Unit 1

READING pages 6–7

Exercise 2
c
Exercise 3
Suggested answers
The study revealed that cultures which particularly valued their specialist musical heritage were able
to describe sounds better, even when non-musicians were tested.
Exercise 4
1C 2A 3D 4B 5B 6A
VOCABULARY page 8
Exercise 1
1b 2d 3a 4e 5c 6f
Exercise 2
1 furious
2 overwhelmed
3 ecstatic
4 emotional
5 eager
6 tense
7 jealous
8 reluctant
Exercise 3
1 sensitive
2 moody
3 chatty
4 outgoing
5 optimistic
6 pessimistic
7 self-confident
8 unconventional
Exercise 4
Tanya: chatty
Igor: pessimistic
Dmitri: outgoing
Viktor: unconventional
Nadia: self-confident
GRAMMAR page 9
Exercise 1
a PS b PC c PC d PS e PS f PC g PC h PS
Exercise 2
1 always take
2 sleep
3 ‘s always borrowing
4 works
5 ‘s visiting
6 ‘s studying
7 departs
8 are you playing
Exercise 3
1e 2f 3b 4d 5a 6c
Exercise 4
1 read
2 been working
3 been trying
4 had
5 played
6 been
LISTENING page 10
Exercise 1
1c 2d 3f 4b 5a 6e
Exercise 2
1 b (The sentence starts with however, which introduces an opposing point of view.)
2 a (The speaker had hoped to see lots of people, but didn’t.)
3 b (The sentence begins with at first, which means the speaker now has a different point of view
than before.)
4 b (No longer means the person doesn’t feel the same way as they did before.)
Exercise 4
1
Exercise 5
1F 2H 3B 4C 5D 6H 7E 8B 9D 10A
SPEAKING page 11
Exercise 3
1, 4, 5, 6, 8
GRAMMAR page 12
Exercise 1
present simple, present perfect
Exercise 2
1 she moves / she’s moved to Budapest
2 he’s come home
3 he sees you
4 she’s switched off her computer

2
Exercise 3
a present simple and past simple
b present continuous
c present perfect
d past simple
Exercise 4
1 lately
2 ago
3 usually
4 always
5 already
6 hardly ever
Exercise 5
1 still haven’t replied
2 made
3 ‘re currently studying
4 has
5 Have you read
6 did you give
Exercise 6
1 for
2 just
3 last night
4 as soon as
5 always
6 already
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 13
Exercise 1
1 taste
2 tasteless
3 tasty
4 care
5 caring
6 careful
7 careless
8 satisfy
9 satisfied
10 dissatisfied
11 relax
12 relaxing
13 doubt
14 doubtful

3
Exercise 2
1 on
2 about
3 to
4 with
5 about
6 for
7 about
8 about
Exercise 3
1 dissatisfied
2 responsible
3 doubtful
4 careless
5 dependent
6 sensitive
Exercise 4
1f 2c 3a 4e 5b 6d
Exercise 5
1D 2A 3C 4A 5D 6B 7C 8A
WRITING pages 14–15
Exercise 1
1 great to get
2 to hear that you’d been / you were ill
3 Hope to hear
4 Let me know
5 were all over the moon
Exercise 2
1 congratulations on the new job 2 music and sport
Exercise 4
1 As you know
2 you’d get a lot out of
3 pop in
4 more your kind of thing
5 you could look into
6 You’re bound to
LIVE WELL, STUDY WELL page 16
Exercise 1
Suggested answers
making decisions about the future, having disagreements with friends or family, exams, when they
aren’t in control of a situation, a lot of homework

4
REVIEW page 149
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 outgoing, eager
2 sensitive, reluctant
3 self-confident, jealous
4 ecstatic, unconventional
5 moody, furious
Exercise 2
1d 2a 3b 4e 5c
Exercise 3
1 doubtful
2 caring
3 taste
4 relaxation
5 sensible
6 satisfaction
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 he‘s always copying
2 departs
3 sleep
4 They‘re playing
5 walks
6 I‘m studying
Exercise 5
1 ‘s never left
2 ‘s been building
3 ‘ve been listening
4 ‘s moved
5 ‘ve just got
6 ‘ve been trying
Exercise 6
1 I’m sorry, but I haven’t finished my homework yet.
2 I’ll call you back after I’ve had lunch.
3 She spoke to him last Saturday.
4 As soon as they see/’ve seen him, they’ll guess what he’s done.
5 Right now, I‘m making a cake for my niece.

5
Unit 2
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
READING pages 18–19
Exercise 1
Suggested answers
2 A good memory, analytical skills, research skills, problem-solving skills, a knowledge and
understanding of people and culture, communication and writing skills.
Exercise 3
B – because ‘every other field’ and ‘many other important subjects’ have a similar meaning.
Exercise 4
2, 5
Exercise 5
1B 2A 3C 4B 5A 6D 7C 8D 9B 10C
Exercise 6
1 inescapable
2 vanished
3 worthless
4 complex
5 entire
6 foolish
7 misguided
VOCABULARY page 20
Exercise 1
1 Bronze Age
2 medieval times
3 shield
4 warrior
5 archaeologists
6 empire
7 battlefields
8 armour
9 sword
10 aristocrat
Exercise 2
1 campaign
2 election – firearm and bow are both weapons
3 monument – demonstration and rebellion are both actions taken by a group of people in order to
make change
4 exhibit – prehistoric and contemporary are both adjectives relating to a time
5 imperial – kingdom and monarchy are both nouns relating to countries ruled by a king or queen

6
Exercise 3
1 exhibits
2 prehistoric
3 election
4 revolution
5 monuments
6 imperial
Exercise 4
1 ancestors
2 archives
3 descendant
4 aristocracy
5 ruling class
6 labourer
7 connection
8 related
GRAMMAR page 21
Exercise 1
a past simple
b present perfect simple
c present perfect simple
d present perfect simple, past simple
Exercise 2
1 lived
2 became
3 died
4 have found
5 made
6 have created
Exercise 3
1 a; 2 b
1 past simple
2 past perfect simple
3 past perfect simple
Exercise 4
a 1, 2
b 2, 1
c 1, 2
d 1, 2
e 2, 1
f 1, 2

7
Exercise 5
1 travelled
2 built
3 started
4 arrived
5 had become
6 had developed
7 didn’t survive
8 have come
LISTENING page 22
Exercise 2
1 a date / year
2 a noun (e.g. a reason / event)
3 a noun (e.g. law / decision)
4 a verb
Exercise 3
1 1990
2 mistake
3 travel law
4 cross
Exercise 5
1 video
2 an island
3 save peace
4 economic
5 trusted
6 tunnel
7 the outskirts
8 emotional
SPEAKING page 23
Exercise 3
I hadn’t thought of that.
When you say … do you mean
That’s a really interesting idea.
Sorry to interrupt, but
That’s a good point.
GRAMMAR page 24
Exercise 1
1 PPC 2 PC, PC 3 PC 4 PPC 5 PC, PC
Exercise 2
1e 2c 3b 4d 5a

8
Exercise 3
1 had been studying
2 were climbing, were celebrating
3 were watching
4 had been demonstrating
5 was giving, were taking
6 had been waiting
7 was howling, were crashing
8 had been building
Exercise 4
a past habits
b past states
c past habits
Exercise 5
1 used to live
2 would often take
3 was trying
4 had been lying
5 was moving
6 had been keeping
7 were looking
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 25
Exercise 1
1 behind the times
2 high time
3 for the time being
4 At times
5 take your time
6 It’s only a matter of time
Exercise 2
advice, adviser
construction, constructor
descent, descendant
discovery, discoverer
exhibition, exhibitor
investigation, investigator
research, researcher
Exercise 3
1 adviser
2 researcher
3 investigator
Exercise 4
b

