AMBO UNIVERSTY

ARCHITECTHURE & Urban

planning Department
INTRNSHIP REPORT

EDEN WONDWOSSEN
ID.NO BRT/0014/09
Advisor: -MR JOSEPH
2019/2020G.C
Name of student:- EDEN WONDWOSSEN
ID.NO :- BRT/0014/09
Acadamic year :-2019/2020 G.C
company:-SKY VIEW CONSULTING ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS

DECLARATION
I am student EDEN WONDWOSSEN with ID no BRT/0014/09.currently a 4th year
architecture student in Ambo Institution of Technology University. I attend internship
program at the organization called SKY VIEW CONSULTING ARCHITECTS AND
ENGINEERS limited enterprise during the first semester of 2012E.C academic year. I
would serve this organization to the best of my potential by putting my theoretical
knowledge into practice.

I attend in this organization to meet the current situation of the technology in con-
struction and design of different types of building practically with the supporting of SKY
VIEW CONSULTING ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS and I would like to engage my
potential & knowledge in advanced manner in practices by making me challenged
problem solving and forwarding my idea in to qualified and practical work.

NAME:- EDEN WONDWOSSEN

Address:- Student at Ambo universty
phone :-+251977267399
Name of corresponding supervisor:-
E-mail:-
Signature: ____________________
Name of corresponding advioser:- Approved by Joseph
Signature:_____________________________

I
Acknowledgement
I am deeply indebted to my supervisor on the firm, for their whole hearted interest to show
me everything that have been doing in the site and office. I am also grateful Ar. the owner of
the company for giving me the opportunity to work in the company. It would be very difficult to
achieve my four month intern with out there support. My heart full respect my family and
almighty GOD for all the help.
Last but not the least I would like to thank Ambo institution of Technology University, Depart-
ment of architecture and for providing this opportunity to convert my theoretical knowledge
into practice. I would also like to express my gratitude to Ar. Abdulkerim for giving me good
advice, suggestion, inspiration and support.

II
 EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
The objective of the technical proposal is to provide procedures, method and tech-
niques on how the internship will proceed and accomplish the project. This proposal has
therefore been prepared in accordance with the terms of reference issued by outline for an
internship report.

Introduction summarizes the background of the project. The projective and the scope of
this internship works and presentation format of this proposal as well as project apprecia-
tion. Approach and methodology provides the core of the technical proposal which
describes the proposed methodology approach of the various tasks to be undertaken and
demonstrates my understanding of the project fulfillment and technical practice.

This paper is prepared by the outline that was provided by the university industry
linkage office which includes the back ground of SKY VIEW CONSELTANT AND ARCH-
TECTS the internship hosting company & its experiences in general working in the building
sector of our country especially in Addis Ababa city. The company also work on commercial
& business center on yeka sub city and bola sub city

Projects from the internship give me a lot of knowledge & understandings about the
design office & site works. The internship gives me a good site about the work & to check
my ability to treat with the design & construction industry. Through internship I understand
what challenges I face during the work what type of solutions I should give for the prob-
lems.

Generally, the internship helps me to boast the good qualities, minimize the bad
ones & to develop intercommunication, leadership, team work skill & to have good work
ethics.

III
 TABEL CONTENTS

Declaration ..................................................................................................................I
Acknowlegement ..........................................................................................................II
Excutive summery ....................................................................................................... III

CHAPTER ONE
Introduction ..................................................................................................................1
History of the company ................................................................................................2
Company profile ............................................................................................................
Organizational structure.................................................................................................3
Company address..........................................................................................................4
Accomplishment.............................................................................................................5
Main product and service ............................................................................................. 8
Main customers of the company....................................................................................
International experiance................................................................................................

CHAPTER TWo
My overall internship exprience.....................................................................................9
How i get into the company............................................................................................
In which section of the company i have been working ..................................................
The work piece or the work task i have been executing..............................................10
Challang and solution...................................................................................................11

CHAPTER THREE
Project work out...........................................................................................................12
Site works ....................................................................................................................
constraction and design process.................................................................................15
Electrical system..........................................................................................................18
Sanitary........................................................................................................................19
Tips to know about different room................................................................................20
Design..........................................................................................................................21

CHAPTER FOUR
Overall benifit from intern ship ....................................................................................38
Interms of improving my practical skill ..........................................................................
Theortical knowledge...................................................................................................40
Interms of personal communication ...............................................................................
Team playing skill ...........................................................................................................
Work ethics related issue................................................................................................

CHAPTER FOUR
Conclusion...................................................................................................................42
Recommendation.........................................................................................................44
References ...............................................................................................................45
CHAPTER ONE

1.INTRODUCTION

On the beginning of January I started my internship at Sky View consulting architects and
engineers. During txhe internship I would get to participate as a fully-fledged member of the
team here, with being responsible for my own projects and dealing with clients, designing,
drawing, and visiting sites before, during construction.
Some of the projects I got to be responsible for has been for the commune, and has involved
design, and model works. I also participated in some other projects like residence (villa),
mixed use, church, and mosque and also I spent the some of the internship time with civil
engineers in the site to see structural and construction aspect of the building. .Everything has
been done under guidance of the employees at the company.

