RM File

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY
MAHARAJA SURAJMAL INSTITUTE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY LAB
SUBJECT CODE – BBA 208
SUBMITTED BY – Aniket Singh SUBMITTED TO – DR. Bhoomika Saroha

ROLL NO – 01221201720
CLASS – BBA (G) SECTION – A (4th SEM)
module TOPIC remarks
1. Introduction to SPSS
Make a data file with the following variables and their

information.
2.
Calculate the frequency distribution and measures of Central
tendency (Mean, Median, Mode) and Dispersion from the
following data.
3. Cross Tabulation
4. Correlation Analysis
Displaying skewness and kurtosis from the data given

5
6. Displaying box plot
Displaying Histograms using the given data

7.
8. Correlation through Crosstabs
9. Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation
10. Whitney U Test
11 One Way ANOVA

MODULE – 1
Introduction to SPSS
OVERVIEW:-
SPSS is the abbreviation of Statistical Package for Social Sciences and it is used
by researchers to perform statistical analysis. As the name
suggests, SPSS statistics software is used to perform only statistical operations.
The professionals at Statistics Solutions are experts in SPSS software and

statistical operations.
SPSS software is used to perform quantitative analysis and is used as a

complete statistical package that is based on a point and click interface. This
software has been widely used by researchers to perform quantitative analysis
since its development in the 1960s by Norman H. Nie, in collaboration with C.
Hadlai Hull and Dale Bent.
SPSS software can read and write data from other statistical packages,
databases, and spreadsheets. When entering data into the software, one has to
click on “variable view.” The variable view enables the user to customize
it by data type and consists of the following headings: Name, Type, Width,
Decimals, Label, Values, Missing, Columns, Align, and Measures. These
headings enable the user to characterize the data.
SPSS is most often used in social science fields such as psychology,

where statistical techniques are involved at a large scale. In the field of
psychology, techniques such as cross tabulation, t-test, chi square test, etc., are
available in the “analyze” menu of the software.
FEATURES:-
Now that we have a basic idea of how SPSS works, let's take a look at
what it can do. Following a typical project workflow, SPSS is great for
 Opening data files, either in SPSS’ own file format or many others;
 Editing data such as computing sums and means over columns or
rows of data. SPSS has outstanding options for more complex
operations as well.
 Creating tables and charts containing frequency counts or summary
statistics over (groups of) cases and variables.
 Running inferential statistics such as ANOVA, regression and factor
analysis.
 Saving data and output in a wide variety of file formats.
Role of Computerized Data Analysis:-
Right, so SPSS can open all sorts of data and display them -
and their metadata- in two sheets in its Data Editor window.
So how to analyze your data in SPSS? Well, one option is
using SPSS’ elaborate menu options.
Make a data file with the following variables and their information.
Now let us see how we can work efficiently through SPSS
Step 1;
Make a google form with its name RM file
Step 2;
Create data fields of empID, empname , gender,
age ,income ,education, marital status , age group, income
group
Step 3;
Record responses from various responders
Step 4;
Convert the responses into an excel file
Step 5;
import the data in spss from excel(xls format)
Displaying the data from data view

Displaying the data from variable view
Module 2
Calculate the frequency distribution and measures of Central

tendency (Mean, Median, Mode) and Dispersion from the
following data
Analyze the data using descriptive frequency statistics;

Displaying the frequency table
Displaying the data through charts (pie charts)

Module 3
Cross Tabulation
2)Displaying crosstabs in SPSS from the data present
Displaying the data in rows and columns through crosstabs

(Gender and Income crosstabulation)
Module 4
Correlation Analysis
2.1) Selecting case of the data(if condition)
Selecting the data using If condition (Age>20)

Obtaining the results from case select clause
2.2) case sorting (age in descending order)
Obtaining the results

Module 5
Displaying skewness and kurtosis from the data given
Step1 ; go to descriptive statistics and select frequencies
Step 2; Go to frequencies AND tick both the checkboxes of
skewness and kurtosis
Step 3; obtain the results

Module 6
Displaying box plot
Step 1; Go to analyze and select descriptive frequencies
Step 2; select frequencies under explore tab

Step 3; select the checkbox with normality plots
Step 4; obtain the results

Module 7
Displaying Histograms using the given data

Step 1; Go to analyze and select descriptive frequencies
Step 2; select frequencies under explore tab