9
Exercise 5
1 massive
2 misunderstanding
3 majority
4 visible
5 facing
6 Researchers
7 widely
8 exhibition
WRITING pages 26–27
Exercise 1
Suggested answers
1 While museums can teach us a lot about history, many young people aren’t interested in visiting them.
2 The quality of the food at the college canteen is not very good. Nevertheless, there are always huge
queues.
3 On the one hand, a large amount of money has been spent on updating college facilities. On the other
hand, students complain about the lack of face-to-face tuition.
4 The history department organises popular study trips every summer. Conversely, the
geography department has cancelled its last three excursions.
5 There is very little funding for the arts, whereas a lot of money is invested in sport
Exercise 2
1T
2 F (two points)
3T
4 F (you may use the ideas but should use your own words)
Exercise 4
1 vital
2 updating
3 funding
4 sufficient
5 primarily
6 alternative
7 accurate
8 enable
VIDEO page 28
Exercise 1
1 Ancient Babylon was around 60 miles south of what is now Baghdad, in Iraq.
2 Possible answers include: cities, government to organise society, writing, art and music, social
structure, religion
Exercise 2
1 12,000
2 a good climate
3 60
4 astronomy
5 constellations of stars
6 writing
7 valuable goods
8 use ideas developed by the Mesopotamians
Exercise 3
10
1 fertile
2 soil
3 thrive
4 settlements
5 palaces
6 innovation
7 languages
8 astronomy
REVIEW page 150
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 ancestor
2 archaeologist
3 descendant
4 aristocrat
5 warrior
6 labourer
Exercise 2
1 exhibition
2 discoveries
3 Bronze
4 sword
5 shield
6 prehistoric
7 connection
Exercise 3
1 matter
2 being
3 take
4 behind
5 high
6 At
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 ‘ve seen
2 studied
3 has just told
4 hasn’t found
5 ‘ve already visited, came
Exercise 5
1 saw, we had taken
2 went, had spoken
3 watched, had read
4 had completed, they gave

11
Exercise 6
1 had been teaching, decided
2 were singing
3 was watching, was preparing
4 had been talking, realised
5 used to live

12
Unit 3

READING pages 30–31

Exercise 3
1C 2G 3D 4B 5A 6F 7E
Exercise 4
a 3D printer – paragraph A
Exercise 5
1D 2F 3A 4E 5B 6G
VOCABULARY page 32
Exercise 1
1T
2 F (shared courtyard)
3T
4 F (spacious)
5T
6 F (in need of renovation)
7 F (vacant)
8T
9T
10 T
Exercise 2
1 homeowner
2 deposit
3 mortgage
4 repayments
5 let
6 tenant
Exercise 3
1 foundations
2 floor plan, layout
3 conservation, décor
4 crane
Exercise 4
1 exterior
2 interior
3 spacious
4 décor
5 layout
6 overlook
7 courtyard
8 homeowners

13
GRAMMAR page 33
Exercise 1
1 the future simple (will)
2 be going to
3 the present simple
4 the present continuous
1e 2a 3g 4d 5c 6b 7f
Exercise 2
1 You’re going to fall – a prediction based on evidence
2 are starting – a definite future arrangement
3 opens – a future timetabled event
4 will – a fact about the future
5 I’m going to take – a plan for the future
6 I’ll visit – a promise
7 will be – a prediction about the future
Exercise 4
1 we‘ll be starting
2 we‘ll have packed
3 we‘ll have been driving
Exercise 5
1 c – future perfect continuous
2 a – future continuous
3 b – future perfect
Exercise 6
1 ‘ll be working
2 Will you have finished
3 won’t have completed
4 will you have been studying
LISTENING page 34
Exercise 1
1c 2a 3e 4d 5b
Exercise 2
1 F (he loves reading about it) 2 T 3 T
Exercise 3
Suggested answers
1 positive aspect of the work
A doing renovations professionally
B saving, money
C personal achievement
2 think, doing the renovations
A prefers, current job
B doesn’t, desire, himself
C doesn’t, would like, by himself
Exercise 4
1C 2B 3A 4B 5A 6C

14
SPEAKING page 35
Exercise 2
1 access, find work, public transport
2 police, lighting, poverty
3 pollution, rules, restoring
Exercise 3
That’s an interesting question; Let me think about that;
So, are you trying to say that …
Both students give quite well-developed answers despite initial difficulties.
Exercise 5
1 renting, owning
2 live on your own, share a house
3 know someone well
4 safe, clean housing
GRAMMAR page 36
Exercise 1
a be on the point of / be on the verge of
b be to
c be due to
d be bound to
Exercise 2
1c 2a 3e 4b 5d
Exercise 3
1 about
2 due
3 on the point
4 on the verge of
Exercise 4
1 ‘s bound to be really angry
2 on the verge of going out
3 is to make a decision
4 is due to call me tomorrow at midday
5 ‘re to go ahead once these floor plans are approved.
6 was on the point of buying some new curtains when I found this material.
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 37
Exercise 1
1 on the house
2 make yourself at home
3 get on like a house on fire
4 close to home
5 home from home

15
Exercise 2
1 in
2 on
3 aside
4 up
5 down
6 off
7 to
8 up
Exercise 3
1 be
2 up
3 times
4 on
5 be
6 if
7 themselves
8 add / give
WRITING pages 38–39
Exercise 1
Introduction: The main purpose ...
My stay: I stayed at the …
Description of facilities: The youth hostel has got …
Evaluation of facilities: Our dormitory was spacious …
Recommendations: In my opinion, the hostel …
Exercise 2
1 a charity
2 describe your work and accommodation, explain any problems, suggest improvements
3 suggest any future improvements
Exercise 3
1 Introduction
2 The building project
3 The accommodation
4 Problems
5 Recommendations
Exercise 4
describe accommodation, explain problems, suggest improvements

16
REVIEW page 151
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1d 2e 3f 4c 5g 6a 7b
Exercise 2
1 overlooks
2 renovated
3 furnished
4 spacious
5 ensuite
6 vacant
Exercise 3
1c 2a 3f 4b 5e 6d
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 are you doing
2 I’ll stay
3 it’s going to be
4 I‘m going to organise
5 is
6 I‘ll help
7 you‘ll be
Exercise 5
1 will be packing
2 will have finished packing
3 will be watching
4 will have left, will be driving
5 will have been unpacking
Exercise 6
1 point
2 about
3 due
4 to
5 bound

17
Unit 4

READING pages 42–43

Exercise 1
1 Frida Kahlo, Mexico
Exercise 3
1a 2b 3b 4a
Exercise 6
1C 2B 3C 4A
VOCABULARY page 44
Exercise 1
1 collar
2 zip
3 hood
4 cuff
5 lining
6 ribbon
7 buckle
Exercise 2
1 catwalk – d
2 vest – b
3 waterproof – a
4 ragged – c
Exercise 3
1 exchange
2 price tag
3 purchase
4 refund
5 loyalty card
6 checkout
7 bids
8 browsing
Exercise 5
1 zip
2 lining
3 plain
4 refund
5 loyalty card
6 discount