The purpose if this internship is to give me, the student, an insight and working knowledge
about what goes on in the field. How the construction site works, how to deal with clients, how
to deal with contractors, and last but not least, how to structure the work one does. What to do
first, what to do second, and onwards. How to decide what is important and what is not. These
are skills that are maybe hard to get a grip on unless one has experience in the field.

In the following chapters of this report I will explain further what I have done during my intern-
ship, and what my reflections on what I got to do.

1
1.2 History of the company

1.2.1. Company Profile

Sky View consulting architects and engineers is a local multidisciplinary consulting company
in the field of design and engineering works. The company has been established as sky view
consulting architect and engineers with two permanent partners and four pare tie multidisci-
plinary professional experts operating the discipline of engineering and architecture with
excellent experiences in the construction industry of the country

1.2.2 Vision, Objectives, Mission and Quality Policy

Vision: To be a company that is a global player in the field of architecture and engineer-
ing consultancy firm known for professional and business integrity.

Objectives: To give creative solutions to the new demands of the design industry that
can sustain the taste of time.
*To contribute professional service to overcome the high demand of engineering
works design, study and management
*To upgrade the skill of the professionals in the engineering field
*To promote the engineering industry by producing quality work

Mission: preserve to preform undertaking assigned to us on time, provide the highest

quality, within the allocated project budget and to the specifications set for the job.
*Adding value to our clients.
*Nurturing and promoting our talents
*Respecting our employee’s and intense effort and contriubution.

Client Service Excellence

We add value to our client’s project We add value to our client’s project
through innovative solutions. through innovative solutions. Consisten-
Consistency and knowledge in dealing cy and knowledge in dealing
with our clients has contributed to our with our clients has contributed to
fulfllment and corporate success our fulfllment and corporate success

CORE VALUES

Quality Assurance Employees

We are driven to attend to our We pursue business opportunitie

client’s concern responsively towards that will enable us to be competive by
delivering our commitments. empowering our emploees to take on
initiative and at th
same time promote ownership responsibili-
ties and accountabi ties to results and
performance.

2
 1.2. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The company have different stuff that have been involved in different activities. They are
permanent and temporary according to the project that have been undertaken by the company.

ORGANIZATION AND MANAGMENT

In every organization, the most important asset is the people that play essential role in the
performance of the company’s functions and re¬sponsibilities. Thus, Sky view architecture &
engineering consultancy plc. is fortunate to have highly qualified and experienced personnel.
Recip¬rocally, Sky view Architecture &Engineering Consultancy plc has aimed to provide its
employees all the basic necessities while performing their assigned tasks and at the same time
equip them through training and seminars to enhance their capabilities. The company as orga-
nization and the employees, because of the mutual benefits that simultaneously be¬ing enjo-
yed by, has grown tremendously and has blazed a track record of fulfilling its obligation and
commitment both the customers and the community. We would like to be on the level where we
should be. Hav¬ing confidence in the organization, we aim high. The teamwork that has been
developed through the years of hard work has reaped a harvest of opportunities and wealth.
We will continue to improve and develop new concepts both in management and technology.
Sky view Architecture &Engineering Consultancy Plc. carried out many proj¬ect by forming a
dedicated project team. Each team is headed by a se¬nior design engineer and draftsmen
enough to complete the project in schedule. Design teams are dynamically managed to accom-
modate necessary and fluctuating workload and tight schedules.
ny

3
COMPANY ADDRESS

4
Country: Ethiopia
Location:Addis Ababa, germen square to hanamaryam,
yetebaberut.
Project: new hope Apartment building
Area: 1640 m2
Total area: 15,000 m2

5
 Country: Ethiopia
Location:Addis Ababa, lafto moll
Owner:afrovill realest atomunirsiraj
Project: Afrovill diplomatic apartment building
Area: 4800m2
Total area: 15,000 m2
G+16, 60 house holed, 30 4 bed and 30 3 bed room, 2 and 3 bed
room typology, 15-16 pent house, 3B, 1 house holed 360 m2,

Project:alqelem school
Location: Addis Ababa, on the rood of awoliya to askonearby
kawojeje factory
Plot area:420 M2 No. of flats per floor: G+4, two Block A and
B, kg – primary school, 36 class room, for in one play ground.
6
Country: Ethiopia
Project: luxury apartments
Location within Country: addisababa,
Design: G+7 RESIDENT, two house holed, per floor
2 Bed and 3 bed, 1B, Ground and 1st floor town house, Recep-
tion
Area: 326m2

Country: Ethiopia
Location:Addis Ababa, kasanchs to urael in to 100m
Name of Client: Exotica apartment
Project: mixed use building

The project 3B+G+19 1st -4th shops, 5th services,> 6th

are apartment typology 1,2,3,bed room and 4 house
holed per floor.
Area: 960 m2
Total area: 1000 m2

7
1.4. Main product and Service
Sky View specializes in the following services for all sorts of buildings; Architecture, Engineer-
ing Design/ structural, Electrical, Sanitary and Mechanical design), Estimating, Contract Docu-
mentation Tender document preparation and Feasibility studies covering all engineering disci-
pline.
AREAS OF OPERATION

Architecture conceptual, Preliminary and final drawings preparation.

