MS Science Set 4

Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, Jammu Region
Sample Paper Set 4
Class-X (Science)
Marking Scheme
1 (a) 8 (a) 15 (a)

2 (c) 9 (c) 16 (a)
3 (c) 10 (c) 17 C
4 (b) 11 (c) 18 A
5 (b) 12 (b) 19 A
6 (a) 13 (a) 20 D
7 (d) 14 (d)
21 . Malleability: Some metals can be beaten into thin sheets. This property is called Malleability.
Ductility: The ability of metals to be drawn into thin wires is called ductility.
22.Trachea has rings of cartilages which prevent it from collapses.
23. Acid makes the stomach's habitat acidic. It activates inactive pepsinogen into pepsin. Pepsin helps in
protein digestion in the stomach. It also kills bacteria that are brought into our bodies through food.
OR
It is because of atmospheric refraction. When the Sun is slightly below the horizon, the light coming from it
travels from less dense to more dense air and is refracted downwards. Thus, the Sun appears to be raised and
can be seen 2 min before actual sunrise and 2 min after actual sunset.
24. Receptors are present in our all parts of the body for example in skin, eye, nose tongue etc. They detect
the signals and then send them to brain in the form of electrical signals. If they these receptors are damaged
then it they will not detect the input which leads to the harm for our body in dangerous situation.
25. When light passes through a prism it splits into seven colours it is called splitting. VIBGYOR is formed
OR
Dispersion, Refraction and Total Internal Reflection.
26. A common food chain of a pond ecosystem is shown below:

Algae → Protozoa →SmallFish → BigFishAlgae→Protozoa→SmallFish→BigFish
(Producer) (Herbivore) (Carnivore) (large carnivore)
27. (i) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

(ii) Electrolysis of water
(iii) decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under the presence of sunlight
OR
Trachea is an 11 cm long and hollow tube that opens into laryngopharynx through its opening called
"glottis).
The inner wall of Trachea contains Mucus glands and cilia, this Mucus keeps the lumen of Trachea moist
and cilia pushes the Mucus and dust away from lungs.
Trachea has" C-shaped" cartilaginous rings on its outer wall. These rings are 16-18 in number and prevent
the collapsing of the Trachea when there is less air in it.
28. Alkalis like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide should not be left exposed to air because when
sodium carbonate reacts with CO2 present in the air form sodium carbonate and when potassium hydroxide
reacts with CO2 present in the air form potassium carbonate.
29. Nutrition in an Amoeba occurs through a process called phagocytosis where the entire organism pretty
much engulfs the food it plans on eating up. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is known as holozoic
nutrition. It involves the ingestion, digestion and egestion of food material.
OR
Arteries – to carry oxygenated blood to the entire body parts
Veins – to carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.
Blood capillaries – exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place.
30.
1. Pole: The middle point of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is called pole.
The letter P represents pole, MP = M’P.
2. Centre of curvature: It is the centre of the sphere of glass of which the mirror is a part. The letter C
represents the centre of curvature.
3. Principal axis of a spherical mirror is the straight line joining the centre of curvature and pole of the
mirror.
31. When white light from sun enters the earth's atmosphere, the light gets scattered i.e., the light spreads
in all directions by the dust particles, free water molecules and the molecules of the gases present in the
atmosphere. This phenomenon is called scattering of light.
32. A permanent magnet is an object made of a material that gets magnetized and creates its own
persistent magnetic field. An electromagnet is made from a coil of wire that acts as a magnet when an
electric current is allowed to pass through it.
33.
Biodegradable wastes Non-biodegradable wastes
1. The biodegradable wastes originate from 1. The non-biodegradable wastes are
natural products like kitchen waste, paper, synthesized chemically and they originate
organic waste, etc. from human activities.
2. The rate of decomposition of 2. The rate of decomposition of the non-
biodegradable waste is very fast. biodegradable waste is very slow.
3. The microbes like fungi, bacteria, etc. 3. The non-biodegradable wastes do not get
possess the tendency to decompose the degraded easily by natural agents.
wastes into the soil.
4. Post degradation, the biodegradable 4. The rate of degradation of non-
wastes are used for the production of biodegradable wastes is slow and the process
fertilizers, manure, compost, and biogas. and recycling and separation are expensive
and not too easy.
5. The examples are fruits, paper, 5. The examples are plastic, rubber, paint,
vegetables, etc. chemicals, etc.
34. Methane is a Hydrocarbon formed by the combination of carbon with Hydrogen.

Its molecular formula is CH4. It is the main greenhouse gas. The type of bond formed in methane is a
covalent bond.
Electron dot structure of methane (CH4):
(i) Compounds containing covalent bonds are poor conductors of electricity because no free electrons or free
ions are present in them to conduct electricity.
(ii) Compounds containing covalent bonds have low melting and boiling points because of weak Vander
Waal’s force of attraction between them so less energy is required to break the force of binding them.
When methane burns in oxygen, the following reaction occurs:

CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O+heat+lightCH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O+heat+light
Carbon dioxide and water are produced.
35. (a) In a complex organism, tissues and specialized cells make up different organs and perform
several functions in their body. So a simple regeneration cannot give rise to the complex organism due to
its highly specialized features.
(b) Sexual maturation of reproductive tissues is a necessary link for reproduction. This is because of the
need for germ-cells to participate in sexual reproduction. The germ-cells are produced only in mature
reproductive tissues . The body of the individual organism has to grow to its adult size
OR
(a) Variations allow organisms to exist in diverse habitats or niches. In the absence of variations, a
species may be restricted to particular area. If this area gets drastically altered, due to various natural
or man-made causes, the species may be wiped out.
(b) The placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy. This structure provides
oxygen and nutrients to a growing baby. It also removes waste products from the baby's blood. The
placenta attaches to the wall of the uterus, and the baby's umbilical cord arises from it.
36. Resistance depends upon the following factors

a) Material
b) Length
c) Area of cross Section
d) Temperature of conductor
OR
(a) 300 C (2 marks)

(b) 24 J (2 marks)
(c) 1/R = 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 (1 mark)
37. (a) aluminium
(b) sodium, calcium and potassium.
(c) (c)
(d) (a)
38. (i) 46
(ii) Two of the chromosomes (the X and the Y chromosome)
(iii) The female egg always has an X chromosome. So if the male gamete with the X chromosome fuses with
the female egg, the child will be female. Similarly, if the male gamete with the Y chromosome fuses with
the female egg, the child will be male.
(iv) If a sperm with X chromosome fertilises with an ovum having X chromosome then it will be a girl. If a
sperm carrying Y chromosome fertilises with an ovum having X chromosome then it will be a boy.
39. (i) (a)

(ii) (d)
(iii) 1, Virtual
(iv) 2f, real and inverted.

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Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, Jammu Region

Sample Paper Set 4

1 (a) 8 (a) 15 (a)

22.Trachea has rings of cartilages which prevent it from collapses.

26. A common food chain of a pond ecosystem is shown below:

27. (i) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

34. Methane is a Hydrocarbon formed by the combination of carbon with Hydrogen.

When methane burns in oxygen, the following reaction occurs:

36. Resistance depends upon the following factors

(a) 300 C (2 marks)

39. (i) (a)

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