all I said was, see you soon, Amma,/ all I did was smile and smile and/
    smile……”
    4. Assonance: “home to Cochin” (Remember: the “o” at the end of “to” isn‟t pronounced as
    the “o” in “home), “doze, open”, “ashen like that”, “looked but soon”, “Trees sprinting,
    the merry children spilling” , “pale/ as a late”
    5. Simile: It occurs in the lines, “her face/ ashen like that/ of a corpse.” The poet explicitly
    compares the color of her mother‟s face to that of a corpse, In “that she was as old as she/
    looked,” the speaker compares the physical features of her mother to the external signs of
    aging”, In “I looked again at her, wan, pale/ as a late winter‟s moon,” the speaker
    compares her mother‟s light-colored face to a “late winter‟s moon.”
    6. Personification: It occurs in “Young/ Trees sprinting.” The poet capitalizes the first
    letters of these words, “Young” and “Trees.” She does so by personifying the trees with
    the idea of being young and sprinting. The phrase also contains a personal metaphor,
    “Young.” This adjective is also used to compare the trees with young kids.
    7. Metaphor: There is an interesting metaphor in the line, “the merry children spilling/ out
    of their homes.” The energy and spontaneity of children are compared to a glass full of
    liquid. The glass or the container is their home, and the kids are the essence that fills their
    home with laughter and joy. By looking at the kids, it seems they are spilling out their
    energy while coming out of their homes to play, The phrase “late winter‟s moon”
    contains a metaphor too. Through this phrase, the poet portrays the pale-white color of
    the moon during winter‟s end. It is comparable to the face of an aged person.
    8. Tautology: It occurs in “away, I looked again at her, wan, pale.” “Wan” and “pale” both
    have the same meanings. When a writer repeats words having a similar meaning, it is
    called tautology in rhetoric.

    Keeping Quite

    1. Alliteration: It is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.


    e.g. “we will count”, “sudden strangeness”, “stop for one second”, “his hurt hands”,
    “clean clothes”.
    2. Repetition: It is the repetition of phrases in the poem for poetic effect. e.g. “without rush,
    without engines“, wars with gas , wars with fire
    3. Symbolism: The poet uses various symbols in the poem. e.g. “Brothers” symbolise
    mankind, “green wars” refer to deforestation, “wars with gas” refers to pollution, “clean
    clothes” symbolise change of perspective, “shade” symbolises protection etc.
    4. Antithesis: It is the juxtaposition of opposing or contrasting ideas. e.g. “count to twelve
    and we will all keep still”. Here counting and keeping still are contrasting activities and
    are put together.
    5. Personification: It is the attribution of human characteristics to non-human things and
    animals. e.g. “Earth can teach us”.
    6. Enjambment: It is the continuation of a sentence to the next line/stanza. In the poem,
    many sentences continue to multiple lines. e.g. “Now we will count to twelve
    and we will all keep still.”, “For once on the face of the Earth let‟s not speak in any
    language, let‟s stop for one second, and not move our arms so much.” etc.
    7. Anaphora: let‟s not…/ let‟s stop….
    8. Transferred Epithet: “Fishermen in the Cold Sea”, the word cold describes the
    fishermen as cold hearted for damaging other species for their selfish needs.

    A Thing of Beauty
    1. Metaphor:bower quiet (calmness of the bower is compared to the calming effect of a
    beautiful thing), wreathing a flowery band (the beautiful things of our life bind us to the
    earth), Immortal drinks ( beautiful objects of nature are forever like a never ending potion
    of a drink)
    2. Alliteration: Use of consonant sound at the start of two words which are close in series
    „Sleep-Sweet‟, „b‟ in Band Bind, „n‟ in „Noble nature,‟ „s‟ in „some shape’, „s‟ in
    „Sprouting Shady‟, „Simple sheep’ , „c‟ in „cooling covert‟, „h‟ in have heard
    3. Anaphora: Use of same word in two consecutive lines (Of noble natures/ Of all the
    unhealthy)
    4. Imagery: creating a sensory effect of beautiful things lined up in a string ( A flower band
    to bind us), Trees giving shade (sprouting shady boon), growing process of daffodils
    (daffodils with the green world they live in), Clean river streams (Clear rills), Bushes full
    of musk roses (sprinkling of fair musk rose blooms), books describing valor of fighters
    (grandeur-..mighty dead), god providing us with best things (pouring from the heaven’s
    brink)
    5. Inversion: normal order of words is reversed ( Are we wreathing a flowery band)
    6. Antithesis: opposite words placed together (old and young)

