J A N N A H

5th Dec 2022 @ 8pm GMT

steps to led by Sheikh dr. sajid umar

AYATUL AHKAM - THE FEATURES OF AL-QURAN
WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF TAFSEER WITH RESPECT TO QURAN WHAT IS THE 5 SOURCES OF TAFSEER? HOW DO THE TAFSEER
Linguistically: DERIVED FROM THE FIRST THREE GENERATIONS OF MUSLIMS?
>> Fasara - something manifesting itself; becoming
apparent 1. The Qur’an itself
>> Musaafir –traveler; become distinct/apparent in 2. The Authentic Sunnah of the Prophet
the land they travel to (salAllahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)
3. The Arabic language –as long as it doesn’t
Technically: contradict the meanings of the Shari’ah
Imam Suyuti define tafseer as a manifestation or
4. The explanation of the first three generations
explanation of the meaning of the Quran, making
of the Muslims (Sahabah, Tabi’een, Atba’a
unknown words to known and none others than the
Quran explanation of meanings shall be excluded tabi’een ~240 A/H)
from the meaning of tafseer i.e. The tafseer of the Sahabah in which they
>> qiraat info in tafseer book is only supplementary, highlight the Sabab al Nuzool (reason for
not tafseer revelation)
>> tafseer is meaning of the Quran, not words of Allah What they mentioned that the Prophet
(to exclude hadith qudsi which entails kalamullah) (salAllahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said as an
explanation of this ayah
On which a consensus (ijmaa’) of the
WHAT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY AND THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING Sahabah occurred
TAFSEER UPON THE SCHOLARS AND UMMAH? On which there was no consensus, then
the meanings are within the boundaries of
For the scholars, teaching Tafseer is Fard the views shared from the first 3
Kifaayah (communal obligation) generations
5. The Israeeliyat's
For the masses, it is a book to be recited;
however its primary function is to ponder over its
meanings (Tadabbur) –which requires tafseer WHAT PRINCIPLES APPLY WHEN CONSIDERING THE
ISRAELEEYAT’S AS TAFSEER?
>> Majority of the scholars of Tafseer mention we
SHOD 38:29 can benefit from these references

‫ِك َٰت ٌب َأن َز ۡل َٰن ُه ِإ َل ۡي َك‬

>> We only apply them with the following
principles:

‫ك ِّلَي َّد َّبُرٓو ْا َء ا َٰي ِت ۦِه‬ٞ ‫ُم َٰب َر‬

If we know them to be authentic without
doubt, then we can narrate them
‫ُأ‬
‫َو ِل َي َت َذ َّك َر ْو ُلو ْا ٱ َأۡلۡل َٰب ِب‬
If our sources are silent about them and they
do not contradict….
This is a blessed Book that We
have sent down to you [O Prophet]
so that they may reflect upon its How would want ponder
verses, and so that people of
upon Quran by not
understanding may take heed
understanding the tafseer?
 J A N N A H
5th Dec 2022 @ 8pm GMT

steps to led by Sheikh dr. sajid umar

HADITH #2 - ISLAM, FAITH, AND EXCELLENCE
3RD PART OF HADITH #2 EEMAN & ISLAM
‫ َف َع ِج ْب َنا َلُه َيْس َأُلُه َوُيَص ِّد ُق ُه‬. ‫ َص َد ْق ت‬: ‫َق اَل‬

From previous lesson, it has been brief the
‫َأ‬
‫ َف ْخ ِبْر ِني َع ْن اِإْليَم اِن‬: ‫َق اَل‬ relationship between Eeman and Islam. Referring
to the hadiths where Rasulullah explained to Abu
The man said, "You have spoken truly." We were astonished
at his questioning him (the Messenger) and telling him that
Qays on how eeman is manifested in actions from
he was right, but he went on to say, "Inform me about iman." the pillar of Islam, eeman and Islam are
connected.
،‫ َأْن ُتْؤ ِم َن ِبَالَّلِه َوَم اَل ِئَكِتِه َو ُكُتِبِه َوُرُس ِلِه َو اْلَي ْو ِم اآْل ِخ ِر‬: ‫َق اَل‬
.‫َو ُتْؤ ِم َن ِباْلَق َد ِر َخْي ِرِه َو َش ِّرِه‬ Does eeman consists of actions (predominantly

