Detailed Micro – Lesson Plan

Using 4A’s Approach

In Carpenter, Metalwork and Mason

I. Objectives
At the end of the session, all the Grade-7 students are expected to perform the
following task with 75% level of proficiency:

A. Define what is chisel in carpenter, metalwork and mason

B. Identify the different types and uses of chisel in carpenter, metalwork and
mason
C. Demonstrate the importance of chisel in carpenter, metalwork and mason
D. Recite the different uses of chisel in carpenter, metalwork and mason

II. Subject Content:

A. Topic : Carpenter, Metalwork and Mason
B. Reference: https://www.teccarbidetools.com/what-are-the-uses-of-chisels-
in-different-industries/
https://www.homestratosphere.com/types-of-chisels/
C. Materials: PowerPoint Presentation

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Pupil’s Activity

A. Classroom Routine
1. Opening Prayer
- Before we start, let us all stand Students will lead the prayer
for the prayer. Will you please
lead the prayer?
2. Greetings
Good Morning/Afternoon Sir
- Good morning/afternoon class! It’s Fine!
- How's your day? Thank you Sir
- You may take your seats
3. Checking the Attendance
Yes Sir/None Sir
- Is there any absent?
4. Review
- Alright, do you still remember
the topic being discussed last No Sir /Yes, Sir
meeting?
 - Okay, that’s good to know. So,
before we start, let us first have
a recapitulation.
- The topic being discussed last
- What was the last topic being meeting is the different types
discussed? Anyone from the and uses of Saws.
class?

- It's good to know that some of

you can still remember the topic
last meeting.
B. Motivation
- (The teacher will present
pictures that represent different
types of chisel in carpenter,
metalwork and mason.)

- Class, are you familiar with

- Yes, sir! / No, sir!
these tools?

- Very good!

- It is good to know that some of

you are already familiar with
these tools. And for some of you
who are not yet familiar. No
worries because we will be
having an activity.

- Are you ready?

- Yes, sir!
C. Activity
- For now, I prepared an
interesting game! I call it "Word
Puzzle Game!"

- Group yourselves into two.

- All you have to do is to arrange

the scrambled words presented
in the PowerPoint presentation.
You have to help each other by
group.

- As you can see, you are

provided with band paper and
 marker.

- When I present the puzzle word

in front. You will write
immediately the answer in a
piece of band paper. By the
count of five (5) you have to
raise your respective answers.

- For those group who got most

of the correct answers are the
winner for today’s activity and
they will be given reward.

- We will start now!

D. Analysis
- Class, based on the activity that
we had conducted this - Different types of chisel in
afternoon, what do you think is carpenter, metalwork and
our main topic for today? mason

- What is your idea about chisel? - Chisel is usually used in

woodworking, metal works and
mason. It is used to carve,
shape and sharpen the
materials.
- Okay good!

E. Abstraction
- What is chisel?
- A chisel is a cutting tool that is
widely used in fields such as
carpentry, masonry and other
types of construction works.
These tools are used to shape,
carve, and sharpen materials
like wood, cement, bricks,
stone, and metal.
- The chisel tool comes with a
characteristic cutting edge blade
on one end and a handle on the
 other end. The handle is
typically made of wood, plastic
or metal, and is struck by a
mallet in order to cut the
material.
- The word “chisel” is believed to
have come either from the Latin
word “seco,” which means “I
cut” or the French word
“ciseau,” which means
“scissors.”

TYPES OF CHISELS

- Chisels can range from small

handheld tools that can be used
to work tiny details to large tools
used to remove sections of
wood and stone. In
woodcarving, workers start
using large chisel tools and
make their way down to smaller
chisel tools for more fine
detailing.

1. Firmer Chisel - The term “firmer

chisel” was used to refer to chisels
made of hard substances, like solid
steel. These tools are used in heavy-
duty woodwork and have a blade with
a rectangular cross-section, as well as
hardwood handles.

Firmer chisels are one of the oldest

chisel models and therefore are
considered quite distinctive as well as
truly extraordinary. This type of chisel
is used to create incredibly sharp 90-
degree corners.