18
GRAMMAR page 45
Exercise 1
1b 2a 3d 4c
Exercise 2
a formal
b infinitive
c to + the infinitive
d -ing
e to + infinitive
Exercise 3
1 will be sent to you tomorrow
2 is being mended at the moment
3 being taught how to knit by his grandmother
4 to be promoted soon
5 might have been designed by her uncle
6 were being sold at the market yesterday
7 must be sold off
8 being forced to wear smart clothes at work
Exercise 4
1 are being produced
2 will be sold
3 to be offered
4 have been made / are made
5 may not be valued
6 could be thrown away
7 being worn / having been worn
8 are mended
9 is wasted
10 can be recycled
LISTENING page 46
Exercise 1
Sustainable fashion refers to clothing that has been designed, made and distributed in ways which
are environmentally-friendly.
Exercise 3
1a 2b 3a
Exercise 5
1C 2A 3D 4A 5B 6C
SPEAKING page 47
Exercise 2
1 it looks as if
2 While
3 may, I should think, must
4 I would guess
5 probably

19
Exercise 3
Yes, the student compares the two photos, talks about the similarities and differences, and
speculates about what might be happening, using clear language for speculating.
GRAMMAR page 48
Exercise 1
a past
b verb be
c the same as
Exercise 2
1 is thought that Christian Dior was one of the greatest designers
2 was claimed that the clothes were
3 is expected that the store will be
4 is said that he has bought more than a hundred pairs of trainers
5 was believed that sustainable fashion would become
Exercise 3
1 to + infinitive 2 do not use
Exercise 4
1 are known to be very expensive
2 is thought to start tomorrow
3 was assumed to be a failure
4 were understood to be closed on Sunday.
Exercise 5
1a 2c 3a 4b
Exercise 6
1 get the zip on her jeans mended
2 has had a woman mend his clothes
3 get her sister to lend her her red skirt
4 had a waistcoat made
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 49
Exercise 1
1 hat
2 socks
3 pocket
4 belt
5 glove
6 sleeves
7 boots
8 shirt
Exercise 2
1f 2d 3a 4h 5g 6b 7e 8c
Exercise 3
1 out
2 on
3 of
4 for
5 in
6 to
20
Exercise 4
1 pull your socks up
2 is believed to be
3 being taken around the exhibition
4 will be assumed that
5 the suit turned out to be
6 the drop of a hat
WRITING pages 50–51
Exercise 1
1b 2c 3a 4d
Exercise 2
1b
2 No, but they should use at least one.
Exercise 3
b
Exercise 4
1 value
2 affordable
3 experiment
4 excluded
5 appalling
6 occasional
VIDEO page 52
Exercise 2
1F 2T 3F 4F 5F 6T
Exercise 3
1 argue
2 garbage
3 wind
4 snow
5 cost
6 utility
7 weather
8 evolution
REVIEW page 152
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 lining
2 hood
3 collar
4 bows
5 heels
6 shoelaces

21
Exercise 2
1 to
2 on
3 of
4 on
5 out
Exercise 3
1c 2f 3a 4h 5e 6d 7g 8b
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 can be worn
2 expected to bring out
3 being complimented
4 being folded
5 is believed to be working
Exercise 5
1 It is believed that
2 It was claimed that
3 The costs are understood to be
4 It is assumed that
5 These jeans are said to be
Exercise 6
1 repaired
2 fix
3 cut
4 to mend

22
Unit 5

READING pages 54–55

Exercise 2
b
Exercise 3
1 paragraph 1
2 paragraph 2
3 paragraph 3
4 paragraph 4
5 paragraph 5
6 paragraph 6
Exercise 4
1B 2C 3B 4A 5D 6A
VOCABULARY page 56
Exercise 1
1 interest
2 conference
3 news
4 affairs
5 analysis
6 source
7 review
8 release
Exercise 2
1 current affairs
2 in-depth review
3 human interest
4 breaking news
5 press release
6 political analysis
7 news conference
8 anonymous source
Exercise 3
1 broadcast
2 panel
3 journalism
4 subscribers
5 trustworthy
6 circulation
7 contribute
8 Call in

23
Exercise 4
1 activist, politics
2 manifestos, electorate
3 diplomat, councillor
4 opposition, policy
5 dictator, propaganda
6 referendum, constitution
Exercise 6
1 anonymous
2 opposition
3 policy
4 electorate
5 manifesto
6 activists
7 referendum
GRAMMAR page 57
Exercise 1
1 saw
2 is helping
3 shares
4 be
Exercise 2
1 goes back one tense 2 past perfect
Exercise 3
1 had released a statement about their actions
2 had been marching towards the government buildings
3 they might be there until the following day
4 the news conference would begin that afternoon
Exercise 4
1b 2d 3c 4a
Exercise 5
1 asked me why I had been talking to that reporter
2 told me not to vote for that party
3 asked (me) if I had checked my sources
4 asked me to rewrite that article
5 asked me if I would be at the press conference the next day

24
LISTENING page 58
Exercise 2
Suggested answers
1 the fans of a person, considered as a group
2 to make videos, blogs, etc. to share online
3 to get people interested in your content
4 a short message written on Twitter
5 someone who follows your social media channels
Exercise 3
1 straightforward (distractor: challenging)
2 researched (distractor: written)
3 town hall (distractor: hospital)
4 fun (distractor: boring)
5 recipes (distractor: food photographs)
Exercise 5
1 photographer
2 interview
3 telling a story
4 videos
5 backgrounds
6 updates
7 bullying
8 kindness
GRAMMAR page 60
Exercise 1
a to + infinitive
b -ing form
c preposition
d object
e object
f that
g if
Exercise 2
1 on checking
2 to write
3 that
4 of spreading
5 to hold
6 subscribing
7 if
Exercise 3
1 encouraged
2 denied
3 asked
4 promised
5 apologised
6 accused
7 decided

25
Exercise 4
1 if / whether we had listened to the news that morning
2 me / us not to stay out too late
3 to make sure the story went viral
4 the man of being responsible for the car crash
5 he had cheated in the test
6 reading human interest stories
7 lying to me / us
Exercise 5
1 asked Billy where he had been
2 claimed he had been
3 accused him of eating
4 denied eating
5 warned him not to lie
6 admitted lying
7 insisted that he hadn’t
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 61
Exercise 1
1 old news
2 welcome news
3 break the bad news
4 Breaking news
5 that’s news to me
6 spread the news
Exercise 2
1d 2f 3a 4e 5b 6c
Exercise 3
1 have a word with
2 make sense
3 clear up
4 call for
5 come up with
6 get across
Exercise 4
1 eventually
2 At last
3 lastly
4 in the end
Exercise 5
1B 2A 3D 4A 5D 6C 7B 8A

26
WRITING pages 62–63
Exercise 2
Suggested answers
See audioscript
Exercise 3
1c 2a 3d 4b
Exercise 4
1a 2a 3b 4a 5b 6b
LIVE WELL, STUDY WELL page 64
Exercise 2
1b 2c 3d 4a
REVIEW page 153
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 conference
2 policy
3 review
4 manifesto
5 electorate
6 opposition
7 activists
Exercise 2
1 subscriber
2 diplomat
3 anonymous source
4 councillor
5 dictator
Exercise 3
1 make
2 across
3 up
4 for
5 come
6 have
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 shouldn’t have written that article
2 had been giving a speech when the news broke
3 might be able to lift the ban the following month
4 hadn’t heard any more news about the plans
5 wouldn’t be attending the following day’s meeting

