Two Nation Theory Pakstudy

Introduction
The Two Nation theory in its simplest way means the cultural, political, religious,
economic and social dissimilarities between the two major communities, Hindus and
Muslim of the Sub Continent. These differences of out look, in fact, were greatly
instrumental in giving rise to two distinct political ideologies which were responsible for
the partition of India into two independent states.
The Basis of the Creation of Pakistan

The Two Nation Theory was the basis of the struggle for creation of Pakistan which held
that Hindus and Muslims are two separate nations. They in spite of living together for
centuries could not forget their individual culture and civilization.
There are a few factors which split the inhabitants of the Sub Continent into two
nations. Let us examine each of them separately.
Religious Differences
Islam preaches Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) and believes in equality of man before law.
Muslims are the believers of God, the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H), the Holy book Quran and
hold a cohesive approach towards life.
Hinduism, on the other hand is based on the concept of multiple Gods. Their society
follows a caste system and is divided into four classes and has a very narrow approach
towards life.
Hindu Nationalism
The Hindu nationalist leaders totally ignored the great contribution made by the
Muslims in the Indian society by way of promoting education and other social activities.
Their writings and ideas flared up the communal discord between Hindus and Muslims
to further pollute the political condition.
Cultural Differences
Muslim followed the Islamic culture, while Hindus inherited a self build culture. The
Hindus burnt their dead bodies while Muslim burred them. Hindus considered the
‘Mother Cow’ as a sacred animal and worshiped it while Muslims slaughtered it. They
performed ‘Sati’ while Muslims abhorred this tradition.
Social Differences
The two communities of the Sub-Continent differ in their social life as well as the clothes
the foods, the household utensils, the layout of homes, the words of salutation, the
gestures and every thing about them was different and immediately pointed to the
distinctive origin.
Economic Differences
After 1857, the Muslim economic was crushed. The Muslims were thrown out of
Government services and their estates and properties were confiscated, while the
Hindus were provided with ample opportunities to progress economically.
Educational Differences
The Hindus had advanced in the educational field because they quickly and readily took
to the English education. While Muslims did not receive modern education which
heavily affected their economic conditions.
Political Differences
the political differences between the Hindus and Muslims have played an important role
in the development and evolution of the Two Nation Theory.
Hindi Urdu Controversy

In 1867, the Hindus demanded that Urdu should be written in Hindi Script instead of
Persian script. This created another gap between Hindus and Muslims.
Congress Attitude
The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885. It claimed to represent all
communities of India but oppressed all Muslim ideas and supported the Hindus.
Partition of Bengal
In 1905, the partition of Bengal ensured a number of political benefits for the Muslims
but the Hindus launched an agitation against the partition and partition was annulled in
1911.
Language
The Muslim and Hindus wrote and spoke two different languages. The Muslim spoke
Urdu and it was written in Arabic Script. On the other hand, the Hindi language was
spoken by Hindus and it was written in Sanskrit.
Sir Syed Ahmed – The Pioneer of Two

Nation Theory
The entire freedom movement revolved around the two nation theory which was
introduced by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. He considered all those lived in India as one
nation and was a great advocate of Hindu-Muslim unity. Speaking at the meeting of
Indian Association he said:
“I look to both Hindus and Muslims with the same eyes and consider them as my own
eyes. By the word ‘Nation’ I mean only Hindus and Muslims and nothing else. We
Hindus and Muslims live together on the same soil under the same government. Our
interests and problems are common, and therefore, I consider the two factions as one
nation.”
Two Nation Theory in the View of Allama

Iqbal
Allama Iqbal was the first important figure who propounded the idea of separate
homeland on the basis of two nation theory. In the annual session of Muslim League at
Allahabad in 1930, he said:
“India is a continent of human beings belonging to different languages and professing

different religions … I, therefore, demand the formation of consolidated Muslim state in
the best interests of the Muslims of India and Islam.”
Quaid-e-Azam’s Statement on Two Nation

Theory
He expounded the two nation’s theory in such detail that most Muslims and even some
Hindus came to believe in its truth. He declared:
“Muslims are not a minority; they are one nation by every definition of the word nation.
By all canons of international law we are a nation.”
Quaid-e-Azam reiterated that Hindus and Muslims could ever evolve a common
nationality was an idle dream.
In 1973, he said:
“Hindustan is neither one country, nor its inhabitant’s one nation. This is sub continent
which consists of many nations of which the Hindus and Muslims are two major
nation.”
Conclusion
Two nation theory is the basis of the creation of Pakistan because without it Pakistan
would not come into being on 14th August, 1947.

Two Nation Theory Pakstudy

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Two Nation Theory Pakstudy

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Two Nation Theory Pakstudy

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Introduction

The Basis of the Creation of Pakistan

Hindi Urdu Controversy

Sir Syed Ahmed – The Pioneer of Two

Two Nation Theory in the View of Allama

“India is a continent of human beings belonging to different languages and professing

Quaid-e-Azam’s Statement on Two Nation

You might also like