‫َأ‬
. ‫ َف ِبْر ِني َع ْن اِإْلْحَس اِن‬: ‫ َق اَل‬.‫ َص َد ْق ت‬: ‫َق اَل‬
‫ْخ‬
‘from the realm of Islam’? Does eeman increase
and decrease? Does Islam increase and decrease?

.‫ َف ِإْن َلْم َتُكْن َتَراُه َف ِإَّنُه َيَراك‬،‫ َأْن َتْع ُبَد َهَّللا َك َأَّنك َتَراُه‬: ‫َق اَل‬

>> Majority of the scholars of ummah agreed that
‫ َم ا اْلَم ْس ُئوُل َع ْن َه ا ِبَأْع َلَم‬: ‫ َق اَل‬. ‫ َف َأْخ ِبْر ِني َع ْن الَّس اَع ِة‬: ‫َق اَل‬ eeman consist of actions.
. ‫ِم ْن الَّس اِئِل‬ >> Allah describes solah as eeman in the Quran

Al-Baqarah - 2:143, ‫َوَم ا َك اَن ٱلَّلُه ِلُيِض يَع ِإيَٰم َنُكْۚم‬
‫ َو َأْن‬،‫ َأْن َتِلَد اَأْلَم ُة َرَّبَت َه ا‬: ‫ َف َأْخ ِبْر ِني َع ْن َأَم اَراِتَه ا؟ َق اَل‬: ‫َق اَل‬
. ‫َتَرى اْلُحَف اَة اْلُع َراَة اْلَع اَلَة ِرَع اَء الَّش اِء َيَت َط اَو ُلوَن ِفي اْلُبْن َي اِن‬
And never would Allah have caused you to lose
،‫ َفَلِبْث ُت َم ِلًّي ا‬، ‫ُثَّم اْنَط َلَق‬
your faith [i.e., your previous prayers].

>> Minority (the Hanafis) say that eeman not
.‫ َيا ُع َم ُر َأَتْد ِري َم ْن الَّس اِئُل ؟‬: ‫ُثَّم َق اَل‬ consists of actions, matter of belief, connected to

tasdiq and tasdiq refers to immovable ratifications
. ‫ ُهَّللا َوَرُس وُلُه َأْع َلُم‬: ‫‬‫ُقْلُت‬ of an idea, with unshakable trust; related to the

heart and belief.action is a manifestation of the
." ‫ َف ِإَّنُه ِج ْب ِريُل َأَتاُكْم ُيَع ِّلُم ُكْم ِديَنُكْم‬: ‫َق اَل‬ belief;