27
Exercise 5
1 to send
2 not to reveal
3 if they had heard
4 what
5 there were

Exercise 6
1 agreed
2 insisted
3 advised
4 confessed
5 accused
6 wondered

28
Unit 6

UNIT OPENER page 65

Exercise 2
P: caravan, chalet, motel, villa
H: foyer, lobby, suite, twin room
A: basic, overcrowded, smart, upmarket
READING pages 66–67
Exercise 1
Suggested answers
a, c, e, f
Exercise 2
Stay in local people’s houses
Learn to cook local cuisine
Go kayaking
Trek through the forest
Exercise 3
Local tourist guides, the benefits of hydroelectricity and the construction of an artificial lake are the
least likely to be covered, because the sentence before the gap talks about a forest, and the
sentence after the gap talks about a tourist development.
Exercise 4
A (It doesn’t link to the topic of the forest in the line before or ‘these developments’ in the sentence
after the gap. It refers to an elephant sanctuary rather than a place for people to stay.)
B (It doesn’t link to the sentences around the gap; the topic is cities and how tourists damaged the
environment.)
D (Chet is mentioned much later on in the text.)
E (The paragraph starts with ‘The lake’, which has not been mentioned in the text before the gap.)
F (The sentence refers to ‘the dam’, which has not been mentioned in the text before the gap.)
G (The paragraph says ‘after eating the delicious food’, and food is not mentioned in the text before
the gap.)
Exercise 5
1C 2E 3F 4A 5D 6G
VOCABULARY page 68
Exercise 1
1 outings
2 luxurious
3 bed and breakfast
4 touristy
5 villa
6 full-board
7 modest
8 self-catering

29
Exercise 2
1 luxurious
2 outing
3 modest
4 full-board
5 villa
6 touristy
7 bed and breakfast
8 self-catering
Exercise 3
1 honeymoon (it’s a type of holiday and not a place to stay)
2 sunburn (it’s something you get from too much sun – the other things protect you from the sun)
3 upgrade (it means to get something better, e.g. a better seat on a plane or a better room – the
other words mean prices)
4 itinerary (it’s a plan for a holiday – the other words
refer to having space for someone, e.g. at a hotel)
5 homestay (it’s a type of accommodation – the other words are nouns for people)
Exercise 5
1 weekend
2 vacancies
3 self-catering
4 rates, luxury
5 full board, birthday
6 upgrade

GRAMMAR page 69
Exercise 1
a consider
b before
c sorry for
d should
e would rather
f decide
g difficult
Exercise 2
1 checking
2 to stay
3 organising
4 come
5 spending
6 swimming
7 renting
8 to plan

30
Exercise 3
1 must confirm your booking by the end of today
2 waiting to hear whether her holiday has been cancelled
3 After boarding the plane,
4 talented at surfboarding
5 stupid to lose your passport on the first day of your holiday
6 instead of flying
Exercise 4
1 to find out
2 using
3 giving
4 to promote
5 to ensure
6 experience
7 to cook
8 prepare / to prepare
9 visiting
10 to hear
LISTENING page 70
Exercise 2
1 S: In both sentences, they thought about travelling by bus, but then travelled a different way.
2 D: Sentence a means that the points they made before contrast with the opinion that follows (i.e.
there were lots of positive things about the holiday, but they didn’t enjoy it). In sentence b, the
points they made before explain why they didn’t enjoy the holiday.
3 D: In sentence a, the speaker thinks the best thing to do is to book through the holiday company.
In sentence b, the person thinks it’s a bad idea to book through that company.
4 D: In sentence a, the speaker is expecting it to be cold. In sentence b, the person is not expecting it
to be cold.
5 S: In both sentences, the speaker didn’t expect the experience to be very good and it was better
than they thought it would be.

Exercise 3
a3 b4 c5 d2 e1
Exercise 5
1D 2E 3H 4A 5B 6E 7A 8B 9C 10F

SPEAKING page 71
Exercise 1
1 negative: b, c, e and h; positive: a, d, f and g
Exercise 4
1D 2A 3A 4D 5D 6A

31
GRAMMAR page 72
Exercise 1
a different b the same
Exercise 2
1 swimming
2 to swim
3 to tell
4 spending
5 looking
6 to find
7 cancelling
8 to cancel
Exercise 3
a -ing form
b infinitive
Exercise 4
a to + infinitive
b -ing form
Exercise 5
1 to book
2 spending
3 chatting
4 visiting
5 to check
6 to take
Exercise 6
1 to pack, to check
2 to join, calling
3 to book, enjoying
4 playing, (to) pack, packing, to finish
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 73
Exercise 1
1b2e3d4c5f6a
Exercise 2
1 settled in
2 fit in
3 call off
4 held up
5 line up
6 lead to
Exercise 3
1 off the beaten track (= far away from the places that people usually visit)
2 in the same boat (= in the same difficult or unpleasant situation)
3 smooth sailing (= easy, without any difficulty or problems)
4 drive me up the wall (= annoy, irritate)
5 have itchy feet (= want to travel to different places)
6 go the extra mile (= make a special effort, do more than just what is necessary)

32
Exercise 4
1 of
2 off
3 same
4 Between
5 one
6 might / may / could
7 so
8 the

WRITING pages 74–75

Exercise 1
Suggested answers
Sentence 1 should be cut: the first part is irrelevant to the task, the rest is too personal and the
information about the work experience doesn’t belong in the introduction.
The purpose of the report should be stated at the beginning.
The language could be more formal and to the point.
Exercise 3
Suggested answers
1 The Information Centre was frequently busy and it was therefore difficult to pay enough attention
to individual customers.
2 My colleagues at the centre were helpful and gave me useful training in customer relations.
3 Much of the information requested by customers could have been supplied in a free map.
4 I suggest that the centre occasionally opens to the public later and uses this time for training
purposes.
Exercise 4
three-week training programme, tour guide,
helping tourists with … problems, advising … places
to visit, write a report about your experience, evaluate
the programme, point out … problems, suggest changes
Exercise 5
1 the Athens Tourist Agency
2 gaining experience in dealing with tourists’ queries and giving information about places of interest
3 excellent training, extremely impressed with, wellorganised, friendly
4 They didn’t have time to do extra reading or research.
5 that the agency gives its trainees two hours per week of study time away from the front desk

VIDEO page 76
Exercise 1
1T2T3F4F5F
Exercise 2
1 1866
2 13
3 1887
4 four
5 1909
6 forty-five
7 1955

33
Exercise 3
1 explorer
2 Civil War
3 ship’s crew
4 store
5 navigator
6 Inuit
7 customs official
8 recognised

REVIEW page 154

Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 bed and breakfast
2 self-catering
3 luxurious
4 villas
5 modest
6 touristy
7 outings
Exercise 2
1 porter
2 inn
3 sunblock / suncream
4 tariff
5 vacancy
Exercise 3
1 in
2 up
3 to
4 off
5 up
6 in

Grammar
Exercise 4
1 to join
2 looking
3 get
4 thinking
5 to do
6 cancelling
Exercise 5
1D2S3S4D5D

