Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 29 views

    Criptografie

    Uploaded by

    Ristea
    The course will cover: 1) Introduction to information security models and cryptography and cryptanalysis 2) Both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms like AES and RSA 3) Cryptographic protocols like Diffie-Hellman key exchange 4) Practical examples like challenge-response identification mechanisms 5) References provided include applied cryptography books and papers on information security

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Criptografie

    Uploaded by

    Ristea
    29 views15 pages
    The course will cover: 1) Introduction to information security models and cryptography and cryptanalysis 2) Both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms like AES and RSA 3) Cryptographic protocols like Diffie-Hellman key exchange 4) Practical examples like challenge-response identification mechanisms 5) References provided include applied cryptography books and papers on information security

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The course will cover: 1) Introduction to information security models and cryptography and cryptanalysis 2) Both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms like AES and RSA 3) Cryptographic protocols like Diffie-Hellman key exchange 4) Practical examples like challenge-response identification mechanisms 5) References provided include applied cryptography books and papers on information security

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views15 pages

    Criptografie

    Uploaded by

    Ristea
    The course will cover: 1) Introduction to information security models and cryptography and cryptanalysis 2) Both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms like AES and RSA 3) Cryptographic protocols like Diffie-Hellman key exchange 4) Practical examples like challenge-response identification mechanisms 5) References provided include applied cryptography books and papers on information security

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    CRYPTOLOGY

    from theory to practice

    EMIL SIMION, Ph.D.


    e-mail: [email protected];[email protected]
    AGENDA

    I. Introduction to information security (models of


    security);
    II. Cryptology: cryptography and cryptanalysis;
    III. Course profile;
    IV. References;
    V. Examination.
    I. Shannon model for information
    transmission
    • Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001) published, in
    1949, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems discussing cryptography from
    the viewpoint of information theory.
    Shannon model for information
    transmission - cont
    Information security attributes
    • Confidentiality;
    • Integrity;
    • Authenticity;
    • Non-repudiation;
    • Availability.
    Model for security
    Cryptographic algorithms are mathematical objects used in cryptographic
    modules (software, firmware and/or hardware) . These crypto-modules are used to design
    cryptographic products (applications and/or devices). The cryptographic products are used
    to protect data in communication systems or in specific applications.

    Algorithm

    Cryptographic Module

    Product

    Application / System
    II. Cryptology
    Some example: crypto algorithms
    • Cryptographic algorithms ensure: confidentiality
    and integrity (authentication, non repudiation and
    protection against errors) of the data;
    • Two type of algorithms: asymmetric (two
    different keys, one for encryption another for
    decryption, based on the computational difficulty
    of several problems: e.g. RSA [factoring], ElGamal
    [discreet log problem] and their extension to Elliptic
    curves) and symmetric (the same key used for
    encryption and decryption, e.g. AES).
    Symmetric ciphers: block and stream

    Block cipher Stream ciphers


    No internal state Internal state
    n
    Message Encrypted message
    Logical
    Key function n Additive stream cipher General stream cipher
    n ((Pseudo)random key generator
    (P)RKG)
    Encrypted message memory
    Plain message + + Plain message

    (P)RKG (P)RKG
    Asymmetric ciphers: example RSA
    USER A: Open directory
    USER B:
    Na = pa . qa A Nb = p b . q b
    pa . qa tow secret large primes Na pb . qb tow secret large primes
    φ(Na) = (pa-1).(qa -1) Ea
    φ(Nb) = (pb-1).(qb -1)
    Ea = open key of A B
    Nb Eb = open key of B
    Da = Ea-1 [mod φ(Na) ] Eb Db = Eb-1 [mod φ(Nb) ]
    .

    A signs Document M to B:
    Da (M,S) Ea Da Ea
    M = S (A signes M) S =M =M’ (Verify M’=M)
    gcd (Ea , φ(Na) ) = 1 gcd (Eb , φ(Nb) ) = 1
    Practical example: Challenge-Response
    Identification Mechanism
    Setup : Agree on a secret key Ki
    and one-way function F
    Prover A Verifier
    Ki Ki Rv

    Rt
    Who are you? : proof by using Rv that you know Ki Generate random value R
    v
    Auth request (Challenge)
    RES=F(Rt, Ki, Rv)

    I am A, and this is the proof: RES, Rt ?


    If RES = F(Ki, Rt, Rv)
    (Response) then accept
    Course profile
    • Classic ciphers: Cesar, substitutions, Playfair, Hill,
    polyalphabetic,transpositions, mixed systems;
    • Statistics: estimation and statistical tests;
    • Algebra: Computation in Galois field, Chinese
    Remainder Theorem etc.;
    • Pseudorandom generators;
    • Symmetric ciphers: AES candidate ciphers;
    • Asymmetric ciphers: Merkle-Hellmann, RSA,
    ElGamal, EC;
    • Cryptographic protocols: Diffie-Hellmann;
    • Cryptousage (PKI, e-mail security, IPSEC etc.);
    • Evaluation versus cracking.
    References
    • J. Menezes and P. C. van Oorschot and S. A.
    Vanstone, Handbook of Applied Cryptography, CRC
    Press, fifth edition, ISBN 9780849385230, 2001.
    • B. Scheneier, Applied Cryptography: Protocols,
    Algorithms, and Source Code in C, John Wiley &
    Sons, Second Edition, ISBN 0-471-12845-7, 1996.
    • D. Naccache and E. Simion, Information security
    and Cryptology. Applications, MATRIX ROM,
    ISBN 978-973-755-675-2 , 2011.
    • D. Stinson, Cryptography Theory and Practice,
    CRC Press, Third edition, ISBN 9781584885085,
    2005.
    Examination
    • Proposal: write an essay of max 3 pages
    about your experience in information
    security;
    • Others proposals?
    • Now let’s decide!
    Thank you for your attention!

    You might also like