] ‫[َرَو اُه ُم ْس ِلٌم‬

>>Majority agrees eeman increases and decreases
He (the Messenger of Allah) answered,
"It is that you believe because it is upon actions, based on hadith: Faith
in Allah and His angels and
His Books and His Messengers
and in the Last Day, and in qadar (fate), both in its good and
has over seventy branches or over sixty branches,
in its evil aspects." He said, "You have spoken truly." the most excellent of which is the declaration that
there is no god but Allah, and the humblest of
Then he (the man) said, "Inform me about Ihsan." He (the which is the, removal of what is injurious from the
Messenger of Allah) answered, "It is that you should serve
Allah as though you could see Him, for though you cannot
path: and modesty is the branch of faith.
see Him yet (know that) He sees you." minority say no, because eeman is either belief or
not and if eeman is to be judged by action, one
He said, "Inform me about the Hour." He (the Messenger of who acts upon it has eeman and if don’t, doesn’t
Allah) said, "About that, the one questioned knows no more
than the questioner." So he said, "Well, inform me about the
have eeman.
signs thereof." He said, "They are that the slave-girl will give >> when the minority is asked to explains about
birth to her mistress, that you will see the barefooted, naked, people being righteous or not, they are basing on
destitute, the herdsmen of the sheep (competing with each taqwa increases and decreases.
other) in raising lofty buildings." Thereupon the man went of.
the minority says that eeman is tashih;
Yusuf - 12:11, ‫َق اُلوۡا َٰٓيَأَباَنا َم ا َلَك اَل َتْأَم َّنا َع ٰىَل ُيوُس َف َو ِإَّنا‬
I waited a while, and then he (the Messenger of Allah) said,
"O Umar, do you know who that questioner was?" I replied,
"Allah and His Messenger know better." He said, "That was ‫َلُه‌و َلَٰن ِص ُحوَن‬, They said, "O our father, why do you
Jibril (the Angel Gabriel). He came to teach you your not entrust us with Joseph while indeed, we are to
religion." [Muslim]
him sincere counselors?
 J A N N A H
5th Dec 2022 @ 8pm GMT

steps to led by Sheikh dr. sajid umar

HADITH #2 - ISLAM, FAITH, AND EXCELLENCE
JIBREEL'S AFFIRMATION EEMAN & ISLAM

From previous lesson, it has been brief the >>To conclude, they agree that something goes
relationship between Eeman and Islam. Referring up and down, and what differs are the linguistic
to the hadiths where Rasulullah explained to Abu terms.
Qays on how eeman is manifested in actions from
the pillar of Islam, eeman and Islam are >>Looking at the evidence, practically, we see
connected. conformance to what the majority says that
actions are from eeman and eeman increase
Does eeman consists of actions (predominantly and decrease
‘from the realm of Islam’? Does eeman increase
and decrease? Does Islam increase and decrease? >> Eeman entails Islam and Islam entails eeman.
saying eeman increase and decrease has higher
impact than saying islam increase and
>> in seeking knowledge, if you know the answer, it decrease.
is permissible to ask and affirm the answer with
the intention of other people benefiting from the >> Ibn Tamiyyah explained Islam increases and
answer , on condition : decreases refers to an angle of people’s
that you are doing so not to test the teachers, outright righteousness and piety and people
which that is bad manners sometimes are more righteous in their worship, in
you are not doing so to create fitnah, which is their outward actions and sometimes they are
sinful. less.
The minority connects the righteousness to
taqwa.

Rasulullah SAW highlighted the five pillars of Islam and six pillars of eeman to define eeman and islam. Why
do we call these ‘pillars’ when it wasn’t being specified as pillars? Why are there different pillars of Islam and
eeman based on the answers given by Rasulullah SAW to Jibreel’s questions between eeman and Islam?
The topic of pillars is derived by the ijtihad of islamic scholars;
Being a student of knowledge, precision is important; in jurisprudence methodology, we judge ideas by
evidences, not judge evidence based on ideas.
To understand the pillars of eeman and pillars of Islam which has been attached to the tenet eeman and
tenet Islam, we have to understand the impact of the terms based on evidence.
From evidence, we see people believe that they have to fast but don’t fast; people has to pay zakah,
they don’t pay zakah, they are still Muslim. But when they don’t make solah, scholars agree that they are
disbelievers because hadith the difference between Muslim and kafr is solah.
Pillars is erected and falling based on evidences ⇒ precisions.
People being misconceived by the name of Islam practice terrorism. Vigilante justice vigilant to
oppression but Islam don’t say that’s the reality.
Based on Rasulullah SAW answer, we see that each tenet of eeman there’s two level: compulsory that
has to be met which is the level that makes Islam standing or not; and an additional level that makes a
person a believer nased on additional knowledge one learn after they turn into Islam.
Corrective portion of eeman in the pillars of Islam without it, it can’t be the correct way because in the
pillars of Islam, we believe in Rasulullah SAW which is in the pillars of Eeman.