Urban Planning and Urban Design works.
Topography survey Landscape design works.
Construction Management/ Site Supervision
Animation renders
Industrial facilities design, supervision.
Preparation and implementation of quality/safety plans .
Topography survey
Urban planning and Urban Design works
Landscape design
Interior design
Building design( Architectural, structural, Electrical, Sanitary and Mechanical design)
Specification and Tender document preparation of Engineer’s cost estimate
Contract administration and Construction supervision
Quality Control

1.5. Main Consumer of the Company

The company has history of involving in different types of construction for different types of
customers. The main customers include governmental organizations, non-governmental orga-
nizations, trade organization and individual clients. The company has built master plan for
universities, commercial Buildings, store Buildings for the industries & Import & Export compa-
nies, Apartments such as condominiums and office for various organizations etc
.
1.6.International experience

Sky View consulting architects and engineers is in close contact with Arab and Turkish based
consulting engineering and Architecture firms and worked with them in varies forms.

8
CHAPTER TWO
2. MY OVERALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCES

A, How I get in to the company: I interred to the company by the means of asking through
application to the company to inter for internship practices giving them letter written by my
university in 11/11/2011then ARCHTECT ABDULIKERIM give me confirmation paper and
attend to the company in05\01 2012.
2.1. In which section of the company I have been working on

Any consultancy office is supposed to accumulate mainly of three organs involved in the
consultancy system. These are the client, consultancy and the contractor. Each section has its
own task and activity for which they are expected to perform. Thus, the architect has assigned
me to work in design competitions, concept development, facade design and participating in
design presentation and site supervision throughout my internship period

2.2. Work piece or task I have been executing

Actually, I assigned from the company to work with consultants but consultation is not easy
task to perform especially for students because it needs experienced and further specialized
person in the field but I didn’t get it as difficult task to do because of it is parallel to what we
learned in the class. the consultant main work at the site is controlling time, cost, quality and
safety of workers so those work needs inspection, test conducting and taking different mea-
sures when the contractor don‘t execute it properly. Their main work is to advice and provides a
better idea how the project will finish with a minimum cost, time and quality.
Generally, I have been working in the two sections as mentioned above. I classify the work in to
two office work and site works, mostly the work I have been executing on the site is supervising
the work as a site engineer and on the office, is creating architectural design as an architect.
I spent an interesting working time at office with many professionals. At Most of the time I was
working in office designing buildings and to evaluate different documents with the consultants.
In addition to this I have got the chance to work with the client or customers to discuss their
satisfactions on the design

.2.2.1OFFICE WORK
In my 21 week period I experience Office works that are worked mostly at the site this includes
some tasks performed by GIS expert, Architects and Urban Planners. Such as:
Consulting designs
Rectify designs
Give information to the client

And there is also other tasks like Reading and interpreting drawings. Drawings are the means
by which the designer conveys the physical, quantitative, and visual description of the project
to the contractor. The drawings are a two-dimensional representation of the physical structure
that meets the objectives of the owner. They are also known as plans or blue prints.

9
IN THE SITE THERE ARE 4 TYPES OF DRAWING;

1.Architectural drawing
2.Structural drawing
3.Sanitary drawing
4.Electrical installation drawing

These drawings are the main language between the architect, designer and any worker at the
site or office to build the model in position as specified by the designer and the client, based on
the agreement. Thus to work as an engineer in the construction site it is mandatory knowing
drawings and any other specification. Drawings are the most common means of communica-
tion for all types and sizes of project. Thus I understand each drawing and knew every symbol
abbreviation for every section and I was able to communicate with different workers using it.
I spent an interesting working time at office with many professionals. At Most of the time I was
working in office designing buildings and to evaluate different documents with the consultants.
In addition to this I have got the chance to work with the client or customers to discuss their
satisfactions on the design
.
2.2.2. Site work

The site work was the very important task for me because the internship main objective lies
over it and I have gain many knowledge from the site like communication skill, handling work-
ers, management skill etc. within four month I have the ability to see many works from the
project.
The work task I have been executing at site is:
• Supervising of works
• Inspecting the worked element and how they work
• Checking the work based on the given check list
• Testing materials

I spent about one month in the site with civil engineers doing supervisions and some other
works. The main work at the site is controlling time, cost and quality so those work needs
inspection, test conducting and taking different measures. I got I good knowledge on how to
approve designs and how to give information to the client and etc ..

2.3. Procedure I have been using while I perform my work task

In the office I tried to understand the working procedure so I contacted with the architect, civil
engineer and the draftsman to get better knowledge about the office work. Here I am dealing in
working for the preparations of design presentations for design competitions and studying the
process of architectural design. In this section the architect plays a big role to show me what
have to be done.

