Sanjay Bio Gas Production Class Xii A Project

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BIO GAS PROUCTION

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6 Sanjay.M
7 XII(A)
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1 Biogas is the mixture of gases

2 produced by microorganisms. It
3 is a renewable source of energy.
4 Methane is the predominant gas present in the biogas
5 mixture.
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8 Certain bacteria grow under anaerobic conditions and

9 produce a large amount of methane along with
0 carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The bacteria which
1 produce the gaseous mixture are collectively known
2 as methanogens. Methanobacterium is one such
3 methanogen.
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6 Methanobacterium is present inside the rumen of the

7 cattle and the sludge produced during sewage
8 treatment. The Methanobacterium
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8 present in the food of the cattle digests the
9 cellulose present. The dung then produced by the cattle
0 contains these methanogens which can be used for the
1 production of biogas also known as the gobar gas.
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4 Cattle dung is available in rural area in very large

5 quantities. Therefore, we can find biogas plants more
6 often in rural areas. The biogas produced can be used for
7 lighting and cooking purposes.
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0 The conversion of waste into energy takes place in a

1 biogas plant, by the activity of certain microbes.
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8  The biogas plant consists
9 of a source to supply the
0 feedstock, a digestion tank
1 for biogas production, a biogas recovery unit to
2 isolate the produced biogas, and a heat exchanger
3 to maintain the temperature of the digester.
4  The biowaste and the slurry of dung are fed into an
5 anaerobic digester.
6  The slurry is covered with a floating cover. The
7 gas produced due to microbial activity makes the
8 cover rise upwards.
9  The produced biogas is supplied to the respective
0 places through connected pipes and can be used
1 for cooking and lighting.
2  The used slurry is removed through an outlet and
3 can be used as fertilizer later.
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7 WHAT IS A BIOGAS PLANT?

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3 A biogas plant is a facility that provides oxygen-
4 free conditions where anaerobic digestion can occur.
5 Simply put, it’s an artificial system where you can turn
6 waste into sustainable energy and fertilizers, with
7 positive effects on the environment.
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0 A biogas plant has three major components that make

1 the biogas production process possible:
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3 a reception area
4 a digester (or fermentation tank) a gas
5 holder
6 The reception area is where the raw materials arrive and
7 are prepared for anaerobic digestion. Each type of
8 biomass has a different fermentation process, so the
9 overall length of the biogas production process varies
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2 on the raw materials used, and it isn’t
3 uncommon to use pre-treatments in industrial biogas
4 plants to accelerate fermentation and increase the
5 production of biogas.
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8 Some of the most popular biomass choices are crop

9 residues, municipal and industrial sewage, agricultural
0 material, livestock manures, seaweed, food-processing,
1 and paper wastes, but the list of raw materials used is
2 significantly longer.
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5 The digester is an air-tight, waterproof container with a

6 mean of entry for the biomass. Here, you introduce the
7 raw materials to be transformed into energy. Then,
8 agitators shift the biomass periodically to free the gases
9 and prevent the formation of layers. The digester also
0 includes a
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7 pipe that enables the digestate to be removed
8 after the fermentation is over.
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1 The gas holder is an airproof container, preferably

2 made in steel, that collects the gas generated during
3 fermentation. It’s provided
4 with a gas outlet that permits the biogas to come out of
5 the system and produce energy and heat.
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8 Depending on the quantity of waste you want to eliminate

9 from the environment or the volume of biogas you need
0 to produce, a plant might have more than one digester
1 and gas holders.
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4 Who is promoting the biogas Programme in India?
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6 The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

7 (MNRE), Government of India has notified the
8 National Bioenergy Programme on November 2nd ,
9 2022. MNRE has continued the National Bioenergy
0 Programme for the period from FY 2021-22 to
1 2025-26. The Programme has been recommended
2 for implementation in two Phases.
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0 from the biogas plant, the biogas is also produced
1 in landfills.
2  The organic matter naturally decomposes inside the
3 landfill, i.e. inside a pit in the land, and biogas is
4 produced by the activity of the microbes.
5  The Methanobacteria present in the organic waste
6 decompose the waste and produce the mixture of
7 gases known as biogas.
8  There is a network of interconnected pipes in
9 the landfill to collect the gas produced.
0  The composition of the gas varies after a certain time
1 interval. After a year, the composition of methane
2 and carbon dioxide is 60% and 40% respectively.
3  This method is gaining acceptance due to the fact that
4 it prevents the explosion caused by the collection of
5 methane
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6 inside the landfill, and also prevents the loss of
7 methane in the atmosphere.
8  The biogas thus produced is used to create
9 electricity.
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Substrates Required in Biogas Production
Animal Dung and urine of cattle, buffalo, goat,

Wastes sheep, slaughterhouses
By-products Tobacco waste, bagasse, bran
Aquatic
Algae, water hyacinth
plants
Crop Straw, fodder, weed, crop stubble,

Residues sticks of cotton and jute
Forest
Branches, leaves, twigs, bark
Residues
Urban solid
Paper, domestic waste
waste
Human
waste Night soil
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1 Biogas is
2 a safe, cheap,
3 renewable
4 source of energy.
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6 1. Biogas can be burnt in stoves to provide heat.
7 2. It is used for domestic and street lighting, and

8 cooking.
9 3. It is eco-friendly and does not cause any

0 pollution.
1 4. It is also used for driving engines.
2 5. It is easy to generate, transport and store.
3 6. It improves the sanitation of the

4 surroundings.
5 7. The residue left after the production of biogas

6 can be used as manure.
7 The use of biogas is environment-friendly. It implies the
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8 conversion of animal and plant waste
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0 into useful energy, thereby, reducing the
1 production of methane. This is because of the biogas
2 combustion which results in a net decrease in the
3 emission of greenhouse gases.
4 For more information on Microbial Production of Biogas,
5 keep visiting BYJU’S website or download BYJU’S app for
6 further reference
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7 Biology-Related Links:-
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Biomass Microbes in Human Welfare
Uses of Biogas Microbes and Disease
Natural Sources of Difference between aerobic and

Energy anaerobic bacteria
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1

BIO GAS PROUCTION

1 Biogas is the mixture of gases

8 Certain bacteria grow under anaerobic conditions and

6 Methanobacterium is present inside the rumen of the

4 Cattle dung is available in rural area in very large

0 The conversion of waste into energy takes place in a

7 WHAT IS A BIOGAS PLANT?

0 A biogas plant has three major components that make

8 Some of the most popular biomass choices are crop

5 The digester is an air-tight, waterproof container with a

1 The gas holder is an airproof container, preferably

8 Depending on the quantity of waste you want to eliminate

6 The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

Animal Dung and urine of cattle, buffalo, goat,

By-products Tobacco waste, bagasse, bran

Crop Straw, fodder, weed, crop stubble,

6 1. Biogas can be burnt in stoves to provide heat.

7 2. It is used for domestic and street lighting, and

9 3. It is eco-friendly and does not cause any

1 4. It is also used for driving engines.

2 5. It is easy to generate, transport and store.

3 6. It improves the sanitation of the

5 7. The residue left after the production of biogas

Biomass Microbes in Human Welfare

Uses of Biogas Microbes and Disease

Natural Sources of Difference between aerobic and

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