    Road Side Stand


    1. Personification : The poet has personified the stand by using the word plead for it –„A roadside stand
    that too pathetically pled.‟ , has personified sadness by using the phrase „sadness that lurks near the open
    window there.‟ , personified the country by using the phrase - the voice of the country.
    2. Assonance:
     Prominent sound of the vowel o in - But for some of the money, the cash, whose flow supports
     Prominent sound of the vowel 'i' - "And give us the life of the moving-pictures promise."
     Prominent sound of the vowel 'i' in - "The flower of cities from sinking and withering faint."
    3 . Transferred Epithet: The poet has used „polished traffic‟ to refer to the rich city dwellers, used
    „selfish cars‟ to call the city-dwellers selfish.
    4. Repetition:The word „wrong‟, "money" and "city" , „sleep‟, car has been repeated.
    5. Anaphora:It is the repetition of a word at the start of two or more consecutive lines -
    (Or crook-necked golden squash with silver warts,
    Or beauty rest in a beautiful mountain scene,).
    6. Alliteration: It is the repetition of a letter at the start of closely placed words. The repetition of the
    letter -
     G in greedy good.
     B in beneficent beasts.
     B in be bought.
     G in gallon of gas.
    7.Oxymoron: There is use of two words with opposite meanings together - greedy good-doers.

    Aunt Jennifer’s Tiger


    1. Imagery: The poet has given visual description about the tiger –“Bright topaz denizens of a world of
    green”, “The tigers in the panel that she made/ Will go on prancing, proud and unafraid”
    2. Metaphor:The poet has used bright topaz to show the vibrant yellow colour of the tigers,
    3. Alliteration: It is the repetition of a letter at the start of closely placed words, "chivalric certainty”,
    fluttering fingers, "prancing proud
    4. Consonance: Prominent sound of consonant s in - Jennifer's tigers prance across a screen.
    5. Anaphora: It is the repetition of a word at the start of two or more consecutive lines -
    (They do not fear the men beneath the tree;
    They pace in sleek chivalric certainty.)
    6. Personification: The poet has personified the ring by using the word sit for it.
    7. Hyperbole: The poet has done exaggeration about the ring by talking about its massive weight.
    8. Paradox:Here, someone whose fingers are fluttering is creating something that requires certainty, a
    woman who was tortured and mastered by her husband has created something free.
    9. Enjambment: The sentence is being continued to the next line without the use of any punctuation
    marks. It has been used in the first and third.
    10. Synecdoche: terrified hands (part for whole) her hands represents Aunt Jennifer
    11. Contrast:There is contrast between Aunt Jennifer and her tigers. Aunt Jennifer is very weak and
    scared while her tigers are fearless and proud.
    12. Transferred Epithet :The poet used terrified hands to show that Aunt Jennifer was terrified even
    after her death.
    13. Assonance: Prominent sound of the vowel:
    1. I in - "Aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie."
    2. O in - "go on prancing, proud and unafraid."
    3. E in - "ringed with ordeals she was mastered by."
    4. E in- "They do not fear the men beneath the tree."
    14. Symbolism:
     „denizens of a world of green‟ mean, inhabitants of the forest.
     „massive weight of Uncle‟s wedding band‟ means, the burden of marital obligations.
     „Sits heavily upon Aunt‟ means, the marriage has laid a lot of stress on her.
     „ringed with ordeals‟ means, to get entrapped in hardships and sufferings

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