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    3D Heat Conduction Equation Driveration

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    ﾙｳｨﾝｺ ｵｰ
    The document derives the 3D heat conduction equation from the conservation of energy equation. Heat transfer into and out of a control volume is represented by terms with partial derivatives of temperature with respect to spatial dimensions and thermal conductivity. The net heat transfer terms are set equal to the rate of change of internal energy, yielding an equation with second order partial derivatives of temperature. This is the 3D heat conduction equation that describes heat transfer through a solid by conduction.

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    3D Heat Conduction Equation Driveration

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    ﾙｳｨﾝｺ ｵｰ
    36 views3 pages
    The document derives the 3D heat conduction equation from the conservation of energy equation. Heat transfer into and out of a control volume is represented by terms with partial derivatives of temperature with respect to spatial dimensions and thermal conductivity. The net heat transfer terms are set equal to the rate of change of internal energy, yielding an equation with second order partial derivatives of temperature. This is the 3D heat conduction equation that describes heat transfer through a solid by conduction.

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    Step by Step Derivation of 3D Heat Conduction Equation

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    The document derives the 3D heat conduction equation from the conservation of energy equation. Heat transfer into and out of a control volume is represented by terms with partial derivatives of temperature with respect to spatial dimensions and thermal conductivity. The net heat transfer terms are set equal to the rate of change of internal energy, yielding an equation with second order partial derivatives of temperature. This is the 3D heat conduction equation that describes heat transfer through a solid by conduction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    36 views3 pages

    3D Heat Conduction Equation Driveration

    Uploaded by

    ﾙｳｨﾝｺ ｵｰ
    The document derives the 3D heat conduction equation from the conservation of energy equation. Heat transfer into and out of a control volume is represented by terms with partial derivatives of temperature with respect to spatial dimensions and thermal conductivity. The net heat transfer terms are set equal to the rate of change of internal energy, yielding an equation with second order partial derivatives of temperature. This is the 3D heat conduction equation that describes heat transfer through a solid by conduction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    2154022 LWIN KO OO

    Derivation of 3D Heat Conduction Equation

    By Conservation of Energy Equation,

    𝑄𝑄𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 𝑄𝑄𝑔𝑔 − 𝑄𝑄𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑄𝑄𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ;

    Where, Qin = Rate of Total Thermal Energy Entering the Control Volume [W];

    Qout = Rate of Total Thermal Energy Leaving the Control Volume [W];

    Qg = Rate of Thermal Energy Generation [W];

    Qst = Rate of Change of Internal Energy [W].

    Again, 𝑄𝑄𝑔𝑔 = 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ;

    H = Rate of Thermal Energy Generation Per Unit Volume [W/m3].


    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    And, 𝑄𝑄𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;

    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 = Rate of Change of Internal Energy Per Unit Volume [W/m3]

    For Total Thermal Energy Entering the Control Volume,


    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥 = −𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    ;

    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦 = −𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧 = −𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    1|Page
    2154022 LWIN KO OO

    Where, k = Thermal Conductivity [W/m2K]

    For Total Thermal Energy Leaving the Control Volume,

    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥 + 𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. + �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦 + 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. + �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧 + 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. + �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    Let Q1, Q2, Q3 be the net thermal energy in the x, y and z direction respectively.
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄1 = 𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥 − 𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    − �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    + 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑� ;

    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄1 = 𝑘𝑘 � � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄2 = 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦 − 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. − �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. + �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑧𝑧. � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑� ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄2 = 𝑘𝑘 � � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄3 = 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧 − 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = −𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    − �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    + 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    �−𝑘𝑘. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑� ;
    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄3 = 𝑘𝑘 � � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    Recalling conservation of energy equation and substituting the respective terms in this equation,

    𝑄𝑄𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 𝑄𝑄𝑔𝑔 − 𝑄𝑄𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑄𝑄𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ;

    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥 + 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦 + 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧 + 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 − �𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � = 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    (𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥 − 𝑄𝑄𝑥𝑥+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ) + (𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦 − 𝑄𝑄𝑦𝑦+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ) + (𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧 − 𝑄𝑄𝑧𝑧+𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ) + 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
    𝑄𝑄1 + 𝑄𝑄2 + 𝑄𝑄3 + 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    Substituting the respective terms Q1, Q2, Q3 in the above equation,

    2|Page
    2154022 LWIN KO OO

    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕


    𝑘𝑘 � � �+ � �+ � �� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    Both sides of equation being divided by 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ,

    𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕


    𝑘𝑘 � � �+ � �+ � �� + 𝐻𝐻 = 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑘𝑘 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝐻𝐻


    = � � �+ � �+ � �� + ;
    𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜌𝜌𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝

    The above equation is the desired 3-Dimensional Heat Conduction Equation.

    References

    Lavine, A. S., Bergman, T. L., Incropera, F. P., & DeWitt, D. P. (2011). Fundamentals of Heat

    and Mass Transfer (7th ed.). Wiley.

    3|Page

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