2. Bevel Edge Chisel-Neither too long

nor too short, the bevel edge chisel is
the most common types of chisel tool
used in the carpentry industry. As their
name indicates, these chisel tools
have a beveled side and straight edge.
The beveled edge and straight edge of
a bevel edge chisel allows them
maximum access to dovetail joints.
Some bevel edge chisels are hooped
to prevent splitting and to strengthen
the handle, but this isn’t strictly
necessary.

3. Bench Chisel- Bench chisels are

shorter than bevel edge chisels and
are usually fitted with a tang or socket
that features a hoop at the top. A
bench chisel usually has a five-inch
blade and a five-inch handle. This type
of chisel is the go-to choice for
furniture- and cabinet-makers. Bench
chisels are also ideal for chopping,
trimming, paring, and joinery in
carpentry.

4. Masonry Chisel-Although there are

several different kinds of chisels that
work with wood, there are some
chisels that are ideal to use with bricks,
mortar, stones and other hard
materials. One of these chisel types is
known as masonry chisel.

To use a masonry chisel, you must first

gently tap the blade on the brick or
stone surface in order to score it. The
reason you score the stone is that it
will snap off along the scored line as
you work. Masonry chisels are
designed to be used on bricks and
concrete blocks, as well as other types
of stone. With the provided teeth, they
can also work well with soft stone
types.

5. Mortise Chisel- The mortise chisel

is so named because it is primarily
used to cut mortise joints. These
chisels are comprised of a heavy blade
that is thicker than it is wide. The blade
of a mortise chisel consists of huge
forged bolsters, and it has a hardwood
handle that can withstand much
pressure and repeated heavy striking.

Mortise chisels are usually capped, or

have steel hoops on their handle.
These additions help the mortise chisel
withstand the blows of a mallet. The
edge of a mortise chisel is typically cut
to an angle between 30 and 40
degrees.

This type of chisel is much more

durable than bench chisels, which do
not have the thickness, strength, or
length to lever out wood or stone. This
durability also means that a mortise
chisel can withstand the repeated
blows of a mallet.

6. Sash Mortise Chisel- Sash mortise

chisels are lighter versions of the
heavier duty mortise chisels, so they
are relatively thinner than a mortise
chisel is. These chisels are designed
for working on shallow mortises found
in muntins or mullions of windows. If
you drill out the waste while mortising,
these chisels can work well even for
deep mortises.

7. Paring Chisel- Paring chisels are

long, thin, and flexible chisels often
with beveled sides. The cutting edge of
the blade of a paring chisel is
sharpened to 15 to 20 degrees to
enable smooth cutting.

Paring chisels are designed to be

moved by hand and should never be
hit with a mallet, since they are
delicate instruments designed for more
fine work. Paring chisels also have a
long handle that is attached to a tang
and allows the worker to exert
maximum control over the tool.

Paring chisels are a type of wood

chisel, which means that they are
preferred when shaving off thin slivers
of wood, which usually occurs when
fitting joints

8. Slick Chisel- Slick chisels are the

oversized version of paring chisels.
These chisels are made easily
recognizable due to their distinctive
baseball bat-shaped handle. This
handle shape offers the user a
comfortable grip. The blade of a slick
chisel is broader than that of paring
chisels and is rather straight, with a
cutting edge that is sharpened to wide
angles of about 20 to 25 degrees. Like
paring chisels, slick chisels are also
used to pare off thin pieces of wood
from woodwork.

9. Butt Chisel- Butt chisels are chisels

with an uniquely short blade. Butt
chisels are believed to have evolved
from firmer or bench chisels, that were
then reshaped and recut so
considerably that these chisels ended
up having blades of very few inches in
length. The blades on a butt chisel
come in both straight edge and bevel
edge varieties.

As their name indicates, butt chisels

are used to install butts and hinges.
Carpenters find these short
instruments so useful that their high
demand has led to an increase in
manufacturing of these hand tools.

10. Dovetail Chisel- As their name

indicates, dovetail chisels are
specifically designed to create
dovetails and to finish dovetail joints.
These hand tools feature a long blade
with beveled edges that have been
honed to a 20- to 30-degree angle.
Dovetail chisels are used to sharpen
the interlocking parts of a dovetail joint.
Since a dovetail chisel has a long and
thin blade, it can also be used to clean
out a joint.