10
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

The first and the biggest challenge that I had faced was gating familiar with the work environ-
ment and how I can manage to work the tasks given to me in this environment. Therefore
being introduced to the staff or getting brief introduction to the work tasks was not sufficient at
all for me.Thus, I decided to have a good contact with the staff members that I will be able to
get any assistance. This helped me to have a clear understanding of every work task that I
had and how it used to be done in the office before. With this manner, I was able to work well.

The next big thing that I faced was, to get in line with the offices routine. This includes the
work flow and all the work procedures in the office. What comes before what, and which will
come next, then, and final what? Even if this is different from one task to another, there are
different ways for every task. So getting in line was a bit difficult. But I manage to face it here
also by increasing my team work effort so that I can get a lot of input on everything.

The others are not much to be called as a challenge, but had given me a bit of discomfort on
my work. These are first to develop the work ethic of the firm. This can be described as first to
get along with the time restriction, this is due to the reason that the firm has a tight policy on
work hours and those should be respected well. if considered as a challenge, will be no know-
ing the priorities that was supposed to be given for everything. This is not only on the work
flow but also regarding to time and type of the task.

For these and other similar problems I had, the method that I choose was first to understand
their level of importance and why it was important to follow these procedures and understand
why one thing was chosen before the other and its importance. But I was able to know all this
through time, from the assistance I got

rom the team. As a conclusion, it is not possible for one to say there is no challenge in a work.
But in order to fit in the process we must be willing to have the work spirit that is in the working
environment.

Softwares Applications use

Some of the software’s that I have been using include:-
40
AUTOCAD 2018 and 2007 80

50
AUTODESK REVIT 2018 90

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 45
90

ADOBE ILLUSTRATER 60
90
20
LUMIN 8 90

10
3D MAX 45

11
CAHPTER 3
3. PROJECT WORKED OUT
The main technical duties that we took during in our internship session are
mainly villa residence,mixed use,apartment and mesgid projects.
So, these projects will be done daily according to the work flow . Which means
this project will take a week even sometimes a month.
I spent the time with architects and civils, this has been a great experience for
me because I gate to see both the site and office experience.
So generally, the jobs that I Was assigned in all over the internship time are
mainly on
1.Site work
2.Design ( office work)

SITE WORK

The site work was the very important task for me because I have gain many knowledge from
the site like communication skill, handling workers, management skill etc. within the one and
half month up thire I have the ability to see many works from the project.
The work task I have been executing at site is:
Supervising of works
- Inspecting the worked element and how they work
- Checking the work based on the given check list
- Testing materials

The site work in general overlay over the supervision part so I have been working as supervi-
sor based on the given check list that our company give to us. Every work must be checked
wither it is executed based on the methodology that the contractor provides to the consultant
or not. If not the contractor must report the case why they didn‘t execute upon it.

The site work I have been perform was controlling how the work is going on and supervising
the work based on the given check list which was given to us from the office. The checklist for
site supervisors is issued in order to ensure a uniform system of supervision of building con-
struction projects and as a result ensure the quality of construction. In the checklist the respon-
sibilities, liabilities and limitations of the supervisor are briefly mentioned in the steps to the
general terms.

Details of construction are specified in the drawings, technical specifications and in the general
and special conditions of the contract. The duty of mine was to ensure that the construction
works are executed in accordance with the contract requirement
Any structure below the ground floor slab level including the basement, retaining walls, ground
slab, grade beam, and foundation is called a substructure. In most of the cases, substructure
work can be categorized as earthwork, concrete work and masonry work. I have seen that how
the excavation was done, concrete pouring, masonry work and back filling.

12
Super structure is the part of a building which extend above the grade beam or everything
above the sub structure includes slab (1st floor slab), column, walls, roof etc. the purpose of
the super structure is to enclose and divide space as well as spread load safely in to the sub
structure

Setting out:- A building is set out in order to clearly define the outline of the excavation and
the center line of the walls, so that construction can be carried out exactly according to the
plan. The basic coordinates of each building will be set in position in accordance to the given
bench mark.

Excavation :- Excavation is the first step of construction. It refers to the process of removing
soil or rock from its original location, typically in preparation for constructing foundations, base-
ments, and underground utility lines and for grading of the ground surface.
Site clearance:- After receiving the approval of the surveying data, using the intended machin-
eries the top soil excavation will be started. The organic top soil found on the upper layer to an
average thickness of 20cm will be removed separately from the bulk excavation work.

Bulk excavation:- Bulk excavation was carried out after the removal of the top soil is execut-
ed. 150cm off set from each side of the site will be extended to the outer side and the work is
performed for the intended average depth, which is 80cm from the reduced ground level.
Pit and trench excavation :- Naturally this activity follows the bulk excavation. Accordingly,
before going into the direct excavation work, the site was organized in a manner that neces-
sary profiles are put in position. Appropriate site lay out was made and all the positions of the
pit excavation in their exact and right place was located. The settings out of these essential
structural bases seek the approval of the Resident Engineer. The pit excavation works was
started from the center and proceed in either direction, along the length of the specific site.

