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    Bernoullis Theorem

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    SOMKOW
    Bernoulli's theorem states that the sum of kinetic energy per unit volume, gravitational potential energy per unit volume, and pressure remains constant along a streamline. If a fluid flows with speed V along a streamline at height y and pressure P, then kinetic energy per unit volume = 1/2ρV^2, gravitational potential energy per unit volume = ρgy, and the sum of these terms plus pressure is a constant according to Bernoulli's equation: p + ρgy + 1/2ρV^2 = constant. This equation can be derived by equating the work done on a fluid element to the change in its mechanical energy as it moves between two pipe sections.

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    Bernoullis Theorem

    Uploaded by

    SOMKOW
    8 views2 pages
    Bernoulli's theorem states that the sum of kinetic energy per unit volume, gravitational potential energy per unit volume, and pressure remains constant along a streamline. If a fluid flows with speed V along a streamline at height y and pressure P, then kinetic energy per unit volume = 1/2ρV^2, gravitational potential energy per unit volume = ρgy, and the sum of these terms plus pressure is a constant according to Bernoulli's equation: p + ρgy + 1/2ρV^2 = constant. This equation can be derived by equating the work done on a fluid element to the change in its mechanical energy as it moves between two pipe sections.

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    Bernoulli's theorem states that the sum of kinetic energy per unit volume, gravitational potential energy per unit volume, and pressure remains constant along a streamline. If a fluid flows with speed V along a streamline at height y and pressure P, then kinetic energy per unit volume = 1/2ρV^2, gravitational potential energy per unit volume = ρgy, and the sum of these terms plus pressure is a constant according to Bernoulli's equation: p + ρgy + 1/2ρV^2 = constant. This equation can be derived by equating the work done on a fluid element to the change in its mechanical energy as it moves between two pipe sections.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views2 pages

    Bernoullis Theorem

    Uploaded by

    SOMKOW
    Bernoulli's theorem states that the sum of kinetic energy per unit volume, gravitational potential energy per unit volume, and pressure remains constant along a streamline. If a fluid flows with speed V along a streamline at height y and pressure P, then kinetic energy per unit volume = 1/2ρV^2, gravitational potential energy per unit volume = ρgy, and the sum of these terms plus pressure is a constant according to Bernoulli's equation: p + ρgy + 1/2ρV^2 = constant. This equation can be derived by equating the work done on a fluid element to the change in its mechanical energy as it moves between two pipe sections.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Bernoullis Theorem

    The sum of kinetic energy per unit volume, gravitational potential energy per unit volume and
    pressure, remains constant at all the points of a stream line. This is Bernoulli’s theorem.

    If a fluid of density ρ be flowing with speed V along a streamline, and P be the pressure and y be
    height relative to a reference line, then

    kinetic energy per unit volume =1/2 ρV2

    gravitational potential energy per unit volume = ρgy.

    The sum is ρgy+ 1/2 ρV2 + p. According to Bernoulli’s theorem

    p + ρgy+ 1/2ρV2 = constant.

    This is Bernoulli’s equation.

    To prove it, we consider a flow pipe and fluid contained in the pipe between sections a and b(see
    fig.) The pressure p1 causes a force p1 A1 at section-a and pressure p2 causes a force p2 A2 at section-
    b. Due to velocity the section-a moves by v 1 dt and section-b by v2 dt. The fluid we considered as(i)
    in the figure, acquires the position(f) in time dt.

    Work done on the fluid is W = p1 A1 V1 dt – p2 V2 V2 dt.

    This must be equal to change in mechanical energy, ΔE.

    Now ΔE = ΔU + ΔK.

    where ΔU is the change in gravitational energy, and ΔK is the charge in kinetic energy of the fluid
    lying, between section-a and section-b.

    During motion section-a goes to a´ and b to b´. the fluid between a´and b has the same kinetic
    energy and potential energy in the states i and f. Hence
    The sum of pressure (p), kinetic energy per unit volume (1/2 ρV2) and gravitational potential energy
    per unit volume (ρgy) has the same value at section-1 as at section-2. This is true for any other
    section also. Area A1 or A2 of the flow tube are small enough so that unique velocity can be taken.
    Hence the result is true when pipe becomes very narrow, i.e., a streamline. The Bernoulli’s equation

    must be used for ideal flow only. By this we mean incompressible, non-viscous, irrotational and
    streamline flow. In the special case of hydro statics, (we take v = 0). This gives

    p + ρgy= constant

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