1872cavitemutiny Presentation

Historical Controversy
The Cavite Mutiny 1872

The Cavite Mutiny is one of the most
significant historical accounts in the
Philippine History
The Cavite Mutiny of 1872
Many believe that the Cavite Mutiny of January 20,

1872 was the beginning of Filipino nationalism
that would eventually lead to the Philippine

Revolution of 1896. This phenomenon was an uprising
of military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish

arsenal in Cavite, Philippines on January 20,
1872. It was believed that around 200 soldiers and

laborers rose up in in arms against the Spanish
colonizers. Participants were executed and there was

a crackdown on the beginnings of the
sentiments of nationalism.
2 Major Events
1872 Cavite Mutiny
Martyrdom of the Three Priest

(GOMBURZA) • Father Mariano Gomez
• Jose Burgos
• Jacinto Zamora
Mutiny is a rebellion against authority
comes from an old verb, mutine,

which means "revolt,"
The Two Faces of the 1872 Cavite
Mutiny
Spanish Filipino
Version Version
Mutiny
SpanishFilipino
Version
Version
1872 Cavite Mutiny Spanish
Perspective
1872 Cavite Mutiny Spanish Perspective
Jose Montero y Vidal
- a prolific Spanish historian documented the event and
highlighted it as an attempt of the Indios to overthrow
the Spanish government in the Philippines.
* Meanwhile, Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo’s official report

magnified the event and made use of it to implicate the
native clergy, which was then active in the call for
secularization.
SECULARIZATION
- the action or process of converting something from
religious to secular possession or use.
1872 Cavite Mutiny Spanish Perspective
Governor General Rafael Izquierdo

- He was a Spanish Military Officer

“Iron Fist” type of government
- He was the Governor-General during the 1872 Cavite

Mutiny which led to execution of 41 of the mutineers,
including the GomBurZa martyrs.
- He was the one who wrote the Official Report of Cavite

Mutiny
Spanish Accounts of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny
* It is apparent that the accounts underscore the reason
for the “revolution”: the abolition of privileges enjoyed
by the workers of the Cavite arsenal such as exemption
from payment of tribute and being employed in polos y
servicios, or force labor.
* They also identified other reasons which seemingly

made the issue a lot more serious, which included the
presence of the native clergy, who, out of spite against
the Spanish friars, “conspired and supported” the rebels.
* Izquierdo, in an obviously biased report, highlighted
that attempt to overthrow the Spanish government in
the Philippines to install a new “hari” in the persons of
Fathers Burgos and Zamora.
* In the Spaniards accounts, the events of 1872 were

premeditated, and was part of a big conspiracy among
the educated leaders, mestizos, lawyers, and residents
of Manila and Cavite. They allegedly plan to liquidate
high-ranking Spanish officers, then kill the friars.
January 20, 1872

* The district of Sampaloc celebrated the feast of the
Virgin of Loreto, and came with it were some fireworks
displays. The Cavitenos allegedly mistook this as the
signal to commence with the attack.
* The 200-men contingent led by Sergeant Lamadrid

attacked Spanish officers at sight and seized the
arsenal.
* Izquierdo, upon learning the attack, ordered the
reinforcement of the Spanish forces in Cavite to quell the
revolt.
* The “revolution” was easily crushed, when the Manilenos

who were expected to aid the Cavitenos did not arrive.
* Leaders of the plot were killed in the resulting skirmish,

while Fathers Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora were tried by a
court-martial and sentenced to be executed.
OTHERS WHO WERE IMPLICATED SUCH AS:
Joaquin Pardo De Antonio Ma. Regidor Jose Basa Pio Basa

Tavera
* and other abogadillos were suspended by the Audencia (High Court) from
the practice of law, arrested and were sentenced with life imprisonment at
the Marianas Island.
OTHERS WHO WERE IMPLICATED SUCH AS:
* Izquierdo dissolved the native regiments of

artillery and ordered the creation of an artillery
force composed exclusively by Peninsulares.
February
Joaquin Pardo De 17, 1872Jose Basa
Antonio Ma. Regidor Pio Basa
Tavera
* (GOMBURZA) were executed to serve as a
threat
* and other abogadillos tosuspended
were Filipinosbynever to attempt
the Audencia to fight
(High Court) from the
the practice of law, arrested andagain.
Spaniards were sentenced with life imprisonment at
the Marianas Island.
Mutiny
Spanish Filipino
Version
Version
A Response to Injustice: 1872
Cavite Mutiny Filipino Version
1872 Cavite Mutiny Filipino Perspective
Dr. Trinidad Hermenegildo
Pardo De Tavera
- A filipino historian and scholar
- He wrote a filipino version of the bloody incident in Cavite
* " The incident was a mere mutiny by the native Filipino

soldiers and laborers of the Cavite arsenal who turned out to
be dissatisfied with the abolition of their privileges. Izquierdo’s
(abolition of privileges and the prohibition of the founding of
school of arts and trades."
Filipino Accounts of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny
* Uprising of military personnel of Fort San Felipe(The