34
Exercise 6
1 to stay
2 to pack
3 travelling
4 to make up
5 being asked
6 spending

35
Unit 7
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
READING pages 78–79
Exercise 1
1a 2b 3c
Exercise 2
1 1941 2 newspaper 3 poor 4 lonely 5 twenty-six
Exercise 3
1, 3, 4 similar
2 different
Exercise 4
Question: effectiveness, inexperienced
Review B: this cast is about as perfect as any seen in a film, and only a few of its members had
previously been on the screen
Exercise 5
1B 2A 3D 4B
VOCABULARY page 80
Exercise 1
1g 2f 3a 4e 5b 6c 7d
Exercise 2
1 soundtrack
2 blockbuster
3 playwright
4 award-winning
5 spotlight
6 screenplay
7 masterpiece
Exercise 3
1 adaptation, classic
2 dress rehearsal, opening night
3 road
4 cast
5 interval
Exercise 4
1 award-winning
2 adaptation
3 cast
4 playwright
5 opening night
6 masterpiece
7 released

36
Exercise 5
It isn’t ALL about ME: 4, 6
From the Mountains to the Sea: 1, 5
On call: 2, 3
autobiography: a book about the life of the author
novelist: a person who writes novels (long, fictional stories)
folk tales: stories that are traditional in a particular country
illustrations: drawings
moving: making you feel emotional or sad
hilarious: very funny
anecdotes: stories (usually spoken) about real things that happened

GRAMMAR page 81
Exercise 1
1 affirmative 2 spoken 3 stressed
Exercise 2
1 I do cycle to college, but not when it’s raining.
2 I don’t like the location, but I do think the seats are very comfortable.
3 I did tell you they would be expensive!
4 I did see it! I went to see it with Lucia.
5 No, but I did get a selfie with the leading actor.
Exercise 3
1a 2b 3a
Exercise 4
a beginning
b auxiliary, main
c second
d formal
Exercise 5
1 I had seen the film did I read the book
2 about halfway through the book did he realise that it was set in the future
3 could we listen to the soundtrack
4 have we been to a dress rehearsal
5 could anyone deny that the film is a classic
6 had the show started than he fell asleep
LISTENING page 82
Exercise 1
1D 2A 3D 4D 5A 6A
Exercise 2
1c 2a 3d 4b
Exercise 3
1 worked very hard
2 disagree
3 confused
4 believable
Exercise 4
Questions 1, 2 and 4

37
Exercise 5
1B 2A 3C 4B 5B 6C
SPEAKING page 83
Exercise 2
Suggested answers
Negative points
Ten pin bowling: centre is quite cold and not very clean
Funland Theme Park: no drinks or snacks included, theme park gets very busy at the weekends, cost
£18.00
Exercise 4
1TP 2TP 3B 4B 5TP 6TP
GRAMMAR page 84
Exercise 1
a at the end
b be
c in the middle
Exercise 2
1 What I didn’t expect was the death of the main character halfway through!
2 It was the soundtrack that was the best thing in the film.
3 What she loved were the descriptions of the countryside.
4 The thing that amazed us was the acting of the little girl.
5 It’s the ending that always makes me cry!
6 The thing that is the most important in a good film is the screenplay.
7 What I’d love to do is make a film adaptation of this book.
8 It was my friend’s phone that started ringing in the middle of the film. / It was in the middle of the
film that my friend’s phone started ringing.
Exercise 3
a2 b1
Exercise 4
a rising b falling
Exercise 7
1 won’t be very good, will it
2 have bought the tickets, haven’t you
3 should leave early tomorrow, shouldn’t we
4 did receive my message, didn’t he
5 isn’t sold out, is it

USE YOUR ENGLISH page 85

Exercise 1
1d 2g 3c 4a 5f 6h 7b 8e

38
Exercise 2
1 high expectations, rave reviews
2 common knowledge
3 harsh reality
4 captured the imaginations
5 leading role
6 feature film
7 convey, emotion
Exercise 3
1 animation
2 critic / criticism
3 drama
4 lead
5 sensation
6 support
7 tension
8 theatre
Exercise 4
1 tension
2 lead, supporting
3 animated
4 critics
5 sensational
6 drama
7 theatre
Exercise 5
1 reliable
2 lower
3 reality
4 earnings
5 unfortunate
6 undoubtedly
7 supporting
8 possibility

WRITING pages 86–87

Exercise 1
1 Recommendation
2 Personal opinion
3 Introduction
4 Recommendation
5 Personal opinion
6 Overview
7 Overview
8 Introduction
Exercise 2
Yes; paragraph 3 says what the student learned and why they enjoyed it

39
Exercise 3
1 Because he/she has always wanted to visit Siberia.
2 stubbornly independent and full of determination
3 coming face to face with a large brown bear
4 that it gives the reader a fascinating view of the Siberian people and culture
5 anyone who wants to find out more about Siberia
Exercise 5
I was impressed by …
For me, however, even more interesting were …
REVIEW page 155
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 dress
2 graphic
3 award
4 opening
5 road
6 folk
Exercise 2
1 harsh
2 leading
3 captures
4 high
5 common
6 rave
Exercise 3
1 animated
2 tension
3 critical
4 dramatic
5 supporting
6 sensational
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 You did see that film when it first came out, didn’t you?
2 I don’t buy many books, but I do borrow a lot from the library.
3 She does seem very upset about something, but I don’t know what.
4 He’s not a fan of sci-fi films, but he does love Alien.
Exercise 5
1 has she written two novels, she’s also released a poetry collection
2 have I felt so disappointed in a film
3 enjoyed more than anything else was the soundtrack
4 the director who decided to set the story in Scotland
5 she had given the interview did most people change their minds
6 surprised her was the ending

40
Exercise 6
1 didn’t enjoy the film, did you
2 ‘ve read this book, haven’t they
3 isn’t coming to the theatre tonight, is he
4 has been successful, hasn’t it

41
Unit 8

UNIT OPENER page 89

Exercise 2
Suggested answers
1 spring 2 food 3 breathing 4 sling

READING pages 90–91

Exercise 2
1 600 2 17th 3 Whales
Exercise 3
1T
2 F (We all go through different stages of brain activity.)
3 F (We don’t move during REM sleep.)
4T
Exercise 4
the last paragraph
Exercise 5
1B 2D 3C 4A 5D 6B
VOCABULARY page 92
Exercise 1
1 diarrhoea, food poisoning
2 hay fever, itchy
3 allergy, swells, rash
4 scar, transplant
5 dizzy, faint
6 stitches
Exercise 2
1 unfit
2 mild
3 infect
4 non-infectious
5 vulnerable
6 scratch
Exercise 3
1 severe
2 shivering
3 catching
4 infect
5 mild
6 resistant
Exercise 4
1c 2f 3a 4e 5b 6d
Exercise 5
a5 b4 c2 d3 e1

42
GRAMMAR page 93
Exercise 1
a could, was able to
b couldn’t
c manage to, succeed in
d be able to
Exercise 2
1 couldn’t
2 be able to
3 could / was able to
4 was able to
5 being able to
6 succeeded in
Exercise 3
1 might, could, may 2 must 3 can’t
Exercise 4
1 could
2 can’t
3 might
4 might not
5 can’t
6 must
Exercise 5
1 don’t have to / be allowed to
2 don’t have to / be allowed to
3 should / shouldn’t
4 be supposed to
5 must / mustn’t
Exercise 6
1 supposed, allowed
2 have, should
3 ought
4 have
5 shouldn’t
6 must
LISTENING page 94
Exercise 1
1 adaptive
2 disabled
3 disabilities
4 amputations
5 intellectual
6 non-disabled
Exercise 2
1 a young child
2 didn’t have
3 doesn’t feel

