ARTICLES

The children are playing The children are playing

in a garden. in the garden.
play piano/guitar/violin play the piano/the guitar/the violin
a Sun the Sun
Where is sky? Where is the sky?
go to a seaside go to the seaside
Pilot flies planes. A pilot flies planes.
have a fun have fun
Is your dad firefighter? Is your dad a firefighter?
3 breads 3 loaves of bread
Who do you see in the picture, Who do you see in the picture,
the girl or the boy? a girl or a boy?
 NOUNS

many fish
(*fishes is used to refer to different
many fishes species of fish)
(fish, deer, sheep, series, species
– no change)

many mouses many mice

Do you cat? Do you like cats?

She has long hair.

(when it refers to hair in general but if it
She has a long hair.
refers to individual strands of hair you can
use the article “a”)
fruit
fruits (when it refers to food but when it refers to
different kinds of fruit you can use “fruits”)
paper
(when it refers to the material but when it
papers
refers to a report/essay or a newspaper
you can use “papers)
My family is big. My family are big.
(many relatives form one large group) (individual relatives, each being fat!)

Let me give you some advice/ a

Let me give you an advice.
piece of advice.
* some of the uncountable nouns in English: advice, research, knowledge, work,
accommodation, baggage, equipment, furniture, garbage, information, luggage,
money, news, pasta, progress, travel, homework, weather, bread (no plural form,
don’t use A or AN)
 PRONOUNS

Look at the dog. It is cute.

Look at the dog. He is cute. (*he/she is used the relationship is
personal like a pet that has a name)
These are my/your/his/her/our/their
toys.
These are mine toys.
These toys are
mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs.

Ana is taller than I. Ana is taller than me.

Karen and I spend

a lot of time together.
Me and Karen spend (*’me and X’ is sometimes heard in
a lot of time together. everyday conversation. However, most
people regard this structure as
uneducated.)

Why is crowded in the mitten? Why is it crowded in the mitten?

Can you say again? Can you say it again?

Yes, I like very much. Yes, I like it very much.

 ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

Can you hear me good? Can you hear me well?

It tastes/smells good.
(be, seem, look, become, taste, smell,
It tastes/smells well.
sound, grow, appear, stay, get +
adjective)

Dad works hardly. Dad works hard.

this/that books these/those books

Did you do something funny today? Did you do something fun today?

(adverbs modify nouns and pronouns whereas adjectives modify verbs,

adjectives and adverbs.)

QUANTIFIERS

We don’t have a time. We don’t have any time left.

He doesn’t have some money. He doesn’t have any money.

A few/few/many homework A little/little/much/a lot of homework

 DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECTS

Can you explain (to me) what it

Can you explain me what it means?
means?
Circle me a dog. Circle the dog, please.
Draw me a flower. Draw a flower, please.
They gave her the flowers.
They gave to her flowers.
They gave the flowers to her.
Tell what you see in the picture. Tell me what you see in the picture.

WORD ORDER

I like more June than May. I like June more than May.
I go every Saturday to the I go to the supermarket every
supermarket. Saturday.
I often go shopping.
(always, never, often, usually,
sometimes, rarely etc. generally go
I go often shopping.
before the main verb but with the verb
TO BE they go after the verb)
I am never late for school.
How it was? How was it?
What can you see else here? What else can you see here?
SUBJECT+VERB+OBJECT+MANNER+PLACE+TIME
You spoke English very well in class yesterday.
 PREPOSITIONS

Now we can continue (with) our

Now we can continue to our lesson.
lesson.
Let’s discuss about it. Let’s discuss it./Let’s talk about it.
We’ve done enough for today. We’ve done enough today.
wait me wait for me
The bird is on the tree. The bird is in the tree.
I went in England last summer. I went to England last summer.
Have you been in London? Have you been to London?
Can you do it on your own/ by
Can you do it by your own?
yourself?
It starts on the letter G. It starts with the letter G.
I congratulate you for your success. I congratulate you on your success.
It has been snowing from Monday. It has been snowing since Monday.
Adam is so different from/to his
Adam is so different than his brother.
brother.
She entered into the kitchen. She entered the kitchen.
enjoy in your day enjoy your day
I recommend you that you read this
I recommend you to read this book.
book.
I’m not really good/bad in Maths. I am not really good/bad at Maths.
Knock the door Knock at the door
Please, answer to my question. Please, answer my question.
pay attention on pay attention to
 PREPOSITIONS

What do you see on the picture? What do you see in the picture?

I will see you at our next class. I will see you in our next class.
I go to school by foot. I go to school on foot.
In/At what time…? What time..?
Let’s go back on the lesson. Let’s go back to the lesson.
in the noon at noon
at/on the sky in the sky
write me write (something) to me
at Monday on Monday
Look me. Look at me.
Look in the Sun Look at the Sun.
on the east in the east
What do we use an axe? What do we use an axe for?
It was pleasure to meeting you today. It was a pleasure meeting you today.
Which grade are you? Which grade are you in?
With whom do you play football?
Who do you play football with?
(only in formal styles)
I like listening music. I like listening to music.
interested for interested in
afraid from afraid of
depend of/from depend on
 INIDRECT QUESTIONS

Can you tell me how old are you? Can you tell me how old you are?
What do you think is she reading? What do you think she is reading?
Do you know what’s this? Do you know what this is?
Let’s see what words did we Let’s see what words we
learn today. learned today.
Tell me does John like flying. Tell me if/weather John likes flying.
Can/Could you tell me…
Tell me…
Do you know… + POSITIVE WORD ORDER
May/Can I ask you…

VERBS

He like apples. He likes apples.

What does he has in the bag? What does he have in the bag?
How many classes did you had How many classes did you have
today? today?
How many of you there is? How many of you are there?
I didn’t went to school today. I didn’t go to school today.
Is there any people? Are there any people?
Jen helps her mum carrying the box. Jen helps her mum carry the box.
How are you this week? How have you been this week?
You like ice cream, isn’t it? You like ice cream, don’t you?
 VERBS

I look forward to see you again. I look forward to seeing you again.
He insisted on carrying
He insisted to carry his own bag.
his own bag.
Who cleans the table?
Who clean the table?
(*WHO- subject, no inversion,
the 3rd person singular)
Tell a sentence Say a sentence
I were at home. I was at home.
Can you say me how to tell Can you tell me how to say
this in English? this in English?
Can you teach me to speak
Can you learn me to speak Chinese?
English better?
There is seven rooms in my house. There are seven rooms in my house.
 MISCELLANEOUS

Everybody like football. Everybody likes football.

How to spell…? How do you spell…?
How does it look like? What does it look like?
How do you call…? What do you call…?
I can’t read and write. I can’t read or write.
How does a cat say? What does a cat say?

Today lesson will be about… Today’s lesson will be about…

How’s the weather?
How’s the weather like?
What’s the weather like?
Let’s remember the words. Let’s review the words.
I have 27 years. I am 27 years old.
I am not hungry, too. I am not hungry either. /
(negative sentences) Neither am I.
A: I like cats. A: I like cats.
B: Me also. (positive sentences) B: Me to./ So do I.
I don’t know as well. I don’t know either.
She is not afraid of nobody.
(when we use negative words such
as nobody, nowhere, never or She is not afraid of anybody.
nothing, we do not commonly
use a negative verb)
She spoke English enough She spoke English well enough
well to get the job. to get the job.
How much is the temperature? What is the temperature?