Step 3; select the histogram checkbox
Step 4; choose the appropriate properties for the histogram

ie under curves select normal
You can also select the colors for the histogram
Module 8
CORRELATION THROUGH CROSSTABS
Step 1: Enter Data in Data View
Step 2: Enter Data in Variable View

Step 3: Go to Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Crosstabs
Step 4: Move Monthly Household Income under Row and Retail

Purchase under Column.
Step 5: Select Statistics and click on Correlations. Then press continue
Step 6: Press OK to get the required Output
Module 9
SPEARMAN’S RANK ORDER CORRELATION.
Show the relationship between the following data through SPEARMAN’S RANK
ORDER CORRELATION.
Ans. 9)

Step 3: Go to Analyze > Correlate > Bivariate

Step 4: Move Monthly Household Income and Retail Purchase under
Variables. Then select Spearman.

Module 10
MANNWHITNEY U TEST
Show the relationship between the following data through

MANNWHITNEY U TEST
Ans. 10)
Step 3: Go to Analyze > Nonparametric Tests > Legacy Dialogs > 2

Independent Samples
Step 4: Put Retail Store under Grouping Variable and Sale under Test
Variable List. Then, select Mann-Whitney U.
Step 5: Click on Define Groups

Step 6: Put 1 in Group 1 and 2 in Group 2. Then press continue

Step 8: Required Output
Module 11
ONE-WAY ANOVA
One-Way ANOVA ("analysis of variance") compares the means of two or more
independent groups in order to determine whether there is statistical evidence
that the associated population means are significantly different. One-Way
ANOVA is a parametric test.
This test is also known as:
• One-Factor ANOVA
• One-Way Analysis of Variance
• Between Subjects ANOVA
Ques. 7) Show the relationship between the following data through ONE WAY
ANOVA.
Ans. 7)
Step 3: Go to Analyze > Compare Means > One-Way ANOVA

Step 4: Move Sales under Dependent List and Quarter under Factor
Step 5: Click on Contrasts then select Polynomial. Press continue

Step 6: Select Options
Step 7: Select Descriptive & Homogeneity of Variance test. Press continue


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GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY

MAHARAJA SURAJMAL INSTITUTE

SUBMITTED BY – Aniket Singh SUBMITTED TO – DR. Bhoomika Saroha

Make a data file with the following variables and their

Displaying skewness and kurtosis from the data given

6. Displaying box plot

Displaying Histograms using the given data

8. Correlation through Crosstabs

9. Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation

10. Whitney U Test

11 One Way ANOVA

The professionals at Statistics Solutions are experts in SPSS software and

SPSS software is used to perform quantitative analysis and is used as a

SPSS is most often used in social science fields such as psychology,

Role of Computerized Data Analysis:-

Now let us see how we can work efficiently through SPSS

Displaying the data from data view

Calculate the frequency distribution and measures of Central

Analyze the data using descriptive frequency statistics;

Displaying the data through charts (pie charts)

2)Displaying crosstabs in SPSS from the data present

Displaying the data in rows and columns through crosstabs

2.1) Selecting case of the data(if condition)

Selecting the data using If condition (Age>20)

2.2) case sorting (age in descending order)

Obtaining the results

Step 3; obtain the results

Displaying box plot

Step 1; Go to analyze and select descriptive frequencies

Step 2; select frequencies under explore tab

Step 4; obtain the results

Displaying Histograms using the given data

Step 2; select frequencies under explore tab

Step 4; choose the appropriate properties for the histogram

Step 1: Enter Data in Data View

Step 2: Enter Data in Variable View

Step 4: Move Monthly Household Income under Row and Retail

Step 1: Enter Data in Data View

Step 3: Go to Analyze > Correlate > Bivariate

Step 5: Press OK to get the required Output

Show the relationship between the following data through

Step 3: Go to Analyze > Nonparametric Tests > Legacy Dialogs > 2

Step 5: Click on Define Groups

Step 7: Press OK to get the required Output

This test is also known as:

Step 3: Go to Analyze > Compare Means > One-Way ANOVA

Step 5: Click on Contrasts then select Polynomial. Press continue

Step 7: Select Descriptive & Homogeneity of Variance test. Press continue

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