Disciplina: Inglês Nº Questões: 60

Duração: 120 minutos Alternativas por questão: 5

Ano: 2016

INSTRUÇÕES
1. Preencha as suas respostas na FOLHA DE RESPOSTAS que lhe foi fornecida no início desta prova. Não será aceite qualquer outra folha adicional, incluindo este enunciado.
2. Na FOLHA DE RESPOSTAS, assinale a letra que corresponde à alternativa escolhida pintando completamente o interior do rectângulo por cima da letra. Por exemplo, pinte
assim , se a resposta escolhida for A
3. A máquina de leitura óptica anula todas as questões com mais de uma resposta e/ou com borrões. Para evitar isto, preencha primeiro à lápis HB, e só depois, quando tiver
certeza das respostas, à esferográfica.

The next step in brain evolution

Emily Field is a native of a new planet. While the 20-year-old university may appear to live in London, she actually spends much of her
time in another galaxy – in the digital universe of websites, e-mails, text messages and mobile phone calls. The behaviour of Field and
her generation, say experts, is being shaped by digital technology as never before. It may be the next step in evolution, transforming our
brains and the way we think.
‘First thing every morning I check my mobile for messages, have a cup of tea and then check my e-mails,’ says Field. ‘I look at
Facebook.com, a social networking website, to see if anything has been written on my “wall”. I’m connected to about 80 people on chat.
I’ll then browse around the Internet, and if a news article on Yahoo catches my eye, I’ll read it.’
‘The other day, I went to meet a friend in town, and realized I’d left my mobile phone at home. I felt so lost without it that I panicked
and went back to collect it. I need to have it on me at all times. Technology is an essential part of my everyday life. I don’t know where
I’d be without it.’
That’s what makes Emily a ‘digital native’, someone who has never known a world without instant communication. Her mother,
Christine, on the other hand, is a ‘digital immigrant’, still coming to terms with a culture ruled by the ring of a mobile and the zip of e-
mails. Though 55-year-old Christine happily shops online and e-mails friends, at heart she’s still in the old world. ‘Children today are
permanently multitasking – downloading tracks, uploading photos, sending e-mails. It’s nonstop she says. ‘They find sitting down and
reading, even watching TV, too slow and boring.’
Are digital natives like Emily charting a new course for human intelligence? Many parents fear that children who spend hours glued to
computer screens will end up as zombies with the attention span of an insect. Cyberspace is full of junk, they worry, and computer
games are packed with mindless violence. But it need not be like that, say some experts, and increasingly it isn’t, as users exert more
control and discrimination.
The sheer mass of information in the modern world is forcing digital natives to make choices that those who grew up with only books
and television did not have to make. ‘Younger people sift more and filter more,’ says Helen Petrie, a professor of human-computer
interaction. ‘We have more information to deal with, and we pay less attention to particular bits of information, so it may appear that
attention spans are shorter.’
The question, then, is how digital natives learn to discriminate, and what determines the things that interest them? Parents who hope that
skills, values and limits are instilled at school may be fighting a losing battle. According to some educationalists, the reason why many
children today do not pay attention in school is that they find teaching methods dull compared with their digital experiences. Instead,
parameters are increasingly set by ‘wiki-thinking’, peer groups exchanging ideas through digital networks. Just as the online
encyclopedia Wikipedia has been built from the collective knowledge of thousands of contributors, so digital natives draw on the
experience and advice of online communities to share their interests.
Where is all this leading? Only one thing seems clear: changes propelled by the digital world are just beginning. Indeed, apart from age,
one of the differences between the natives and immigrants is the intuitive acceptance of rapid digital change. Parents may use the
Internet as much as their children, but what they are not used to doing is upgrading. The younger generations are much more used to
replacing old technology. Faster broadband speeds, smaller hardware – innovation is happening at such a pace that what was science
fiction a few years ago will soon be fact.
Anecdotally, it seems, a lot of natives in this digital culture are adept at multitasking, doing several things simultaneously. But nobody
knows exactly what the effect will be. ‘In a sense, we are running a grand-scale experiment. We’re bringing up a whole generation in
this totally new environment – without any firm evidence of how they will be affected.’

