“Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory on Grade-12 STEM Prudence”

Cendy E. Bautista
Denzel Klyde B. Magsayo

Submitted to: Mr. Rey Calo as a requirement in English for Academic and Professional
Purposes S.Y. 2021-2022

Senior High School Department

Valencia National High School
Lapu-Lapu St., Valencia City Bukidnon

MARCH 2022
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 1

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 2

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION 2

DEFINITION OF TERMS 3&4

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 5

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES 6&7

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 8

RESEARCH TIMELINE 9

RESEARCH REFERENCES 10
 INTRODUCTION

Every one of us has different kind of intelligences. Everyone has all nine types of
Intelligences that are listed above at varying levels of aptitude but we do not know about
this because they are still undiscovered. In this research study, Howard Gardner’s
Multiple Intelligences Theory has been a great help because it helps the students to
identify and specify their individual intelligences and skills.
People has different type of intelligences as Howard Gardner’s stated. Basically, we
have our own uniqueness in skills and abilities. The theory of multiple intelligences
resonates in many educators around the world. Learning more about the multiple
intelligences can help you better understand you own strengths. His theory allows
students to realize their strengths in learning and gives teachers the opportunity to
understand their students. Understanding of which intelligence the students possess
can help teachers adjust learning styles. This study will help teacher and students.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study is an effort to identify and to specify the individual intelligences of the
Students based on Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence theory. And how they affect
the attitude of the students toward learning specifically the Grade-12 Stem Prudence.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

This study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. How does Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory affect the attitude of
learners toward Learning?
2. What are the individual intelligence of the Students?
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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The present research is an effort to identify and to specify the individual

intelligences of the students, through Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence
Theory. This study will uncork the factors why the students have this kind of
intelligences, and what particular intelligences are they good at. The Howard
Gardner’s Theory will fortify the panorama that the students definitely have this
kind of intellectual potential, ability to think conceptually and abstractly, and many
more.
Moreover, this investigation is advantageous because it will help the following
groups of individuals:

Students
It can never be denied that there are students that have different kinds of
intelligence. For students, Howard Gardner’s Theory will help them to build up
confidence as it demonstrates how they can use their strengths to address their
weaknesses, self-development, and formation. It motivates students to find
where their interest and strength that lies and push their abilities and capacity
further.

Teachers
For teachers, Howard Gardner’s Theory has been widely applied to schooling.
This study will help and benefic the teachers because sometimes teachers
unconsciously adapt multiple intelligence into their teaching program such as
visual support and playing a song and it’s benefits; it could be more beneficial to
them in their teaching process.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study will be conducted at Valencia National High School. The scope of the
study will focus on Howard Gardner’s Theory in Grade-12 Stem Prudence.
This delimits only to the Multiple Intelligence of the students on how the
researchers can identify and specify the students’ individual intelligence. Other
factors aside from their personal background were omitted in the process of
conducting the study.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS

During the investigation, the researchers discovered that words are important to
elaborate with discerning through to their denotative definition in order to fully
extrapolate what these words are all about.

Intelligence is frequently defined as our intellectual potential, which we are born

with, can be measured, and is difficult to change. It has a comparable meaning in
this research because it is used as a method or pattern of devising the study,
which is one of the central points of conducting this investigation.

Multiple Intelligence is a theory proffer by Howard Gardner in 1983 to define

intelligence. It is advantageous in this study because it will assist the researchers
in identifying and prescribing the students' learning styles.

Students are people who go to school, college, or universities. Students are one
of the focal points in this examination because they will be investigated based on
their intellectual capacity and learning style.

Visual-Spatial Intelligence is a type of intelligence in which people excel at visual

tasks. These people are frequently good with directions, as well as maps, charts,
videos, and pictures.

Linguistic-Verbal Intelligence is the ability to use words effectively, both when

writing and speaking. This individual is usually adept at composing stories,
memorizing information, and reading.

Logical-Mathematical Intelligence is generally competent at reasoning, detecting

patterns, and rationally assessing problems. This person thinks logically about
numbers, relationships, and patterns.
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Body kinesthetic intelligence is claimed to be adept at body movement, activity,

and physical control. This type of person has excellent hand-eye coordination
and dexterity.

