Nama : Muhammad Hanif Hidayat

Kelas : LT-3A
NIM : 3.31.20.0.16

POWER CABLE AND CONNECTOR

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb,
Hi good afternoon Mam and everyone. Could I have your attention please ?
First of all, I would like to say thanks to u all for having me today.
Let me introduce my self, my name is Muhammad Hanif Hidayat, but you can call me
Hanif, I am studying at Semarang State Polytechnic, majoring in Electrical Engineering. I am
currently in the fifth semester at LT3A class.
Today I wanna talk about “Power Cable and Connector”.
There will be Q n A session after my presentation is done. Therefore if you have
question please keep them until the end of the presentation.
Well, we can make a start to my presentation
Based on our topic, we’ll go over from definition of Power Cable and Connector, for
the second material of Power Cable and Connector, for the third Symbol of Power Cable and
Connector, fourth The function and characteristic of Power Cable and Connector, and the last
point is application of Power Cable and Connector.

Lets strat with the first point.

Power cable is an electrical cable, an assembly of one or more electrical conductors, usually
held together with an overall sheath. The assembly is used for transmission of electrical
power. Power cables may be installed as permanent wiring within buildings, buried in the
ground, run overhead, or exposed.
While connector is part or device used for electrically connecting or disconnecting
circuits etc. They can connect and disconnect by hands or with simple tools without requiring
special tools or processes such as soldering.
That's the first point, which is the definition of Power Cable and Connector. So, let’s move on
to the next point which is the material of Power Cable and Connector.
There are various parts of a cable to be taken care of during construction. The power cable
mainly consists of
1. Cable Conductor
2. Cable Insulation
3. Cable Metal Protection
4. Cable Outer Sheath
Connectors essentially consist of two classes of materials: conductors and insulators.
Properties important to conductor materials are contact resistance, conductivity, mechanical
strength, formability, and resilience. Insulators must have a high electrical resistance,
withstand high temperatures, and be easy to manufacture for a precise fit.
Well, let’s move on to the Symbol and Type of Power Cable and Connector.

Symbol of power cable

Schematic symbols for male and female connectors

1. Low Tension Cables (LT cables), Low tension cables are used for voltage levels up to
1 kV. The electrostatic stresses in LT cable are not dangerous, hence no special
construction is used for this cable.
2. High Tension Cables (HT cables), For voltages, up to 66 kV, the three core cables that
are multicore cables are used :
 HT cables up to 11 kV level which is belted type.
 Super tension (ST) cables for 22 kV and 33 kV levels which are screened
cables.
 Extra high tension (EHT) cables for voltage levels from 33 kV to 66 kV which
are pressure cables.
3. Super Tension Cables, These cables are utilized for the voltage levels of 22 kV and 33
kV. The two types of screened cables are: H type cables and SL type cables.
4. Extra-High Tension Cables, The Extra high tension cables are intended for 132 kV to
275 kV voltage levels.
5. Oil-filled Cables, The cable consists of a concentrically stranded conductor but built
around a hollow cylindrical steel spiral core. This hollow-core in a conductor acts as a
channel for the oil.
 6. Gas-filled Cables, The cable is triangular in shape and put in the steel pipe. The pipe
is filled with nitrogen at 12 to 15 atmospheres pressure.

Connectors are classified into three types based on their termination ends:
1. board-to-board connectors
Board-to-board connectors are used to connect PCBs without a cable. The board-to-
board connectors can save space on cables, making them suitable for systems with
limited space.
2. cable/wire-to-cable/wire connectors
Wire-to-wire connectors connect two wires, as the name suggests. One end of the
connector is permanently connected to the wire. The other end of the connector forms
a separable interface.
3. cable/wire-to-board connectors.
A wire-to-board connector, as the name suggests, connects a wire/cable to a PCB. The
wire connections are similar to the one used for wire-to-wire connection, and the board
connections are, for the most part, press-in or soldered two-piece connectors; although,
some card edge versions remain in use.

Let’s move on to the next point which are Function and Characteristic of Power Cable and
Connector
There are some important functions of power cable is to transmit energy from one point to
another. It is used for the transmission of extra high voltages in a place where overhead lines
are impracticable to use like, the sea, airfield crossing, etc. 
The main characteristics of the power cable are as follows:
1. It Can withstand high or even high working voltage for a long time, should have very
good electrical insulation properties.
2. It Can transmit a large current (several hundred amps or even thousands of amps), At
the same time, the insulation and other materials used are required to have excellent
heat aging resistance, and the overall structure can maintain thermal balance.
3. In order to adapt the cable to various laying methods and environments (underground,
water, trench, tunnel, shaft), a variety of combined protective layer structures must be
used.

Electrical connectors can be divided into four basic categories, differentiated by their
function:

 Inline or cable connectors permanently attached to a cable, so it can be plugged into

That’s all I have to say about Function and Characteristic of Power Cable and Connector.
Well, let’s look now at last point of my presentation namely application.
Power cable is used for a wide range of applications in the electrical distribution system such
as:
- Connection between Transformer and switchgear
- Connection between Switchgear and individual load
- Connection between Generator and transformer
- Underground cables for utility distribution network in Urban areas
- Submarine cables for transmission purpose
- Cables in Ships, Wind mills, Buildings
We will now see some unique applications of Connectors.
- We can find Connectors on every computer and laptop.
- We are all aware of the Universal Serial Bus, also known as USB, which is also a
standard Connector.
- Connectors are also used as radio frequency Connectors. These Connectors help
prevent the change of the transmission line’s impedance.
- The Connectors named eight positions/ eight conductors (8P8C) are used in ethernet
cables and CAT5. They look like RJ45 cables but the socket of 8P8C is different from
RJ45.
- D-Subminiature is the Connectors used in modem ports and IBM-compatible
computers. There are different types of D-subminiature Connectors. These are
thermocouple contact options, PCB and crimp mounts, solid machined contacts, etc.
- The DC Connectors and AC power sockets/ plugs are installed to prevent people from
getting shocked when they come in contact with energized conductors. 

So that’s all from me, is there any question?, thankyou very much for your nice
attention, sorry if I make a mistake in explaining. Good afternoon, Wassalamualaikum wr
wb