Adapted from The Time online

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Section 1: Comprehension check

Now answer the following questions by choosing only the best answer.
1 Why are the first three paragraphs devoted to Emily Field?
A. She is particularly interested in technology.
B. She is s typical university student.
C. She is a representative of people of her age.
D. She is studying the effects of digital technology on students.
E. She is the first person to experience digital technology.
2 How would you sum up Emily’s relationship with digital technology?
A. It doesn’t make much difference in her life.
B. She uses it mainly to support her academic studies.
C. It provides her with a meaningful social life.
D. It’s useful but she could live without it.
E. She is completely dependent on it.
3 The term ‘digital native’ is used to refer to someone who:
A. is inexperienced in using digital technology.
B. has always inhabited a digital environment.
C. is interested in using digital technology whenever possible.
D. has yet to come to terms with digital technology.
E. has a negative impression about digital technology.
4 How is Emily’s mother different from her daughter?
A. She is very uncomfortable using digital technology.
B. She rarely uses digital technology.
C. She is still adjusting to digital technology.
D. She prefers reading or watching TV.
E. She feels this is something for younger generation.
5 Some parents worry that continued exposure to digital technology will result in children:
A. becoming uncontrollable and violent.
B. having lower life expectancy.
C. being unable to discriminate between right and wrong.
D. losing the ability to pay attention for more than a few seconds.
E. losing interest in family issues.
6 Educationalists believe that digital natives may be developing their ideas and interests from:
A. older family members
B. online encyclopedias like Wikipedia.
C. internet contacts of their own age.
D. schools and teachers.
E. skills, values and limits.
7 What, according to the writer, is the only certainty which regard to the future of digital technology?
A. The world is at the start of the digital age.
B. Children will always be happier with digital technology than their parents.
C. Everybody will need to become accustomed to multitasking.
D. People will accept that digital technology is changing their world.
E. Soon people will divert their attention to a new technology.

Section 2: Language Use

Read the sentences and decide which answer A, B, C, D or E best fits each gap.
8 …………….. Joe arrived at the cinema, the film had finished.
A. While B. As soon as C. By the time D. As E. Whenever
9 Most people’s………………of living has improved dramatically in the last 50 years.
A. level B. method C. style D. pattern E. standard
10 The country’s gross…………..product has increased at an annual rate of 3.1%.
A. economic B. financial C. internal D. domestic E. external
11 All the computers in the company are on a single……………. .
A. network B. link C. connection D. alliance E. design
12 He attempted to …………….. the customs officer to let him through.
A. tip B. buy C. fine D. pay E. bribe
13 My bank account is finally back in the ……………. .
A. blue B. green C. brown D. black E. grey
14 I’m saving up so that I have a decent ……………. when I’m old.
A. pocket money B. account C. assistance D. deposit E. pension
15 I can’t lend you any money. I’m completely ……………… at the moment.
A. broke B. broken C. stingy D. flashy E. empty
16 Maria’s English is excellent. She speaks ……………… .
A. perfectly English B. English perfectly C. perfect English D. English perfect
E. perfected English
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17 Why ……………….. angry with me yesterday?