Fill :- Fill work will follow the erection of foundation column. Bulk, pit and trench excavations
need to be back filled with a better soil type, which will have better compaction character and
would bring the minimum required proctor density. In order to attain the minimum standard as
mentioned on the Bill of Quantity.

Masonry work:- masonry are works that are

executed by laying building material units
such as stone, brick and HCB of specified
dimension by providing a binding material
such as mortar. I got the opportunity to see
masonry work under the grade beam on the
periphery of the building.

13
Concert form work:- As fresh concrete is in plastic state when it is placed for construction
purpose so, it becomes necessary to provide some temporary structure to confine and support
the concrete till it gains sufficient strength for self-supporting. This temporary structure is called
form work. Concrete formwork serves as a mold to produce concrete elements having a
desired size and configuration. It is usually erected for this purpose and then removed after the
concrete has cured to a satisfactory strength.

14
 CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN PROCESS

Before starting construction we have to follow some stapes.we have to have construc-
tion permission paper and dispanding permission paper{ye gnbata fkad ena mafresha fkad}.
This papers are given by the subcity if it is up to G+5 and by maekel if it is more than G+5.
To get construction permission paper{yegnbata fkad} we have to fulfill;
Soil taste
Insurance
Electrical report
Sanitary report
Soil layout
Road arrangement
Blue prints on A3.

To give the dispanding permission paper{yemafresha fkad}they consider;

If there are phone cables or not
If there is a water supply pipe or not
If there is no septic tank or not
If there is any governmental services or not.

Store;It is mandatory to have store before the construction begins inorder to put items .
It have to be made of masonry not from timber and iron sheets.

Then the construction begins

1/SITE HANDOVER{yewesen lay chikal}

It is used to identify the boundaries of the site.

2/ELEVATION.
If there is basement this part is used to identify how much does the ground level
and other floors are elevated.

3/SITE CLEARANCE
Removing bushes,shrubs and other things in 20cm thickness on the site.
If it is more than 20cm it is called excavation
4/MODINI
Done at the exact ground floor level from the elevation.
They are woods to be build to tauten .
They are used
To specify the ground level.
To know column centerline.
Placed 1m offset from the boundary.
Kwami and weraj woods are important to support the modini.

15
It have to meet the the ground level ,we can cross
check by tieing a bottle of water and adjust the level
up to the water becomes equaly leveled at the bottle.

5/EXCAVATION
It is divided to three
A/Bulk excavation
Is done in volume
Excavated in slope to prevent the sliding of neighbor lands.
B.Pit excavation
it is excavated for the columns.
We can get each centerpoint of the pad by using a material called tumbi.
50cm freespace is needed for the formwork.
Formwork{plywood} have to be done before pouring the concrete.
The stirups or stffas are 8cm or 10cm.
DRAWBACKS include
Formworks maybe incorrect so to cross check we use diagonal distances,

If A≠B the formwork is incorrect

We can check by droping the tumbi from the intersection of the ropes if it doesn’t meet the
center of the column it have to be disbanded and rebuilt.

Concrete work
The ratio varies in the amount of cement.
C25=1:4:7{cement,sand,aggregate}
C30=2:4:7
C40=3:4:7

16
 Strength increases when the amount of cement increase.
Then it have to be vibrated to evenly distribute the concrete.It have to be well vibrated
because the column is vertical.
•Removing the soil from the site is called—cartaway.
•Getting the center of the column is called Gedella.
•After the formwork is done the concrete is fiiled and after this step if it shows morethan
5cm gap it have to be reworked,

C/Trench
•It is excavation for the beam .
•We excavate the place where the beam lays.
•25cm free space is needed for the form work.
•Then after doing the formwork we pour the concrete up to the decided ground level.
•The main difference between column and beam is;
Shear force˂bending moment=column
shearforce˃bending moment=beam.
Minimum dimendion of staf iron for column =16
Minimum dimension of staf iron for beam=14
Less than this dimensions it can not be build

6/BACKFILL
Stone+soil
Redsoil+stone=best
Blacksoil=is not recommended
In supportive structures if it is lessthan 2m stone can be filled but if it is greaterthan
or equal to 3m shearwall is built.
7/HARDCORE
•Stone filling.

8/FLOOR SLAB
First mest is done.
It covers 30%of construction cost.
Lower mesh is done like; 2/3
; the upper mesh is done 1/3 from
Right and 1/3 from the left.
If there is water on the slab it is means that it
is not done correctly.it indicates that the floor level
is incorrect.
• If there is water on the slab it is means that it is not done correctly.it indicates that the floor
level is incorrect

17
9/WATERPROOF

•We use membrane if there is more water on the site

•We use anoint if there is no more water on the site.

