The University of Da Nang

Da Nang University of Technology

EE361 LAB REPORT

APPLIES ELECTROMAGNETICS

Instructor: Thai Vu Hien

Team member: Hoang Thi Hanh Phuc
Nguyen Thi Quynh Anh
 EE361 Lab 3
Magnetostatics with MATLAB

1. Exercise 1: Plot magnetic field of a current

Suppose we have a infinitely long current I 1 = +1. ^z[A] flowing in the +z direction. The
current I 1 crosses the z = 0 plane at the position ( x I 1 = −0.5 cm , y I 1=−0.5 cm).
The magnetic field that this current generates at a position (x,y) in the z = 0 plane is
given by:
μ 0 I 1 × R1 μ 0 ^z .[ ( x−x I 1 ) . x^ + ( y − y I 1 ) . ^y ] −μ 0 ( x−x I 1 ) . ^y + μ0 ( y− y I 1 ) . x^
B1= 2
= 2
= 2 [T] (1)
2 Π R1 2 Π R1 2 Π R1

μ0 ( y− y I 1 ) μ0 ( y− y I 1 )
B1 x = = 2 2
2ΠR 2
1
2 Π [ ( x−x I ) + ( y− y I ) ]
1 1

μ 0 ( x−x I 1 ) μ 0 ( x−x I 1)
B1 y = = 2 2
2 Π R21 2 Π [ ( x−x I ) + ( y− y I ) ]
1 1

Where R1 = ( x−x q 1 ). ^x + ( y − y q 1 ) ∙ ^y is the position vector of the point (x, y) with respect to
the charge.
MATLAB code:
1. clear all;  
2.   
3. % Define the permeability constant  
4. mu0 = 4*pi*1e-7;  
5.   
6. % Create a x-y grid [-2cm -> 2cm] x [-2cm -> 2cm]  
7. [x,y] = meshgrid(-2:0.2:2, -2:0.2:2);  
8.   
9. I1 = 1;   
10.   
11. xI1 = -0.5; % xI1 = -0.5 cm  
12. yI1 = -0.5; % yI1 = -0.5 cm  
13.   
14. % Calculate distance from each grid point  
15. % to the point charge I1  
16. R1 = sqrt((x-xI1).^2+(y-yI1).^2);  
17.   
18. % Calculate x-component of the magnetic field  
19. B1x = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*(y-yI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
20. % Calculate y-component of the magnetic field  
21. B1y = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*-(x-xI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
22.   
23. %Plot the B-field  
24. figure  
25. streamslice(x, y, B1x, B1y);  
26. axis([-2 2 -2 2]);  
27. hold on;  
 28. title('Hanh Phuc - Quynh Anh');  
29. xticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
30. xlabel('x [cm]');  
31. yticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
32. ylabel('y [cm]');  
33. hold off;  
34. colormap('jet');  
The plot:

