Problems ؤا 5

Fluid dynamics Chapter 5
Problems
1. A large storage tank, open at the top and filled with water, develops a
small hole in its side at a point 16 m below the water level. If the rate of flow
from the leak is equal to 2.5x10-3 m3/min, determine (a) The speed at which
the water leaves the hole (b) the diameter of the hole.
2. Water flows through a fire hose of diameter 6.35 cm at a rate of to 0.12

m3/s. The fire hose ends in a nozzle of inner diameter 2.2 cm what is the
speed at which the water exits the nozzle?
3. A garden hose with an internal diameter of 1.9 cm is connected to a

stationary lawn sprinkler that consists of a container with 24 holes, each
with 0.13 cm diameter. If the water in the hose has a speed 0.91m/s, at what
speed does it leave the sprinkler holes?
4. Water is pumped steadily out of a flooded basement at a speed of 5m/s

through a uniform hose of radius 1 cm. The hose passes out through a
window 3 m above the waterline. What is the power of the pump?
5. Water is moving with a speed of 5m/s through a pipe with a cross-sectional

area of 4cm 2 . The water gradually descends 10m as the pipe cross-sectional
area increases to 8cm 2 . (a)What is the speed at the lower level (b) If the
pressure at the upper level is 1.5  10 5 Pa what is the pressure at the lower
level?
6. In figure water flows through a horizontal pipe and then out into the
atmosphere at a speed v1  15 m / s . The diameter of the left and the right
sections of the pipe are 5 cm and 3 cm. (a) what volume of water flows into
the atmosphere during a 10min period. In the left section of the pipe what
are (a) the speed v 2 and (c) the gauge pressure?
1
7. Water flows through a fire hose of diameter 6.35 cm at a rate of

0.012 m 3 / s . The fire hose ends in a nozzle of inner diameter 2.2 cm. what
is the speed with which the water exits the nozzle?
8. A Venturi tube may be used as a fluid flow meter (Fig.). If the difference
in pressure is (P1  P2 )  21KPa , find the
fluid flow rate in cubic meters per second,
given that the radius of the outlet tube is 1
cm, the radius of the inlet tube is 2 cm, and the fluid is gasoline (
  700 Kg / m 3 ).
9. A venturimeter reads height h1  30cm , h2  10cm . Find the velocity

flow in the pipe. A1  7.85  103 m 2 , A2  1.26  103 m 2 .
10. A horizontal pipe 10.0 cm in diameter has a smooth reduction to a

pipe 5.00 cm in diameter. If the pressure of the water in the larger pipe
is 8x104 Pa and the pressure in the smaller pipe is 6x104 Pa, at what
rate does water flow through the pipes?
11. Calculate the mass of a solid iron sphere that has a diameter of 3.00
cm.
12. A 50.0-kg woman balances on one heel of a pair of high heeled

shoes. If the heel is circular and has a radius of 0.500 cm, what pressure
does she exert on the floor?
2
13. What is the total mass

of the Earth’s
atmosphere? (The radius
of the Earth is 6.37x106 m,
and atmospheric pressure
at the surface is 1.013x105
N/m2.)
14. (a) Calculate the absolute pressure at an ocean depth of 1000 m.

Assume the density of seawater is 1 024 kg/m3 and that the air above
exerts a pressure of 101.3 kPa. (b) At this depth, what force must the
fram-e around a circular submarine porthole having a diameter of
30.0 cm exert to counterbalance the force exerted by the water?
15. The spring of the pressure gauge shown in Figure 14.2 has a force
constant of 1 000 N/m, and the piston has a diameter of 2.00 cm. As the
gauge is lowered into water, what change
in depth causes the piston to move in by
0.500 cm?
16. The small piston of a hydraulic lift has

a cross-sectional area of 3.00 cm2, and its
large piston has a cross-sectional area of
200 cm2 (Figure). What force must be applied to the small piston for
the lift to raise a load of 15.0 kN? (In service stations, this force is
usually exerted by compressed air.)
3
17. What must be the contact area between a suction cup (completely
exhausted) and a ceiling if the cup is to support the weight of an 80.0-
kg student?

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Fluid dynamics Chapter 5

2. Water flows through a fire hose of diameter 6.35 cm at a rate of to 0.12

3. A garden hose with an internal diameter of 1.9 cm is connected to a

4. Water is pumped steadily out of a flooded basement at a speed of 5m/s

5. Water is moving with a speed of 5m/s through a pipe with a cross-sectional

7. Water flows through a fire hose of diameter 6.35 cm at a rate of

9. A venturimeter reads height h1  30cm , h2  10cm . Find the velocity

10. A horizontal pipe 10.0 cm in diameter has a smooth reduction to a

12. A 50.0-kg woman balances on one heel of a pair of high heeled

13. What is the total mass

14. (a) Calculate the absolute pressure at an ocean depth of 1000 m.

16. The small piston of a hydraulic lift has

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