WW224
WW224
WW224
Comments
Amylase is produced in the Pancreas and most of the elevation in serum is due to increased rate of Amylase entry into the
blood stream / decreased rate of clearance or both. Serum Amylase rises within 6 to 48 hours of onset of Acute
pancreatitis in 80% of patients, but is not proportional to the severity of the disease. Activity usually returns to normal in 3-
5 days in patients with milder edematous form of the disease. Values persisting longer than this period suggest continuing
necrosis of pancreas or Pseudocyst formation. Approximately 20% of patients with Pancreatitis have normal or near normal
activity. Hyperlipemic patients with Pancreatitis also show spuriously normal Amylase levels due to suppression of
Amylase activity by triglyceride. Low Amylase levels are seen in Chronic Pancreatitis, Congestive Heart failure, 2nd & 3rd
trimesters of pregnancy, Gastrointestinal cancer & bone fractures.
Interpretation
Note: To assess vascular risk, it is recommended to test hsCRP levels 2 or more weeks apart and calculate
the average
Comments
High sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hsCRP) significantly improves cardiovascular risk assessment as it is a strongest
predictor of future coronary events. It reveals the risk of future Myocardial infarction and Stroke among healthy men and
women, independent of traditional risk factors. It identifies patients at risk of first Myocardial infarction even with low to
moderate lipid levels. The risk of recurrent cardiovascular events also
Interpretation
Note
1. Measurements in the same patient can show physiological & analytical variations. Three serial samples 1 week
apart are recommended for Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL & LDL Cholesterol.
2. ATP III recommends a complete lipoprotein profile as the initial test for evaluating cholesterol.
3. Friedewald equation to calculate LDL cholesterol is most accurate when Triglyceride level is < 400 mg/dL.
Measurement of Direct LDL cholesterol is recommended when Triglyceride level is > 400 mg/dL.
Comments
CRP is an acute phase reactant which is used in inflammatory disorders for monitoring course and effect of therapy. It is
most useful as an indicator of activity in Rheumatoid arthritis, Rheumatic fever, tissue injury or necrosis and infections.
As compared to ESR, CRP shows an earlier rise in inflammatory disorders which begins in 4-6 hrs, the intensity of the
rise being higher than ESR and the recovery being earlier than ESR. Unlike ESR, CRP levels are not influenced by
hematologic conditions like Anemia, Polycythemia etc.
FERRITIN, SERUM 16.00 ng/mL 10.00 - 291.00
(CLIA)
Note: Increase in serum ferritin due to inflammatory conditions (Acute phase response) can mask a diagnostically low
result
Comments
Serum ferritin appears to be in equilibrium with tissue ferritin and is a good indicator of storage iron in normal subjects and in
most disorders. In patients with some hepatocellular diseases, malignancies and inflammatory diseases, serum ferritin is a
disproportionately high estimate of storage iron because serum ferritin is an acute phase reactant. In such disorders iron
deficiency anemia may exist with a normal serum ferritin concentration. In the presence of inflammation, persons with
low serum ferritin are likely to respond to iron therapy.
Increased Levels
Iron overload - Hemochromatosis, Thalassemia & Sideroblastic anemia
Malignant conditions - Acute myeloblastic & Lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease & Breast
carcinoma
Inflammatory diseases - Pulmonary infections, Osteomyelitis, Chronic UTI, Rheumatoid arthritis, SLE,
burns
Acute & Chronic hepatocellular disease
Decreased Levels
Iron deficiency anemia
Note
1. All Reactive results are tested additionally by Specific antibody Neutralization assay . For further
confirmation Molecular assays are recommended
2. Discrepant results may be observed during pregnancy, patients receiving mouse monoclonal
Comment
Hepatitis B Virus ( HBV) is a member of the Hepadna virus family causing infections of the liver with extremely
variable clinical features. Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily by body fluids especially serum and also spread effectively
sexually and from mother to baby. In most individuals HBV hepatitis is self limiting, but 1-2% normal adolescents and
adults develop Chronic Hepatitis. Frequency of chronic HBV infection is
5-10% in immunocompromised patients and 80% in neonates. The initial serological marker of acute infection is
HBsAg which typically appears 2-3 months after infection and disappears 12-20 weeks after onset of symptoms.
Persistence of HBsAg for more than six months indicates development of carrier state or Chronic liver disease.
Uses
Routine screening of blood and blood products to prevent transmission of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) to
recipients
To diagnose suspected HBV infection and monitor the status of infected individuals
To evaluate the efficacy of antiviral drugs
For Prenatal Screening of pregnant women
Comments
Pancreas is the major and primary source of serum lipase though lipases are also present in liver, stomach, intestine, WBC, fat
cells and milk. In acute pancreatitis, serum lipase becomes elevated at the same time as amylase and remains high for 7-10
days. Increased lipase activity rarely lasts longer than 14 days. Prolonged increase suggests poor prognosis or presence of a
cyst. The combined use of serum lipase and serum amylase is effective in ruling out acute pancreatitis.