10/SUPERSTRUCTURE.
•Slab will get its strength in 27 days.
•If there is facilitating chemical used it can get its strength in 7days.
•In super structure it contains walls, plastering, roof etc..
Recommended column sizes
•G+3=40×50,40×60 70×50
•Shearwall=30,60
•G+0=20×20
70cm spacing
The use of shear wall is;
•Better than column in covering maximum span distance
•Aesthetically good than columns .etc.…
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS.
It contains
•Socket board
•TV light
•Alarm switch
•Telecom cctv {camera,dish}

A/ Main distribution board

•For small houses like G+0,G+1.
•Supplied from ethio electric supply.
•Its 220V.
•Advisable to place it under staircases or store
•It is presented in red color.
•It is symbolized like

B/SUBDISTRIBUTION BOARD.
•For highrise buildings
•1 is provided for each floors
•Parallel or vertical to the MDB.

Lights include
Fluorescent 60W Wall mounted 18W

Ceiling mounted 60W Crystal light 60W

Chandler lights 60W Spot lights 18W

Fence lights 120W Outside street lights, 18W

•1rope can connect up to 12lights not more than tha

18
 Switch
Single –contains a single switch.and symbolized like .
Double—contains two switches.and symbolized like .
Intermediate—is a type of switch which can be turned on at one place usualy next to
door and turned off at other side,it is used usually in bedrooms.,and it is symbolized like .
A switch is placed 1m above the ground and 20cm from the door.
TV
Have to come from the main distribution board.
Symbolized like .

Alarm –is placed usually in kitchens.

SANITORY SYSTEM
Water supply
Sewarage
Fire alarm
In water supply—it contains cold water,hot water ,water tank
Manhole is essential specially in bending elbows.60×60.
In seweragw system –it includes kitchens,bathroom and rain drain ,wastes from these
have to be connected with the septic tank.
Water proof is mandatory.

19
TIPS TO KNOW ABOUT DIFFERENT ROOMS
•Living room
Range of sofa set 2.70-1.50 --4-1.70
Mejlis 4-4
Dining table—2.70-1.50{20cm for spacing+20cm for passage}
By considering these minimum living dining space =4m-7m
In windows it is necessary to leave 20cm at the right side and left side rather that
mking it fully glazed

20cm 20cm

The importance of this space is

To get a socket outlet space.
For fixing curtain supports
For lintels
To place frames
For blocks interlocking

•KITCHENS
Cabinet—60cm
Not advisable to put stove and fridge side by side
Windows should be elevated 90cm above the ground level
Door—advisable to place it opposite to the window for cross ventilation.
Fridge--60×60
40cm is a must after the fridge to open the door.
Sink—is placed between the stove and fridge.
By considering this minimum dimension of kitchen—2.80×2.80
•BATHROOM
Advisable if it is rectangular form.
10cm space from the wall is important to place a p-trap which is used to avoid bad
smell.
The sink pipe and the wc pipe have to be separated inorder avoid bad smell.
10cm sound{acoustic}proof for the on the duct to avoid sound from penetrating to
other rooms and floors.
10
In apartments
Advisable to use H- type if it is square. 90
Z –type if it is rectangular.
90

90

20
Design:
This job includes active participation in any design activities like TOR revision, Information
Gathering, Concept Development, Form Development, Schemat¬ic Design and Preliminary
Design.

Owner: - Oromia Housing and urban development

Location: - Oromia, sendafaand adama
Area: - 140 m2
G+2 G+1 G+0
Participation:-design, drafting, 3d modeling and rendering

21
Owner: - Oromia Housing and urban develop-
ment
Location: - Oromia, sendafaand adama
Area: - 140 m2
G+2 G+1 G+0
Participation:-design, drafting, 3d
modeling and rendering

22
 Owner: - Neja Lelamo
Building typology: - (mixed use)
Location: - Ethiopia Hossana
Area:- 200m2
14 gust house, shops ,bank ,café
Participation: - design, 3d modeling and rendering
23
Owner: - New hope real estate
Building typology: - (mixed use)
Location: - Addis Ababa, germen square in front of future generation
school
Area: - 1045m2
Participation: - , 3d modeling and rendering

24
Owner: - Tilaye Yebgeta
Building typology: - villa
Location: - Addis Ababa, kolfe keranyo ,
atena tera, surab fabrica
Area: - 173m2
Participation: - , design, drafting,
3d modeling and rendering

25
Owner -: Walelgn
Building typology: apartment
Location: - Addis Ababa
Participation: - 3d modeling and rendering

26
Owner: - Sofoniyas Demisse
Building typology: -Villa
Location: - Addis Abeba, Jemo
Participation: - 3d modeling and rendering

27
Owner: - Haj Umer Ail
Building typology: -mosque
Location: - Ethiopia , Jijga
Participation: - 3d modeling and rendering

28
Owner: - Aymelel
Building typology: - apartment one bedroom
Location: - Addis Ababa, Amanule
Participation: - interior 3d modeling and rendering

29
Owner: - surur
Building typology: - villa interior
Location: - Addis Ababa,betel
Participation: - interior 3d modeling and rendering

30
Owner: - surur
Building typology: - villa interior
Location: - Addis Ababa,betel
Participation: - interior 3d modeling and rendering

31
Owner: - surur
Building typology: - villa interior
Location: - Addis Ababa,betel
Participation: - interior 3d modeling and rendering

32
Owner: - surur
Building typology: - villa interior
Location: - Addis Ababa,betel
Participation: - interior 3d modeling and rendering