11. Corner Chisel- Corner chisels are

comprised of a medium-length blade
with a V-shaped cross-section. This
chisel blade is increasingly popular
among carpenters. A corner chisel is
often used to make cabinets.

These hand tools are used for cutting

deep corners into mortises and
cleaning out square corners. Each
chisel face is sharpened using an oil
stone.

12. Japanese Chisel- Japanese

chisels, or “nomi”, are slightly thicker
than Western bench chisels. These
striking tools are made from two types
of metal. The middle part of a
Japanese chisel is made from
relatively soft steel, while the blade,
with its sharp cutting edge, is made of
much harder high-carbon steel,
typically on the Rockwell “C” 64 scale.

The blade of a Japanese chisel is

forged, and it can retain a high and
keen cutting edge for a long time.
These tools are hooped, with hollow
ground backs. Japanese chisels are
also extremely fine-grained, so using
one results in the creation of an
incredibly fine edge. Fine edges
prevent softwood from crumbling, and
resist the abrasion of exotic woods.
13. Skew Chisel- Skew chisels are
one of the most essential and
everyday tools used by woodworkers.
This type of chisel features a long,
bevel-edged blade with an angled tip.
The long point of the edge of the blade
is called the toe, and the shortest edge
of the blade is called the heel.

For self-taught and DIY woodworkers,

working with skew chisels can be quite
challenging, as this type of striking tool
requires the appropriate amount
of pressure and digging in order to
work properly. Skew chisels are used
for creating V-cuts, tapering, beading,
and smoothing.

14. Socket Chisel- A socket chisel is

comprised of a cone-shaped handle.
This handle sits on the metal socket of
the chisel. Because of their socket-
type handles, these chisels can
withstand many strikes by a mallet,
and do not crack under pressure.
Socket chisels can be used in heavy-
duty woodworking, due to the fact that
they can withstand the striking of a
mallet.

15. Framing Chisel- The blade of a

framing chisel is longer, wider, and
thicker than that of firmer chisels.
These chisels can have a straight edge
or a bevel edge blade. Because they
are designed to withstand repeated
mallet strikes, framing chisels also
come with additional features such as
sockets, loops, or capped handles.

The cutting edge of a framing chisel is

angled anywhere from 25 to 30
degrees. Framing chisels are
commonly used in boat building, post-
and-beam construction, and timber
framing.

16. Concrete Chisel- Concrete chisels

are different from most other chisels in
that they come with a sharp, pointed
tip instead of a sharp edge. These
chisels are used to break apart
concrete surfaces, rather than fork
sharpening or reshaping them. They
are ideal for removing small portions of
concrete from bigger objects, which a
jackhammer or a hammer drill may be
ineffective in doing.

17. Chisels with Cranked Handles-

Some chisels are designed with
cranked handles, which means that the
blade of the chisel is not in line with its
handle. This type of chisel design
allows the user to press the whole
blade on a surface without their fingers
coming between the surface and the
handle.

These types of chisel handles are

usually found on bench or paring
chisels. Cranked handle chisels are
ideal for shaving off wooden surfaces,
a practice that requires that the blade
be flat against the workpiece. A chisel
with this type of handle is ideal for
creating flush surfaces and for finishing
joints.

18. Bolster Chisel- The bolster chisel,

also known as the brick chisel, is used
to cut straight lines into bricks. Brick
chisels should not be used with any
other material, such as wood, stone or
metal, because they may lose their
sharpness if they are used with these
materials. Although bolster chisels may
not have as sharp an edge as some
other tools, they are still very useful in
creating sides and surfaces on brick
walls.

19. Cold Chisel- A cold chisel is a tool

made from reinforced tempered steel
that can cut any cold metal that is
softer than itself. The name of this
chisel comes from blacksmiths’ use of
it to cut metals while the metals are
cold, as opposed to when they are
forged or heated.

Cold chisels are used to cut off rivets

and rusted nuts, and were used
massively before machine or power
tools were invented. However, they are
used by metalworkers even today.