Increased levels
Acute & Chronic pancreatitis.
Obstruction of pancreatic duct.
Non pancreatic conditions like renal diseases, acute cholecystitis, intestinal obstruction, duodenal ulcer, alcoholism,
diabetic ketoacidosis and following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Interpretation
|PREGNANCY |REFERENCE RANGE for TSH IN uIU/mL |
| |(As per American Thyroid |
| |Association) |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------|
|1st Trimester |0.10-2.50 |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------|
|2nd Trimester |0.20-3.00 |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------|
|3rd Trimester |0.30-3.00 |
Page 5 of 11
L55 - LPL Bengaluru Reference Lab
#17/1, "The Address" Opp Cessna Business
Park,Kadubeesanahalli,Bengaluru - 560103
Page 6 of 11
L55 - LPL Bengaluru Reference Lab
#17/1, "The Address" Opp Cessna Business
Park,Kadubeesanahalli,Bengaluru - 560103
Physical
Chemical
Microscopy
Others Nil -
Page 7 of 11
L55 - LPL Bengaluru Reference Lab
#17/1, "The Address" Opp Cessna Business
Park,Kadubeesanahalli,Bengaluru - 560103
HbA1c 6.5 %
Interpretation
| As per American Diabetes Association (ADA) |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Reference Group | HbA1c in % |
|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| Non diabetic adults >=18 years| 4.0 - 5.6 |
|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| At risk (Prediabetes) | 5.7 - 6.4 |
|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| Diagnosing Diabetes | >= 6.5 |
|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| Therapeutic goals for glycemic| . Goal of therapy: < 7.0 |
| control | . Action suggested: > 8.0 |
Note
1. Since HbA1c reflects long term fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration, a diabetic patient who is
recently under good control may still have a high concentration of HbA1c. Converse is true for a diabetic
previously under good control but now poorly controlled
2. Target goals of < 7.0 % may be beneficial in patients with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy and no
significant cardiovascular disease. In patients with significant complications of diabetes, limited life expectancy or
extensive co-morbid conditions, targeting a goal of < 7.0 % may not be appropriate
3. Any condition that shortens erythrocyte survival such as sickle cell disease, pregnancy (second and third
trimesters), hemodialysis, recent blood loss or transfusion, or erythropoietin will falsely lower HbA1c results
regardless of the assay method
4. In patients with HbA1c level between 7-8%, Glycemark (1,5 Anhydroglucitol) test may be done to identify
those with more frequent and extreme hyperglycemic excursions
Comments
HbA1c provides an index of average blood glucose levels over the past 8 - 12 weeks and is a much better indicator of
long term glycemic control as compared to blood and urinary glucose determinations. This single test can be used
both for diagnosing & monitoring diabetes. ADA recommends measurement of HbA1c 3-4 times per year in Type 1
diabetes and poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes patients. In well controlled Type 2 diabetes patients, the test can be
performed twice a year.
Page 8 of 11
L55 - LPL Bengaluru Reference Lab
#17/1, "The Address" Opp Cessna Business
Park,Kadubeesanahalli,Bengaluru - 560103
Page 9 of 11
L55 - LPL Bengaluru Reference Lab
#17/1, "The Address" Opp Cessna Business
Park,Kadubeesanahalli,Bengaluru - 560103
HEMOGRAM
(Flow Cytometery, SLS,Capillary Photometry )
Page 10 of 11
L55 - LPL Bengaluru Reference Lab
#17/1, "The Address" Opp Cessna Business
Park,Kadubeesanahalli,Bengaluru - 560103
Dr. Adithya S
MD(PATH)
Chief of Lab
IMPORTANT
INSTRUCTIONS
*Test results released pertain to the specimen submitted .*All test results are dependent on the quality of the sample received by the Laboratory .
*Laboratory investigations are only a tool to facilitate in arriving at a diagnosis and should be clinically correlated by the Referring Physician .*Sample repeats are
accepted on request of Referring Physician within 7 days post reporting. *Report delivery may be delayed due to unforeseen circumstances. Inconvenience is
regretted.*Certain tests may require further testing at additional cost for derivation of exact value. Kindly submit request within 72 hours post reporting.*Test
results may show interlaboratory variations .*The Courts/Forum at Delhi shall have exclusive jurisdiction in all disputes/claims concerning the test(s) & or
results of test(s).*Test results are not valid for medico legal purposes. * Contact customer care Tel No. +91-11-39885050 for all queries related to test results.
Page 11 of 11