Comment:
 The magnetic field lines around a long wire which carries an electric current form
concentric circles around the wire.
 The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the wire
2. Exercise 2: Magnetic field of two current
2.1 Write your program
In this exercise, you have to write a MATLAB program to plot magnetic field and of two
parallel currents I 1 = +1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] and I 2 = −1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] collocating in the same space. The
current I 1 is in the +z direction and the current I 2 is in the -z direction. The two currents
cross the z=0 plane at the position ( x I 1 = −0.5 cm , y I 1=−0.5 cm) and the position ( x I 2 =
+0.5 cm , y I 2=+0.5 cm), respectively. Note that the magnetic field is the superposition of
fields generated by the two currents. Refer to previous exercises to write your program.
Briefly describe the electric field.
MATLAB code:
1. clear all;  
2.   
3. % Define the permeability constant  
4. mu0 = 4*pi*1e-7;  
5.   
6. % Create a x-y grid [-2cm -> 2cm] x [-2cm -> 2cm]  
7. [x,y] = meshgrid(-2:0.2:2, -2:0.2:2);  
8.   
9. I1 = 1;  
10. I2 = -1;  
11.   
12. xI1 = -0.5; % xI1 = -0.5 cm  
13. yI1 = -0.5; % yI1 = -0.5 cm  
14.   
15. xI2 = 0.5; % xI2 = 0.5 cm  
16. yI2 = 0.5; % yI2 = 0.5 cm  
17.   
18. % Calculate distance from each grid point  
19. % to the point charge I1 and I2  
20. R1 = sqrt((x-xI1).^2+(y-yI1).^2);  
21. R2 = sqrt((x-xI2).^2+(y-yI2).^2);  
22.   
23. % Calculate x-component of the magnetic field  
24. B1x = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*(y-yI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
25. B2x = 1e+4*mu0*I2.*(y-yI2)./(2*pi.*(R2).^2);  
26. Bx = B1x + B2x;  
27. % Calculate y-component of the magnetic field  
28. B1y = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*-(x-xI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
29. B2y = 1e+4*mu0*I2.*-(x-xI2)./(2*pi.*(R2).^2);  
30. By = B1y + B2y;  
31.   
32. %Plot the B-field  
33. figure  
34. streamslice(x, y, Bx, By);  
35. axis([-2 2 -2 2]);  
36. hold on;  
37. title('Phuc - Anh     [I1 = 1; I2 = 0]');  
38. xticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
39. xlabel('x [cm]');  
40. yticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
41. ylabel('y [cm]');  
42. hold off;  
43. colormap('jet');  
The plot:
Comment:
 The magnetic fields of the two currents are in opposite directions.
 Two magnetic fields of the same magnitude.
2.2 Observe the electric field
Now, change the value of I 2 to, −2 ⋅ ^z [ A ] ,1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] , 2⋅ z^ [ A ] and plot the magnetic field for
each case. (Keep value of I 1 and position of all the currents)
MATLAB code:
1. clear all;  
2.   
3. % Define the permeability constant  
4. mu0 = 4*pi*1e-7;  
5.   
6. % Create a x-y grid [-2cm -> 2cm] x [-2cm -> 2cm]  
7. [x,y] = meshgrid(-2:0.2:2, -2:0.2:2);  
8.   
9. I1 = 1;  
10. I2 = -2;  
11. %I2 = 1;  
12. %I2 = 2;  
13.   
14. xI1 = -0.5; % xI1 = -0.5 cm  
15. yI1 = -0.5; % yI1 = -0.5 cm  
16.   
17. xI2 = 0.5; % xI2 = 0.5 cm  
18. yI2 = 0.5; % yI2 = 0.5 cm  
19.   
20. % Calculate distance from each grid point  
21. % to the point charge I1 and I2  
22. R1 = sqrt((x-xI1).^2+(y-yI1).^2);  
23. R2 = sqrt((x-xI2).^2+(y-yI2).^2);  
24.   
25. % Calculate x-component of the magnetic field  
26. B1x = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*(y-yI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
27. B2x = 1e+4*mu0*I2.*(y-yI2)./(2*pi.*(R2).^2);  
28. Bx = B1x + B2x;  
29. % Calculate y-component of the magnetic field  
30. B1y = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*-(x-xI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
31. B2y = 1e+4*mu0*I2.*-(x-xI2)./(2*pi.*(R2).^2);  
32. By = B1y + B2y;  
33.   
34. %Plot the B-field  
35. figure  
36. streamslice(x, y, Bx, By);  
37. axis([-2 2 -2 2]);  
38. hold on;  
39.   
40. if(I2 == -2)  
41.     title('Phuc - Anh     [I1 = 1; I2 = -2]');  
42. elseif(I2 == 1)  
43.     title('Phuc - Anh     [I1 = 1; I2 = 1]');  
44. elseif (I2 == 2)  
45.     title('Phuc - Anh     [I1 = 1; I2 = 2]');  
46. end  
47.   
48. xticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
49. xlabel('x [cm]');  
50. yticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
51. ylabel('y [cm]');  
52. hold off;  
53. colormap('jet');  
The plot:

Comment:
 The magnetic fields of the two currents are in opposite directions.
 Magnetic field 2 is larger than field 1.

