COM3005 Introducing Research Skills

Portfolio of Tasks

Final portfolio tasks

Portfolio Task 2 - Formulate a research question............................................................................4

Portfolio Task 3...............................................................................................................................4

Portfolio Task 4 - Reference............................................................................................................5

Portfolio Task 5...............................................................................................................................6

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Portfolio Task 1
Prosocial refers to an action or characteristic of people which makes them concerned about
helping others, which is alternatively known as a volunteering action. The study by Vieweg
(2018, P.12) proved that prosocial behaviours are intended as voluntary actions for the creation
of collaboration and inspirational environments. This article has demonstrated an altruistic
approach of leaders for exploring prosocial behaviours and how this is different from Egoism. In
addition to this, Mantovani et al. (2017, p.157) have exhibited how companies are increasingly
adopting prosocial activities through modification of their CSR approaches. This study further
proves the impact of brands' attitudes towards social work and perceived performance can
develop prosocial behaviour among consumers. Responsible CSR practices can engage their
consumers to be positively concerned about different social causes, thus they are also able to
engage in prosocial behaviours and brands are able to develop salient opportunistic behaviour.
Consumer's pro-social responses might result in a self-beneficial approach based on the
promotion of public servings. Based on aiming the effects of the company's pro-social behaviour
among consumers, two experiments are also done, one is based on basic prediction and another
establishes three goals regarding the development of those traits.
Not only the CSR or leadership approaches, but pro-social behaviour also affects the daily life of
humans based on helping others. Further, it has been identified that the impact of prosocial
behaviour on reducing stress in different individuals by increasing emotional responses across
different people. Their biological responding pattern is divided into two categories, which are
known as affiliative and prosocial which depend on the body’s stress response rate. The authors
Raposa et al. (2016, p.692) have opined that the promotion of prosocial behaviours helps to
reduce the challenges and fears of fear and distress due to psychological issues, which reduces
the chances to convert emotional reactions to stress. The prosocial traits among people have been
seen to act as caring behaviour towards others as well as increase the tendency to engage. This
helps to develop the approaches of emotional support on morality, which chronically hypotheses
the energy among people by generalising their typical behaviours. In the end, Varma et al.
(2022) critically analysed the general prosocial behaviours among humans in terms of time,
money, skill, blood, and organ factors. It has been proven by human nature that, in the US,
people donated a total of $427.71 billion to U.S. charities in 2018 for providing a better life for
needy people. This proves humans have a prosocial tendency from childhood, which considers a

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catastrophe of compassion on them based on generosity. A clear picture of prosocial behaviours
among people has been observed during the time of Covid-19, where a majority of the people
have donated money, blood, and personal protection equipment to help others.
Portfolio Task 2 - Formulate a research question
This chapter helps to account for a set of questions by aiming for the potential research outcome.
In this research, the outcome is based on aiming the role of prosocial behaviours among humans
and their current existence in their social operations. Further, the final research question on this
project is,
What is the impact of prosocial behaviours among humans and their life-leading ways across
both professional and personal perspectives?
The above equation further elucidates a critical representation of the approaches of prosocial
behaviours in terms of social activeness with collaboration with their job role. Even the personal
side of human prosocial approaches, which actively helps others during the time of the Covid-19
pandemic for the betterment of their living techniques.
The project aims to demonstrate the approaches of prosocial behaviour among humans in their
personal and professional life in association with a greater knowledge of biological condition
change due to these traits.
Researching this side of human traits would make understanding the role of increasing intentions
towards the wellness of social values and its perception for developing positive moods among
individuals. Also, prosocial behaviours have a positive relationship with the elimination of stress
and depression among humans as well as help to influence fairness-related decision-making by
eliminating biases. Hence, this study in the future might modulate an understanding of the effects
related to neurological actions for formulating social support efforts among humans to develop a
fair society.
Portfolio Task 3
This research would impart knowledge regarding the social acts of humans and the neurotic
effects of doing it by aiming to develop the values of the regions. As the study is not limited to
discussing the aspects of social behaviours across leadership approaches, employees and
organisations. Although, it will discuss a border view regarding the effects of prosocial
behaviours among humans and their nature for the betterment of society. Thus, this research

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might be selected for the grant in association with external motivations, this research would
create ideas of self-centred motives concerning other issues.
The research will make the collection of information regarding the prosocial behaviours of
humans by following the primary data collection method. Ajayi (2017, p.5) has exhibited that
primary data is considered to be more valid in nature as this will be collected directly from the
professionals or targeted populations of the research. In addition, primary data would provide the
freedom to design questions of research by own interest and area of concern, which in the case of
secondary data, requires a huge number of sources to figure out the answer.
The study will focus on designing a qualitative research approach which further makes the data
collection operations more systematic based on interviewing and forming focus groups in
research. Aspers and Corte (2019, p.142) have exhibited that further stressing the qualitative
dimensions can provide clear knowledge of the concerned area by collecting the data from
societal aspects. This would impart the best knowledge regarding the information on
neurological changes among humans and their behaviour towards the development of society.
The data collection will be done by interviewing 15 professionals across different companies
who are associated with prosocial activities.
There are some practical problems that might be faced while conducting data collection
methodologies in real life. Those are concerned with the areas including,
● There might be a communication gap between professionals and researchers.
● The researcher might face a challenge while they are communicating with professionals.
● Sensitive information about professionals might be leaked while interviewing.
● Several sensitive pieces of information regarding companies might get leaked.
Portfolio Task 4 - Reference
Ajayi, V.O., (2017). Primary sources of data and secondary sources of data. Benue State
University, 1(1), pp.1-6.
Aspers, P. and Corte, U., (2019). What is qualitative in qualitative research. Qualitative
sociology, 42(2), pp.139-160.
Mantovani, D., de Andrade, L.M. and Negrão, A., (2017). How motivations for CSR and
consumer-brand social distance influence consumers to adopt pro-social behavior. Journal of
Retailing and Consumer Services, 36, pp.156-163.

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Raposa, E.B., Laws, H.B. and Ansell, E.B., (2016). Prosocial behavior mitigates the negative
effects of stress in everyday life. Clinical Psychological Science, 4(4), pp.691-698.
Varma, M.M., Chen, D., Lin, X., Aknin, L.B. and Hu, X., (2022). Prosocial behavior promotes
positive emotion during the COVID-19 pandemic. Emotion.
Vieweg, J.C., (2018). Prosocial behaviors: Their motivations and impacts on organizational
culture. The Journal of Values-Based Leadership, 11(2), p.12.
Portfolio Task 5
I am concerned about the referencing pattern which was previously not done by me as per the
Arden pattern. As well the research questions I developed in the formative assessment, might not
make good sense or do not aim to research a particular area. Whereas, while developing the
proposal, I have been concerned about those aspects to make it partially focus on the aimed
issue. I have made the research method broader, which will further guide to achieving the
information which is necessary for understanding the prosocial behaviours of humans.