43
Exercise 4
1C 2C 3 D 4 A 5 A 6 B
GRAMMAR page 96
Exercise 1
1 Katya, Rudi
2 Bella
Exercise 2
1 Didn’t need to
2 Needn’t have
Exercise 3
1 should have come
2 would have enjoyed
3 shouldn’t have forgotten
4 could have borrowed
5 ought to have called
Exercise 4
a could have
b would have
c should have, ought to have
d ought to have
Exercise 5
1 didn’t need to pay
2 shouldn’t have forgotten
3 would / could have won
4 needn’t have brought / didn’t need to bring
5 would have hated
Exercise 6
1 might
2 can’t
3 must
4 Could
5 may
6 must

USE YOUR ENGLISH page 97

Exercise 1
1 good chance that
2 wouldn’t bet on it
3 strong probability
4 chances are
5 believe it when I see it
Exercise 2
1 issue
2 word
3 note
4 board
5 effect

44
Exercise 3
1 twisted
2 diagnosed
3 sustained, discharged
4 build up
5 contracted
Exercise 4
1 needn’t have arrived so early
2 must have broken
3 I’ll believe it/that
4 your advice on board
5 taken issue with
6 build up your

WRITING pages 98–99

Exercise 1
1a 2b 3b 4a 5a 6b
Exercise 2
1f 2a 3c 4e 5d 6b
Exercise 3
1 benefit
2 fundamental
3 outdated
4 affordable
5 discouraged
6 investing in
Exercise 4
1 the college
2 which facilities could be improved and how; how this will benefit students and staff
VIDEO page 100
Exercise 2
1T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6T
Exercise 3
1 crossed
2 hospitals
3 independence
4 state
5 eye camp
6 spread
7 connected
8 fortunate

45
REVIEW page 156
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 acute
2 rash
3 scar
4 dizzy
5 toned
6 vaccine
Exercise 2
1 twisted
2 agony
3 fracture
4 paramedics
5 discharged
6 physiotherapist
Exercise 3
1d2e3a4c5b
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 couldn’t
2 being able
3 managed to
4 could / was able to
5 be able to
Exercise 5
1 supposed
2 needn’t
3 allowed
4 may
5 have
6 ought
Exercise 6
1 could have come
2 would have loved
3 must have practised
4 can’t have broken
5 might have gone
6 shouldn’t have been

46
Unit 9

UNIT OPENER page 101

Exercise 2
Suggested answers
1 An early adopter is a person who starts using a product or technology as soon as it becomes
available.
2 Advantages: the files don’t take up space on your computer; you won’t lose important files if your
computer is damaged. Disadvantages: your files could be hacked, you might have to pay a
subscription.
READING pages 102–103
Exercise 3
1E 2D 3A 4B 5C
Exercise 4
1B 2D 3A 4C 5E 6A 7C 8E 9D 10B
VOCABULARY page 104
Exercise 1
1 format
2 export
3 navigate
4 folder
5 select
6 drop-down menu
Exercise 2
1 folder
2 drop-down menu
3 select
4 format
5 navigate
6 export
Exercise 3
1f2d3a4b5c6e
Exercise 4
1 Bluetooth
2 graphics
3 RAM
4 USB
5 screenshots
6 spreadsheets
7 read-only
8 compatible

47
Exercise 5
1 RAM, uninstall
2 hacked, screenshot
3 Bluetooth, swipe
4 cut, pasted, graphics

GRAMMAR page 105

Exercise 1
1b 2e 3a 4c 5d
Exercise 2
1d2a3c4b
Exercise 3
1 Would you have chosen
2 tell
3 wouldn’t live
4 don’t want
5 gets
6 save
7 had to
8 didn’t read
Exercise 4
1c2f3e4b5d6a
Exercise 5
1 understood
2 were going to go
3 wouldn’t be paying
4 had been able to
5 wouldn’t have got
LISTENING page 106
Exercise 1
1b 2e 3d 4c 5a
Exercise 4
1 3D animation
2 anxious
3 spaceship
4 teach game design
Exercise 6
Suggested answers
1 mathematics
2 silly game
3 intensive coding course
4 language
5 community
6 second year
7 worried
8 little brother

48
SPEAKING page 107
Exercise 2
The girl. The boy doesn’t respond to what she says, he just carries on with his own arguments.
Exercise 3
1B 2G 3B 4G 5B
Exercise 5
1 the next big technological advance
2 our future use of technology
3 learn a language online
4 using mobile phones to communicate
GRAMMAR page 108
Exercise 1
1 it looks as if
2 I wish I hadn’t
3 Supposing
4 Provided, Otherwise
5 As long as, unless
Exercise 2
1a, e 2b 3d 4g 5f 6c
Exercise 3
1 As long as
2 it looks as if
3 otherwise
4 Unless
5 I wish I hadn’t
6 Supposing
7 Provided you’ve
Exercise 5
a should b were c had d not
Exercise 6
1 Had he followed the instructions
2 Should you experience any problems
3 Were they to watch the video
4 Were your computers not so unreliable
5 Had she not refreshed the page
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 109
Exercise 1
1b 2e 3d 4a 5c
Exercise 2
1 their cool
2 your word
3 a low profile
4 track of

49
Exercise 3
1 it’s not rocket science
2 on the same wavelength
3 cutting-edge
4 light years ahead
5 like a well-oiled machine
Exercise 4
1 for
2 at
3 on
4 of
5 with
Exercise 5
1 autonomous
2 chemical
3 electronics
4 energy
5 experimental
6 mechanical
7 privacy
8 secure
9 technological
10 theory
Exercise 6
1 what
2 that
3 the
4 like
5 on
6 keep
7 order
8 though

WRITING pages 110–111

Exercise 1
1 a F: In my opinion, increasing use, development
1 b I: There’s no doubt in my mind
2 a I: it’s only a matter of time, !
2 b F: There are concerns that
3 a I: take on, boring jobs
3 b F: With the increase of, growth in
Exercise 2
1 F (you must include at least one piece of information)
2 T (give your opinion)
3 F (it will be read by people who read the school
newspaper)

50
Exercise 3
Suggested answers
After all: used to add information that shows what you have just said is true
On top of this: used to add to the point mentioned previously
Having said that: used to express contrast from the previous points
The fact is that: used for emphasis to highlight an important point
Digital native: people that have grown up using technology
Move with the times: as technology changes, people should adapt to the changes
LIVE WELL, STUDY WELL page 112
Exercise 2
a4 b3 c1 d2
REVIEW page 157
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 hacked
2 format
3 folder
4 refreshing
5 read-only
6 select
Exercise 2
1 privacy
2 autonomous
3 energy
4 experimental
5 mechanics
6 theoretical
Exercise 3
1 word
2 cool
3 track
4 profile
5 eye
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 hadn’t fixed
2 would have asked
3 were designing
4 would have bought
5 had read
Exercise 5
1 unless
2 provided
3 wish
4 Supposing
5 otherwise

51
Exercise 6
1 Had I studied computer science at university, I would have designed my own app.
2 Were she to hear about this, she would be absolutely furious.
3 Should you want to buy a new computer, I’ll be happy to help you.
4 Had they not uninstalled the program, the computer would have crashed.
5 Should he call again, I’ll pass on your message.