20. Cape Chisels- Cape chisels are a

variation of the cold chisel. These
chisels taper towards the bottom into a
narrow, arrowhead-like shape. Like
cold chisels, a cape chisel is used to
cut any metal that is softer than itself.
Cape chisels are ideal for cutting
keyways, creating horizontal groves,
and for fine detailing on metal surfaces
using their pointed tips.

21. Round Chisels- Round chisels

have a curved cutting edge that can
make narrow channels in a work
surface. These type of chisels also
come in a half-rounded style. Round
chisels are made of steel and come in
varying tip sizes, hexes, and lengths.
Round chisels work especially well
with metal frameworks.

22. Curved Chisels- There are two

types of curved chisels. One type
comes with a straight blade but a
curved gouge, and the other has a
curved blade with a straight gouge.
This U-shaped cutting edge is
available in varying depths and
degrees, but are all used in cutting
larger pieces of sticks while
woodworking, and for providing shapes
in complicated wooden structures.

23. Power Chisels - As the name

suggests, these chisels are powered
by an electrical grinder motor. Power
chisels do the same work as traditional
hand-held chisels do or as a hammer
does, but these power tools are
quicker and a lot more efficient than
those. There is no certain type of blade
you can use with power chisels.
Instead, you can choose from a variety
of options that come in sets of blades.

THE IMPORTANCE OF CHISEL IN

CARPENER, METALWORK AND
MASON

- Chisel tools are used in a wide

range of applications. Many
types of chisels have been
developed, and each is suited to
its intended use. Chisels are
made differently according to
their different types and uses.
The length or width of the blade;
the hardness and shape of the
blade, and the type of handles
and materials used, are some of
the various factors that can
make one type of a chisel
different from the other.

Bench chisels are shorter than

bevel edge chisels and are
usually fitted wBench chisels are
shorter than bevel edge chisels
and are usually fitted with a
tang or socket that features a
 hoop at the top. A bench chisel
usually has a five-inch blade
and a five-inch handle. This
type of chisel is the go-to choice
for furniture- and cabinet-
makers. Bench chisels are also
ideal for chopping, trimming,
paring, and joinery in
carpentry.ith a tang or socket
that features a hoop at the top.
A bench chisel usually has a
five-inch blade and a five-inch
handle. This type of chisel is the
go-to choice for furniture- and
cabinet-makers. Bench chisels
are also ideal for chopping,
trimming, paring, and joinery
F. Application

- To determine if you have - The class participates.

learned something from our
discussion, we will be having a
one on one “Recitation”
- I will present a picture of chisel
and all you have to do is to
recite its uses.

IV. Evaluation

To determine if you really learned from our lesson, I will give you a quiz. You
can answer this in a ¼ sheet of paper. I will give you 10 minutes to answer. Late
submission will not be accepted.
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Multiple Choice
1. Chisels made of hard substances, like solid steel. These tools are used in heavy-duty
woodwork and have a blade with a rectangular cross-section, as well as hardwood
handles.
a. Curved Chisels
b. Cape Chisels
c. Firmer Chisel
d. Bevel Edge Chisel
2. These chisels are designed for working on shallow mortises found in muntins or
mullions of windows.
a. Round chisel
b. Cold chisel
c. Concrete chisel
d. Sash Mortise Chisel
3. These chisels are powered by an electrical grinder motor.
a. Bolster Chisel
b. Power Chisels
c. Skew Chisel
d. Framing Chisel
4. Are shorter than bevel edge chisels and are usually fitted with a tang or socket that
features a hoop at the top.
a. Concrete Chisel
b. Skew Chisel
c. Bench Chisel
d. Japanese Chisel
5. These chisels are used to break apart concrete surfaces,
a. Concrete chisel
b. Round Chisels
c. Curved Chisel
d. Framing Chisel

Enumeration
 6-10. Give at least 5 different types of chisel

Answer Key:

1. Firmer Chisel

2. Sash Mortise Chisel

3. Power Chisel
4. Bench Chisel
5. Concrete Chisel

V. Assignment

Direction: On a one whole sheet of paper.

Give five (5) types of measuring tools and its uses for Carpentry and Woodworking.