Spanish arsenal in Cavite Philippines)
January 20, 1872

* about 200 men comprised of soldiers, laborers of the
arsenal, and residents of Cavite headed by Sergeant
Lamadrid rose in arms and assassinated the
commanding officer and Spanish officers in sight. The
insurgents were expecting support from the bulk of the
army unfortunately, that didn’t happen.
GOMBURZA
- Collective name of the three martyred priests- tagged
as the masterminds of the Cavite Mutiny.
* They were prominent Filipino priests charged with
treason and sedition.
* The Spanish clergy connected the priests to the mutiny

as part of a conspiracy to stifle the movement of secular
priests who desired to have their own Parishes instead of
being assistants to the regular friars.
GOMBURZA

GOMBURZA

FEBRUARY 17, 1872

The GOMBURZA were executed by garrote in public to
serve as a threat to filipinos never to attempt to fight
the Spaniards again.
Garrote - killing someone by strangulation typically

with an iron wire or cord.
Unraveling the Truth
Considering the four accounts of the 1872 Mutiny, there were some
basic facts that remained to be unvarying...
First, there was dissatisfaction among the workers of the arsenal
as well as the members of the native army after their privileges
were drawn back by Gen. Izquierdo;
Second,Gen. Izquierdo introduced rigid and strict policies that

made the Filipinos move and turn away from Spanish government
out of disgust;
Third, the Central Government failed to conduct an investigation

on what truly transpired but relied on reports of Izquierdo and the
friars and the opinion of the public;
Fourth, the happy days of the friars were already numbered in
1872 when the Central Government in Spain decided to deprive
them of the power to intervene in government affairs as well as
in the direction and management of schools prompting them to
commit frantic moves to extend their stay and power;
Fifth, the Filipino clergy members actively participated in

the secularization movement in order to allow Filipino priests to
take hold of the parishes in the
coutry making them prey to the rage of the friars;

Sixth, Filipinos during the time were active participants, and
responded to what they deemed as injustices; and
Lastly, the execution of GOMBURZA was a blunder on the part

of the Spanish government, for the action severed the ill-
feelings of the Filipinos and the event inspired Filipino patriots to
call for reforms and eventually independence.
Execution of GOMBURZA
the event leads to

awakening of
Nationalism and
outbreak of Philippine
Revolution of 1896
Execution of GOMBURZA
El Filibusterismo
Rizal dedicated El Filibusterismo
to the three martyred priests of
Cavite mutiny. The execution of
the three priests was significant
to the title of the novel.
The Cavite Mutiny 1872
SUMMARY
FILIPINO VERSION
- it's a simple mutiny by the native Filipino soldiers and laborers of the
Cavite arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the abolition of
their privileges.
SPANISH VERSION
- an attempt of the Indios to overthrow the Spanish government in
the Philippines.,
the cavite mutiny paved the way to
1896 Philippine Revolution
the 1896 philippine revolution
El Filibusterismo /
Noli Me Tangera
GOMBURZA
Cavite Mutiny
El Filibusterismo /
Noli Me Tangera
GOMBURZA
Cavite Mutiny
Thank El Filibusterismo /
Noli Me Tangera
You!
GOMBURZA
Cavite Mutiny

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Historical Controversy

The Cavite Mutiny 1872

Many believe that the Cavite Mutiny of January 20,

that would eventually lead to the Philippine

of military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish

1872. It was believed that around 200 soldiers and

colonizers. Participants were executed and there was

Martyrdom of the Three Priest

comes from an old verb, mutine,

* Meanwhile, Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo’s official report

- He was a Spanish Military Officer

- He was the Governor-General during the 1872 Cavite

- He was the one who wrote the Official Report of Cavite

* They also identified other reasons which seemingly

* In the Spaniards accounts, the events of 1872 were

January 20, 1872

* The 200-men contingent led by Sergeant Lamadrid

* The “revolution” was easily crushed, when the Manilenos

* Leaders of the plot were killed in the resulting skirmish,

Joaquin Pardo De Antonio Ma. Regidor Jose Basa Pio Basa

* Izquierdo dissolved the native regiments of

* " The incident was a mere mutiny by the native Filipino

* Uprising of military personnel of Fort San Felipe(The

January 20, 1872

* The Spanish clergy connected the priests to the mutiny

* The Spanish clergy connected the priests to the mutiny

* The Spanish clergy connected the priests to the mutiny

FEBRUARY 17, 1872

Garrote - killing someone by strangulation typically

Second,Gen. Izquierdo introduced rigid and strict policies that

Third, the Central Government failed to conduct an investigation

Fifth, the Filipino clergy members actively participated in

coutry making them prey to the rage of the friars;

Lastly, the execution of GOMBURZA was a blunder on the part

the event leads to

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