Comment:
 The magnetic fields of the two currents are in same directions.
 Two magnetic fields have the same magnitude.
Comment:
 The magnetic fields of the two currents are in opposite directions.
 Magnetic field 2 is larger than field 1.
3. Exercise 3: Magnetic field of four currents
In this exercise, you have to write a MATLAB program to plot magnetic field in the z = 0
plane of four currents:
I 1 = +1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] crossing the z = 0 plane at ( −0.5 cm ,−0.5 cm ),

I 2 = −1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] crossing the z = 0 plane at ( −0.5 cm ,+0.5 cm),

I 3 = +1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] crossing the z = 0 plane at ( +0.5 cm ,+0.5 cm ),

I 4 = −1 ⋅ ^z [ A ] crossing the z = 0 plane at ( +0.5 cm ,−0.5 cm),

MATLAB code:
1. clear all;  
2.   
3. % Define the permeability constant  
4. mu0 = 4*pi*1e-7;  
5.   
6. % Create a x-y grid [-2cm -> 2cm] x [-2cm -> 2cm]  
7. [x,y] = meshgrid(-2:0.2:2, -2:0.2:2);  
8.   
9. I1 = 1;  
10. I2 = -1;  
11. I3 = 1;  
12. I4 = -1;  
13.   
14. xI1 = -0.5; % xI1 = -0.5 cm  
15. yI1 = -0.5; % yI1 = -0.5 cm  
16.   
17. xI2 = -0.5; % xI2 = -0.5 cm  
18. yI2 = 0.5; % yI2 = 0.5 cm  
19.   
20. xI3 = 0.5; % xI3 = 0.5 cm  
21. yI3 = 0.5; % yI3 = 0.5 cm  
22.   
23. xI4 = 0.5; % xI4 = 0.5 cm  
24. yI4 = -0.5; % yI4 = -0.5 cm  
25.   
26. % Calculate distance from each grid point  
27. % to the point charge I1, I2, I3 and I4  
28. R1 = sqrt((x-xI1).^2+(y-yI1).^2);  
29. R2 = sqrt((x-xI2).^2+(y-yI2).^2);  
30. R3 = sqrt((x-xI3).^2+(y-yI3).^2);  
31. R4 = sqrt((x-xI4).^2+(y-yI4).^2);  
32.   
33. % Calculate x-component of the magnetic field  
34. B1x = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*(y-yI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
35. B2x = 1e+4*mu0*I2.*(y-yI2)./(2*pi.*(R2).^2);  
36. B3x = 1e+4*mu0*I3.*(y-yI3)./(2*pi.*(R3).^2);  
37. B4x = 1e+4*mu0*I4.*(y-yI4)./(2*pi.*(R4).^2);  
38. Bx = B1x + B2x + B3x + B4x;  
39. % Calculate y-component of the magnetic field  
40. B1y = 1e+4*mu0*I1.*-(x-xI1)./(2*pi.*(R1).^2);  
41. B2y = 1e+4*mu0*I2.*-(x-xI2)./(2*pi.*(R2).^2);  
42. B3y = 1e+4*mu0*I3.*-(x-xI3)./(2*pi.*(R3).^2);  
43. B4y = 1e+4*mu0*I4.*-(x-xI4)./(2*pi.*(R4).^2);  
44. By = B1y + B2y + B3y + B4y;  
45.   
46. %Plot the B-field  
47. figure  
48. streamslice(x, y, Bx, By);  
49. axis([-2 2 -2 2]);  
50. hold on;  
51.   
52. title('Phuc - Anh     [I1 = 1; I2 = -1; I3 = 1; I4 = -1]');  
53.   
54.   
55. xticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
56. xlabel('x [cm]');  
57. yticks([-2 -1 0 1 2]);  
58. ylabel('y [cm]');  
59. hold off;  
60. colormap('jet');  
The plot:

Comment:
 Four magnetic interact with each other.
 Four magnetic fields have the same magnitude