52
Unit 10

READING pages 114–115

Exercise 4
1D 2B 3A 4C
Exercise 5
1 on the cusp of (line 2)
2 place faith in (line 36)
3 reflect (line 53)
4 the bigger picture (line 57)
Exercise 6
1A 2D 3B 4B
VOCABULARY page 116
Exercise 1
1 agency
2 finance
3 human resources
4 invoices
5 recruitment
6 vacancy
7 sick leave
8 supplier
9 personnel
10 administrator
Exercise 2
1 finance
2 human resources
3 sick leave
4 vacancies
5 invoice
6 recruitment
7 administrator
8 personnel
9 supplier
10 agency
Exercise 3
1 résumé
2 placement
3 intern
4 bonus
5 hectic
6 tedious
7 supervisor
8 minimum wage

53
GRAMMAR page 117
Exercise 1
1 a (defining clause)
2 b (non-defining clause)
Exercise 2
1 non-defining
2 defining
3 non-defining
Exercise 3
1 No (The relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause – the verb comes directly after the
relative pronoun.)
2 ✓ (The relative pronoun refers to the object of the relative clause (the careers advisor).)
3 No (You can’t leave out where.)
4 ✓ (The relative pronoun refers to the object of the clause (the summer job).)
5 ✓ (The relative pronoun refers to the object of the clause (the agency).)
We can leave out the relative pronoun when it is the object of the clause. However, we cannot leave
out where in a relative clause.
Exercise 4
1a 2a 3a
Exercise 5
a informal, formal
a before
Exercise 6
1 a in which I had put the application
b (which) I had put the application in
2 a to whom she gave the job
b (who) she gave the job to
3 a for which he prepared
b (which) he prepared for
4 a to whom Nico is talking
b (who) Nico is talking to
5 a for which they work
b (which) they work for
6 a with whom he shares an office
b (who) he shares an office with
LISTENING page 118
Exercise 2
1 wasn’t
2 has
3 incorrect
4 understands
5 isn’t
Exercise 4
Speaker 1: A (I’m beginning to worry)
Speaker 2: B (that’s not going to hold me back, Nothing’s going to stop me now)
Exercise 5
1E 2A 3G 4C 5D 6E 7H 8A 9C 10B

54
SPEAKING page 119
Exercise 3
Boy: 1, 4
Girl: 2, 3
GRAMMAR page 120
Exercise 1
1c 2d 3a 4b
Exercise 2
1 doesn’t change 2 the same as 3 before
Exercise 3
1 Feeling nervous
2 dropping all the documents on the floor
3 Starting next month
4 Chewing his sandwich
Exercise 4
1PE 2PA 3PE 4PA
Exercise 5
1 passive
2 before
3 active
4 passive
5 been
Exercise 6
1 Owned
2 Having spent
3 Founded
4 Taking
5 Sold
6 Having been helped

USE YOUR ENGLISH page 121

Exercise 1
1 got, worked up
2 work in progress
3 do the donkey work
4 worked her way up
5 do the dirty work
6 make light work of
Exercise 2
1 of
2 to
3 with
4 for
5 from
6 in

55
Exercise 3
1 growth
2 increase
3 increasingly
4 rely
5 reliable
6 / 7 production / producer (also ‘product’)
8 productive
9 productively
Exercise 5
1 increasingly
2 employers
3 growth
4 inexpensively
5 locations
6 reliable
7 surprisingly
8 productive

WRITING pages 122–123

Exercise 1
1c 2a 3d 4b
Exercise 3
1 the principal of the college
2 to say why you deserve a grant to study at the college
3 evidence that you are enthusiastic and hard-working; details of why you deserve a grant and how
you would benefit from studying in the UK
Exercise 4
1e2b3c4a5d
Exercise 5
1a 2b 3b 4b 5a 6a 7b 8b 9b
VIDEO page124
Exercise 2
ab 2b 3a 4b 5a 6a
Exercise 3
1 passage
2 freak out
3 muddy
4 run over
5 challenge
6 power
7 assignment
8 miss

56
REVIEW page 158
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 agency
2 placement
3 administrator
4 hectic
5 résumé
6 resources
Exercise 2
1 eligible
2 involved
3 accustomed
4 presented
5 incapable
6 derived
Exercise 3
1c 2f 3a 4d 5b 6e
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 who
2 that
3 Who cannot be omitted.
4 Where cannot be omitted.
5 Which cannot be omitted.
6 which
Exercise 5
1 Sitting down at her desk
2 Looking after recruitment
3 earning a big bonus
4 Not understanding the spreadsheet
Exercise 6
1 Having failed
2 Reorganised
3 Reading
4 Paid
5 Having been given
6 Not feeling

57
Unit 11

READING pages 126–127

Exercise 1
1 The plants are growing on a rooftop in a city
2 They are being grown without soil
3 This method is cleaner and more efficient than using soil, and the plants will be less heavy.
Exercise 2
Five: Nature Urbaine, Paris; Pasona Urban Farm, Tokyo; Sprout Hub, Singapore; Emile Street
Community Research Farm, Houston, Texas; Merwehaven dairy farm, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Exercise 3
A: The volunteers, community
B: Still in Asia … south of Japan, school, residents, plant their own …
C: Another farming method
D: Take Nature Urbaine in Paris, for example, rooftop farm
E: The farm’s founders, growing food on the water
F: The farm, community spirit, built-up urban areas
G: on the other hand, special lighting … , office block, meeting rooms
Exercise 4
1D 2G 3B 4F 5A 6E
VOCABULARY page 128
Exercise 1
1d 2g 3c 4f 5a 6b 7h 8e
Exercise 2
1 conservation area
2 isolated
3 warehouse
4 congestion
5 densely populated
6 landfill site
Exercise 3
1 retail park
2 chain stores
3 warehouse
4 restored
5 run-down
6 vibrant
Exercise 4
1S 2S 3A 4A 5A 6S

58
GRAMMAR page 129
Exercise 1
a informal
b cannot
c must
d either before or after
e before
f after
Exercise 2
1 both a and b are correct (the object (tomorrow’s meeting) is not a very long phrase so it can go
before or after the particle)
2 a is a better sentence because the object is a long phrase (some new rules on cycling in the city
centre), so it’s best to put the particle immediately after the verb and before the object
3 a is correct, b is incorrect (the object is a pronoun (it) so it must come between the verb and
particle)
4 both a and b are correct
5 a is correct, b is incorrect (the object is a pronoun (it) so it must come between the verb and
particle)
Exercise 3
a does not
b always, after
Exercise 4
1 sorted this problem
2 did he set off / out
3 can lead to
4 look this information up / look up this information
5 fill in this form / fill this form in
LISTENING page 130
Exercise 1
1a 2a 3b 4b 5b 6a
Exercise 2
2
Exercise 3
1 doesn’t hate
2 realise
3 expected
4 has had
Exercise 4
1B 2A 3C 4B 5A 6B
GRAMMAR page 132
Exercise 1
1R 2R 3C 4C

59
Exercise 2
1 since
2 although
3 because of
4 despite
Exercise 3
1 Despite (though must be followed by a clause)
2 Since (due to must be followed by a noun phrase or -ing form)
3 Although (in spite of must be followed by a noun phrase or -ing form)
4 as (because of must be followed by a noun phrase or -ing form)
5 on account of (since must be followed by a clause)
6 In spite of (although must be followed by a clause)
Exercise 4
a however b similarly c therefore d furthermore
Exercise 5
1 two sentences 2 second 3 comma
Exercise 6
1 Furthermore
2 Although
3 Because of
4 Similarly
5 since
6 Consequently