A. were you B. was you C. you were D. have you been E. you was
18 I speak Italian but ……………………….. French.
A. I speak not B. I’m not speaking C. I doesn’t speak D. I do speak E. I don’t speak
19 Liz is from Edinburgh. She ………………….. there all her life.
A. is living B. has lived C. lives D. lived E. live
20 My friend ………………………… for me when I arrived.
A. waited B. has waited C. has been waiting D. was waiting E. is waiting
21 ‘Can you drive?’ ‘No, ……………… a car but I want to learn.’
A. I never drove B. I’m never driving C. I’ve never driven D. I was never driving
E. never drive
22 Tim always asks me …………….. money when I see him.
A. for B. about C. from D. after E. of
23 My neighbours always take care …………….. my dog whenever I go away.
A. of B. into C. on D. about E. for
24 Chris decided to apply ………………… the job of Assistant Manager.
A. to B. on C. for D. into E. about
25 Nobody believed Paul at first but he ……… to be right.
A. came out B. turned out C. worked out D. carried out E. came in
26 Here’s some good news. It will………… .
A. turn you up B. put you up C. blow you up D. break you up E. cheer you up
27 I was annoyed with the way the children were behaving, so I………….. .
A. told them off B. told them up C. told them out D. told them over
E. told them over
28 The club committee is ……… of the president, the secretary and seven other members.
A. set up B. made up C. set out D. made out E. set off
29 You were going to apply for the job, and then you decided not to. So what……….. ?
A. put you off B. put you out C. turned you off D. turned you away
E. put you down
30 Why are all these people here? What’s ……………….?
A. going off B. getting off C. getting on D. going out E. going on
31 A new building is going to ……………. next year.
A. build B. be build C. be building D. be built E. building
32 There’s somebody walking behind us. I think ……………… .
A. we were following B. we are being following C. we were followed
D. we are being followed E. we were being followed
33 I couldn’t sleep …………..very tired.
A. although I was B. despite I was C. despite of being D. in spite of being
E. despite be
34 ‘What’s that noise?’ ‘It sounds…………….. a baby crying.’
A. as B. like C. as if D. as though E. through
35 They are very kind to me. They treat me…………….their own son.
A. like I’m B. as if I’m C. as if I were D. as like I was E. as
36 Mechanics had checked the cars ………………… the race started.
A. before B. while C. as D. after E. meanwhile
37 Goodbye! I’ll see you……………………. .
A. at Friday morning B. on Friday morning C. in Friday morning
D. over Friday morning E. since Friday morning
38 Lisa was carrying a …………………. bag.
A. black small plastic B. small and black plastic C. small black plastic
D. plastic small black E. plastic small and black
39 I haven’t seen her for …………….. , I’ve forgotten what she looks like.
A. a big time B. so long time C. a such long time D. such a long time E. long time
40 We haven’t got ………………………… on holiday at the moment.
A. money enough to go B. enough money to go C. money enough for going
D. enough money for going E. enough money to going
41 The exam was fairly easy - …………….. I expected.
A. more easy than B. more easy that C. easier as D. easier like
E. easier than
42 Patrick is a fast runner. I can’t run as fast as …………………… .
A. he B. him C. his D. himself E. can he
43 Joe never phones me. …………………………….. .
A. Always I have to phone him B. Have I to phone him always C. I have always to phone him
D. I have to phone always him E. I always have to phone him
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44 ‘I’ve lost my gloves.’ ‘You ……………….. it somewhere.’

A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropping
E. must dropped
45 You missed a great party last night. You ………………… . Why didn’t you?
A. must have come B. can have come C. ought to have come D. had to come
E. must come
46 It’s late. It’s time …………………………….. home.
A. we go B. we must go C. we should go D. we can go E. to go
47 ………………………… a bit longer, but I really have to go now.
A. I’d stay B. I’ll stay C. I can stay D. I’d have E. I’d have stayed

Section 3: Vocabulary
Fill in the text with the most suitable word.

Earth Getting Darker As Sunlight Decreases

In a recent report, scientists …………. (48) that the Earth is getting darker because of pollution in the atmosphere. The reason for this
……………… (49) apparent in 2011 when flights in the US were grounded for a few days and scientists ……………. (50) that days
were brighter and nights were cooler. It is thought that pollution is ……………. (51) for this. Sunlight is reflected back into space after
hitting particles created by car fumes, aerosols and aeroplanes.
Scientists ……………. (52) that this phenomenon may have …………… (53) the climate from becoming even warmer. They also
believe that when anti-pollution laws ………….. (54) into effect, the speed at which the world’s climate changes will …………. (55).
To the surprise of scientists ……………. (56) the world, hundreds of instruments recorded a drop of around ten per cent in the amount
of sunshine which was ………….. (57) the surface of the Earth from the late 1950s to the early 1990s.
The ………….. (58) on agriculture could be very damaging, since even a one per cent reduction in sunlight is enough to reduce the
growth of some crops. The factors that have led to the reduction in sunlight also cause various environmental problems, such as air
pollution and acid rain. Some scientists believe that the reflection of heat has …………. (59) the oceans cooler. As a result, less rain
forms and this may have played a …………. (60) in changing weather patterns in the last few years.
Adapted from The Daily Mail

48 A. tell B. inform C. say D. instruct E. claim

49 A. came B. became C. got D. made E. turned
50 A. noticed B. learned C. knew D. measured E. realized
51 A. guilty B. accused C. suspicious D. blamed E. responsible
52 A. advise B. alert C. alarm D. warn E. inform
53 A. prevented B. avoided C. controlled D. protected E. made
54 A. go B. arrive C. come D. become E. take
55 A. increase B. grow up C. develop D. hurry up E. turn up
56 A. over B. around C. in D. through E. inside
57 A. arriving B. touching C. getting D. reaching E. achieving
58 A. effect B. result C. change D. consequence E. outcome
59 A. caused B. resulted C. made D. got E. became
60 A. piece B. part C. effect D. game E. goal

The End