Review of Related Literature 1

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Review of Related Literature

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted negatively on the world's


education institutions, affecting approximately 1.6 billion
students in over 200 countries. More than 94 percent of the
world's student population has been affected by school,
institution, and other learning facility closures. All elements
of our lives have changed as a result of this. Traditional
educational techniques have been severely disrupted by social
distancing and restrictive movement policies. Online classes in
the Philippines are courses delivered over the internet and are a
popular form of flexible learning. Because of the pandemic,
mobile learning is the only way to keep up with your studies.
Students can take classes online or in a modular format. The
COVID-19 pandemic harmed all sectors of society, especially how
classes were taught in the classroom and online. The Philippine
government imposed lockdowns, resulting in a rapid shift to
solely online teaching and learning methods. While some
institutions have closed as a result of the situation, others
have continued to provide instruction and classes through the
Internet and various online learning tools. Concerns have been
raised by students and professors about the continuation of
online classes, ranging from a lack of technology to mental
health issues.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the


Philippines forced medical schools to suspend face-to-face
learning activities in March 2020 and transition to an online
curriculum. As they attempted to adjust to online learning,
medical students in the Philippines faced a number of
interrelated challenges. Needing trouble modifying learning
methods, having to undertake obligations at home, and poor
communication between educators and learners were the most common
issues. Medical schools and educators can help overcome these
problems during and after the COVID-19 outbreak by developing
student-centered interventions.

Lockdown and social distancing measures due to the COVID-19


pandemic have led to closures of schools, training institutes and
higher education facilities in most countries. There is a
paradigm shift in the way educators deliver quality education
through various online platforms. The online learning, distance
and continuing education have become a panacea for this
unprecedented global pandemic, despite the challenges posed to
both educators and the learners. Transitioning from traditional
face-to-face learning to online learning can be an entirely
different experience for the learners and the educators, which
they must adapt to with little or no other alternatives
available. The education system and the educators have adopted
“Education in Emergency” through various online platforms and are
compelled to adopt a system that they are not prepared for. E-
learning tools have played a crucial role during this pandemic,
helping schools and universities facilitate student learning
during the closure of universities and schools (Subedi et al.,
2020)

While adapting to the new changes, staff and student readiness


needs to be gauged and supported accordingly. The learners with a
fixed mindset find it difficult to adapt and adjust, whereas the
learners with a growth mindset quickly adapt to a new learning
environment. There is no one-size-fits-all pedagogy for online
learning. There are a variety of subjects with varying needs.
Different subjects and age groups require different approaches to
online learning (Doucet et al., 2020).
As schools have been closed to cope with the global pandemic,
students, parents and educators around the globe have felt the
unexpected ripple effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. While
governments, frontline workers and health officials are doing
their best slowing down the outbreak, education systems are
trying to continue imparting quality education for all during
these difficult times. Many students at home/living space have
undergone psychological and emotional distress and have been
unable to engage productively. Some of the online platforms used
so far include unified communication and collaboration platforms
such as Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom, Canvas and Blackboard,
which allow the teachers to create educational courses, training
and skill development programmed. (Petrie, 2020).

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