33
Owner: - Ethiopia Muluwengel church
azer branch
Building typology: -church
Location: - Ethiopia, gurage
Participation: - 3d modeling and
rendering

34
35
Owner: - New hope real estate
Building typology: - (mixed use)
Shop, beauty salon, cafe and restaurant, office
and super market
Location: - Addis Ababa, germen square in front of future
generation school
Area: - 1045m2
Participation: - , design, drafting, 3d modeling and
rendering

36
CHAPTER 4
OVERALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

Internship program is a method of letting the students to assume themselves as a potentially

responsible workman for a particular work by assigning them to actively participating construction
as well as consulting companies. And such trends help us to have valuable work experience.
Internship programs are also potentially valuable to a company. Unfortunately, some companies
continue to regard interns as little more than a free source of labor to catch up on filing and other
tedious office tasks. But many business owners and managers realize that internship programs
can provide them with an early opportunity to gauge the talents of a new generation of workers
and, in many cases, sell themselves as a quality place for students to begin their careers after
they graduate.

In this internship that means within these four months I can observe what the outside construc-
tion world looks like more than I know when I were at school. When we were at the school we
learned or take many theoretical lessons even difficult to understand theoretically. So in this
internship I get good opportunity to solve these difficulties. Because those things which were
theoretically difficult to understand, were not hard to understand when we learned practically.
The overall benefits of the intern ship are not limited to the practical skill only. I would like to
group the overall benefits in terms of different categories such as:-

In terms of improving our practical skill

In terms of upgrading our theoretical knowledge
In terms of improving our interpersonal communication skill
In terms of improving our team playing skill
In terms of improving our leadership skill
In terms of understanding about work ethics related issues
In terms of entrepreneurship skill

Improving our Practical skill

By working in such a big design company we have improved our practical skill on many
sec¬tors of work in the office. Some of the practical skills I have improved in the internship
program are:

Software Awareness
Mostly in the office we use the latest and updated software, Like Revit Architecture 2017,
AutoCAD 2018, ArchiCAD 20, Artlantis 6, Adobe Photoshop CC, Adobe Illustrator CC, Adobe
InDesign CC, Adobe After Effect, Sketch up. As a result of this I learn many new software’s, and
more familiar with the one I use before.

37
 Functional design Rendering 3d visualization Drafting

Oromiya housing and urban planning 100

100
80
75

Neja lelamo (mixed use) 75

80

90
70

New hope real-estate (3d) 5

90
80

100
Tiaye yebegeta (villa) 100
80
70

Sofiniyas demise (mixed-use use) 100

100
80
60

Walelgn (apartment) 5
90
90
5

Haji umar ali 5

90
100

5
Aymelel (interior) 90
100

5
Surur (interior) 100
100
5

100
100
New hope real estate 100
70

38
PRESENTATION SKILLS
Working with many projects I learned and greatly de¬velop different types of pre-senta-
tion approaches.

DESIGN PROCES
Working with many projects I learned and greatly de¬velop different types of pre-sentation
approaches.

MATARIALS
Working with many design helps us to increasing our building material knowledge.

Design principles
There are two basic design principles. These are
•FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION
•FUNCTION FOLLOWS FORM
In form follows function first we do the form of the building then the function follows
I have learned that there are buildings in which this design process have to be imple-
mented like;
Public park{facility}
Museum
Full office building
Moles
Stadiums etc…
They follows this principles because these buildings have to be more iconic, they have
to attract people to get in and see what is displays inside because they are more historical and
educable

Public parks; they have to express the main feature of the surrounding community to
make it more pleasant.

Museums; they have to express the historic background of the society because it
displays historical items etc…

In function follows form first we do the function or more focus on the function then the 3d
form .We develop the form according to the plans of the function. Architects include—
From my internship experience these methods are implemented in buildings like
Apartment
Residence
Supermarkets
Hospitals
Schools etc…

39
THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

Thanks to this program I got the chance to apply my theoretical knowledge in the real design
world. And this builds my confidence in theoretical knowledge. In order to illustrate this I would
like to list some of them

Design urban area related with architecture

Design by taking different historical style
Design by local material by appropriate technology
Design by making easily for structural design, light design, and so on.

As we know Almost all the courses we took were focused on theoretical part, thanks to this
internship program; I am now able to upgrade my theoretical knowledge by practice. So I can
say that our knowledge is upgraded by the practical things we have seen at the site.

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SKILL

Interpersonal skills include not only how we communicate with others, but also our
confidence, and our ability to listen and understand. Problem solving, decision making and
per¬sonal stress management are also considered interpersonal skills.

At the beginning of the Internship program I was very afraid to approach the employees
in the office; my contact was only with the supervisor and with the General Man¬ager. But as
time goes I improve my interpersonal communication skill.

In the last four months I have been interacting with many company workers who have
different work behavior and experience, from this I have got an understanding on how to
approach and talk peoples so that smooth commu¬nication can be held between each other.
From our internship experience we can say that inter¬personal communication is crucial to
efficiently finish any design projects, which involves large number of man¬power in different
section of work. That is there should be efficient communication between all work crews like
Drafts¬man, Quantity Surveyor, Structural Engineer, Electrical Engi¬neer, Sanitary Engineer,
Mechanical Engineer, and so on.