USE YOUR ENGLISH page 133

Exercise 1
1 middle-of-the-road
2 out on the town
3 go to town
4 right up your street
5 the man in the street
6 on the streets
Exercise 2
1e 2b 3a 4c 5d
Exercise 3
1 putting me up / going to put me up
2 comes off
3 come up
4 stands for
5 pull down
Exercise 5
1 centrally – c
2 renewal – e
3 planning – a
4 development – b
5 inner – d

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Exercise 6
1 spite of being
2 to set off / out
3 due to the
4 is right up his
5 even so, I don’t
6 to pull down

WRITING pages 134–135

Exercise 1
1 mouth-watering
2 engaging, hilarious
3 tragic
4 adequate, outrageous
5 terrifying
6 devastating / tragic
Exercise 2
1 students who go to the college
2 informal
3 why they love their favourite building and what it’s used for
Exercise 3
1 significant
2 stunning
3 shabby
4 fascinating
5 charming
6 massive
Exercise 4
1 Having said that
2 In fact
3 For me
4 pass through, check out
REVIEW page 159
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 high-rise
2 vibrant
3 car-free
4 run-down
5 neglected
6 congestion
Exercise 2
1 up
2 down
3 up
4 off
5 for

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Exercise 3
1 housing development
2 inner city
3 centrally located
4 urban renewal
5 town planning
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 look it up
2 depending on you
3 carry out the necessary repairs
4 came across this article
5 get off the train
Exercise 5
1 due
2 Although
3 despite
4 because
5 account
6 spite
Exercise 6
1c 2a 3d 4b

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Unit 12

READING pages 138–139

Exercise 2
The article mentions sending smoke signals, telling stories through songs, written language, printing
press, emojis, Egyptian hieroglyphics, eye contact, hand gestures, facial expressions, body posture,
email, social media post, text messages.
Exercise 3
1 … isn’t possible to multitask effectively: at the same time, simultaneously, (C)
2 … connections, essential: a basic need to communicate (A)
3 … don’t have to witness, results of actions: … rather than having to deal with the other person’s
reaction face-to-face (D)
4 … ways, convey meaning haven’t altered: remain, forms of communication (A)
5 … need more than, knowledge, words, speak, language: … much more than translating the words (E)
6 Etiquette, communication, isn’t the same: … socially acceptable (C)
7 … do, more important, say: 70%, communication, non-verbal (B)
8 Technology, broadened opportunities, communicate: see … on screens, talk, thousands of miles
away (B)
9 Communication, third party, not as effective as person to person: meaningful, speak directly (E)
10 … written messages, making us less empathetic: care less about other people’s emotions (D)
Exercise 4
1 essentially
2 comparable to
3 complicated
4 advantage
5 how we stand or sit
6 something that stops you from concentrating
7 end
8 understanding of
Exercise 5
1C 2A 3D 4A 5E 6C 7B 8B 9E 10D
VOCABULARY page 140
Exercise 1
Suggested answer
Intercultural communication means to successfully communicate with people from different cultures
and backgrounds.
Exercise 2
1 convention
2 understanding
3 non-verbal
4 expectations
5 impression
6 articulate
7 tone
8 gestures
9 convey
10 controversial

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Exercise 3
1 confrontation (a negative word, meaning when people argue)
2 contradict (say someone is wrong: the others mean to accept defeat)
3 concede (give in or accept something is true)
4 object (be opposed to something)
5 open-minded (willing to consider new ideas)
Exercise 4
1 object
2 contradict
3 resolve
4 consensus
5 challenge
6 open-minded
Exercise 5
1 convey
2 impression
3 articulate
4 non-verbal
5 resolve
6 challenge
7 confrontation
8 consensus
Exercise 6
1 defending
2 objecting to
3 generalising
4 confirm
5 persuade
6 reconsider

GRAMMAR page 141

Exercise 1
1T
2 F (The writer expected more people: There were far fewer people than I had expected.)
3 F (They are only slightly cheaper: the tickets were slightly more expensive than similar events)
4T
5T
Exercise 2
1 comparative
2 superlative
3 comparative
Exercise 3
1 by far the most open-minded
2 to be slightly more interesting
3 Easily the most exciting thing that can happen
4 is considerably more difficult

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Exercise 4
a just as … as
b as much as, as many as
c not quite as … as
d nowhere near as … as
Exercise 5
2 He isn’t quite as articulate as his sister. / He is almost as articulate as his sister. / He is nearly as
articulate as his sister.
3 The scientist’s book was quite as amazing as the philosopher’s book. / The scientist’s book was just
as amazing as the philosopher’s book.
4 This film is a lot / considerably / significantly / far / way scarier than the one we saw last week.
5 Jan is by far / easily the most talkative of the three sisters. / Jan is the most talkative of the three
sisters by a long way.
LISTENING page 142
Exercise 2
1d 2b 3a 4c
Exercise 4
1A 2C 3B 4C 5D 6C

SPEAKING page 143

Exercise 1
1 Student A: they use varied intonation which sounds lively and interested and they develop their
answer.
2 Student B: their speech is very flat and they use basic, repetitive language.
Exercise 2
1 Student A: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
2 Student B: 2, 3
GRAMMAR page 144
Exercise 1
Gradable: interesting, good, successful
Non-gradable: stunning, magnificent, hilarious
Exercise 2
1 can
2 can
3 can’t
4 can’t
Exercise 3
1 small
2 surprised
3 vast
4 terrified
5 good
6 invaluable

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Exercise 4
a so
b such
c too
d enough
Exercise 5
1 such
2 so
3 such
4 so
5 so
6 so
7 too
8 enough
9 such
USE YOUR ENGLISH page 145
Exercise 1
1 deliver
2 make
3 conduct
4 have
5 give
6 hold
Exercise 2
1 over
2 out
3 back
4 round
5 at
6 of
Exercise 3
1a 2b 3b 4a 5a
Exercise 5
1C 2A 3C 4D 5A 6D 7C 8C

WRITING pages 146–147

Exercise 1
1 Two
2 No; you can, but you should use your own words as much as possible.
3 Minimum 220, maximum 260
Exercise 2
Suggested answer
The essay does well on all four criteria, and would be likely to score 4 or 5 on each point.

66
Exercise 3
1 Having attended
2 There is no doubt that
3 One important factor
4 Similarly
5 Another point
6 On balance
VIDEO page 148
Exercise 1
1 75%
2 50,000
3 25,000
4 1/12 of a teaspoon
Exercise 2
1 lost
2 urban farms
3 medicine
4 beekeepers of colour
5 have never seen a honeycomb before
6 didn’t come across many positive role models
Exercise 3
1 vacant
2 transforming
3 remedies
4 typical
5 educating
6 conservation
7 nature
8 leader

REVIEW page 160

Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 tone, impression
2 understanding, confrontation
3 settle, reconsider
4 articulate, inflexible
5 challenge, object
Exercise 2
1 making
2 give
3 hold
4 conducting
5 have

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Exercise 3
1d
2a
3e
4b
5c
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 by far
2 easily
3 considerably
4 slightly
Exercise 5
1 many
2 just
3 absolutely
4 nowhere
5 very
6 nearly
Exercise 6
1 so
2 enough
3 such
4 enough
5 so
6 too
7 too
8 such

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