TEAM PLAYING SKILLS LEADERSHIP SKILLS AND WORK ETHICS

UNDERSTANDING
At times, when different individuals come
together to work for common goals of the During the program, I learned that punctuality
company for increasing productivity, The is a very important ethics. Being punctual
most important point is just reaching an means works are being done regularly and
agreement from different points on the work effectively. I think that it is why they start
to be done. There are some key points which using a time keeper for every worker on the
describe what team playing skill; some of enterprise. In addition I have come to under-
them are below relating to internship. By stood that being sociable with the colleagues
dealing some point of work and realizing an creates a very good working atmosphere and
idea come to the common point like in design thus enhancing productivity. And in my case I
ideas and some other points wasn’t working on any design by my own so I

40
Work Ethics
ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILL
In the internship program I have understood
on the work ethics that all workers should I have developed my entrepreneur ship skills
fol¬low. Some of the work ethics that all the while working with fellow colleagues like
employees should follow are design processes and techniques’, dealing
Punctuality with clients, handing business issues and
Reliability other matters that would help me in my future
Accountability career. Even if I wasn’t working all of them I
Loyalty have the idea how to work and handle them I
and responsibility won’t be new in the future.

41
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSION

SKY VIEW CONSULTANT, ARCHITECTES AND ENGENNERING is a company which

provides construction and architectural related consulting service in Ethiopia in general and that
of Addis Ababa in particular. The company is currently engaged on the construction of stadi-
ums, administration buildings, dormitories, residential buildings (Apartments) and many more.
In addition, it has acquired several sites within the inner city itself for construction of mixed use
buildings.
Strength is its financial capacity, management competence & organizational structure
which are the crucial inputs for on time delivery. “Delivery on time is our moral obligation” The
company has set new standards of professionalism with its transparent transaction, ethical
dealings and time delivery. Strategic location excellent design and quality construction are the
hallmark of each and every project of the company.
So this company create for me good environment to have
Have good communication with other organization worker
Have Flexible knowledge in architectural office as well as in site work
Have good creativities, problem solving ideas
Have good technical knowledge about architecture
Have good relationship to office worker
Have ability in individual & team work
I just want to say the experience had been great, that I grasped a lot of understanding about
architecture at all. I am thankful for Company and the employees for their help and support. As
I have been working and learning as a site and office engineer, I have acquired a lot of knowl-
edge I would apply in the future. The internship program alleviates the problems of new gradu-
ate students that may face after their graduates and makes so good for the new curriculum to
expose students to real world before the candidates complete their courses.

Even though there was a gap between the things which we know in the class and with the
outside environment, we got practical work experiences. Some of the benefits the internship
offered to me include;

Allow me to both make and develop professional contacts, for my future job search.
Assist me in developing greater understanding of my own strength and weakness,
The company’s Work flow
Upgrade my theoretical knowledge at school
have knowledge in software
Leadership skill
Knowing the local construction terms
Knowing Working standards
Work ethics
Team playing skills

42
 During the internship we also develop and enhance employability skills. Because this time,
we feel like we are part of the organization and feel more to increase our productivity hence,
gain a greater sense of responsibility and personal direction.

It assists me in moving toward my career goals by combining what we had learned

from school, practical and supervised work experience; it thus explained the necessity of every
student to undergo this process.

Latest design software is used resulting in both time and labor saving.
The quality of work is fairly good. Tasks are performed responsibly and carefully. Quality
of works is checked routinely. In addition, a supervisor checks and advises on tasks which is
necessary to keep the quality of the work.

The other strong asset of the company is its ability to participate the labors on their work
all the time. I had really got a great experience from this.
All in all, the company is doing a great job. Relative to other construction sites, the progress of
the construction is fast especially on the building part.

43
RECOMMENDATIONS

In the construction process, there are always defects and problems that we come
across. There might be defects in the design of space, conflict with contracture, discussion with
client or owner, defect on construction materials, even problems from the way of construction
and so many other defects. The difference lies in how we treat these defects and problems.
My recommendation for the company is if they have to accept internship students they
have to be hundred percent sure about it. They accept us because they don’t want to pay for
model makers. If they accept us they have to teach us what we have to know. And if they don’t
have any place it’s not good to accept many students. Beside this it was a pleasure to work in
firm office in the country.
Internship provides aspiring architects an essential, hands-on opportunity to experi-
ence the actual practice of architecture. With accredited architectural education serving as the
foundation, internship provides a structured environment where theory and precedent can be
applied to actual projects, and knowledge of materials and systems is transformed into thought-
ful construction details. The findings of the Practice Analysis will be used to ensure the intern-
ship experience is viewed by educators, interns, supervisors, and the profession as a valuable
step in the development of the next generation of practitioners.

44
References:

Sky view consulting architects and engineers PLC

Company profile, and
Other documents

45