Musical intelligence excels at pattern recognition, rhythm, and sound. These

people have a strong appreciation for music and are often skilled at musical
composition and performance.

Interpersonal intelligence is skilled at understanding and socializing with others.

This person is adept in projecting the emotions, motivations, desires, and
intentions of those around them.

Intrapersonal intelligence are aware of their own emotional condition, feelings,

and courage. These individuals enjoy self-reflection and analysis, as well as
daydreaming, probation ship with others, and imposing their personal abilities.

Naturalistic intelligence was lately added to Gardner’s theory which has been met
with more opposition than his initial seven intelligences. Individuals with high
levels of this intelligence, according to Howard Gardner, are more in tune with
nature and have a drive to nurture, explore the environment, and learn about
other species.

Existential intelligence, which he proposed after the initial seven in his book
published in 1999. Gardner was hesitant to commit to spiritual intelligence, but he
did imply that it could be a valuable notion. Educational academics have looked
into this notion further.

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 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

Multiple Intelligence Theory

Dr. Howard Gardner, a Harvard Development Psychologist and a professor of

education at Harvard University, has formulated a theory of multiple intelligences.
It was first posited in 1983. He stresses that all people have several types of
intelligences. He provides a means of mapping the broad range of abilities that
human possess by grouping their capabilities into the following eight
comprehensive categories. The visual-spatial, logical-mathematical, bodily-
kinesthetic, musical-rhythmic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and
existential.
This theory is very important to education because teachers will see more
frequently that students learn in different ways. The multiple intelligence built
upon the premise that students may be not just mathematical or verbal talented
but also athletic, musical, interpersonal, naturalistic and others. Howard saw
intelligence as a “biopsychological potential to process information that can be
activated in a cultural setting to solve problems or create products that are of
value in a culture” (Gardner, 2000). This theory multiple intelligence inspired
teachers, schools leaders and special educators to embrace the notion that there
are many ways to be Intelligent.

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 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

To avoid replication, it is critical to do a thorough evaluation of past studies in this

study. This chapter covers some reviews of relevant studies that are related to
Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory, which has been the subject of this
research study, as well as several hypotheses that are strengthening the problem
discussed here. Previous research that are similar to this investigation are listed
below.

In 2010, Norma Hidayatusaholihah published "The effect of Multiple Intelligence

Strategy to improve students' achievement of Islamic education at SMP
Muhammadiya 9 "MeSRA"." She employed a quantitative design to investigate if
islamic education was achieved at SMP Muhammadiya in Surabaya. The
findings, which used a questionnaire as the instrument, revealed that
multifaceted intelligence has an effect on student achievement in Islamic
education at SMP Muhammadiya 9 Surabaya. The final calculation of the various
intelligence strategy to improve student accomplishment in Islamic education at
SMP Muhammadiya 9 "MeSRA" Surabay is rxy=0.48.

The second previous study was conducted by Miftahul Jannah under the title
"The Implementation of Multiple Intelligence System in Islamic education in SMP
YIMI Day School Gresik JawaTimur" (a master of education thesis), and she
used qualitative and observation methods to collect data. Managing islamik
education learning at SMP YIMI Day School Gresik JawaTimu was made well
enough based on numerous intelligence system. That appears to be arranging
the lesson plan; the teaching learning content, the teaching-learning technique,
the teachers, assessment, and completing the learning process in the classroom.
Furthermore, she discovered the benefits and drawbacks of implementing many
intelligences in Islamic education.

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And the third is Andrea Lauren Heming's thesis project at Western Kentucky
University with the title "Multiple Intelligence in the classroom." She worked on
her project from the middle of March until the end of October 2008. As a research
tool, observation and interviews were used. This study demonstrates the
significance of employing Gardener's multiple intelligence hypothesis in the
classroom. Students will understand the content better if it is provided in a variety
of ways. It is recommended that pre-service instructors begin to adjust their
perspective and engage on incorporating activities that focus on multiple
intelligences in order to reach more kids.

The fourth is Thanh T. Nyugen's dissertation for the doctor of education degree
at Harvard University in 2000, titled "Differential effects of a Multiple Intelligence
curriculum on Students’ performance." As a research design, he used a case
study. The results of the California achievement test (CAT), which was given to
at least five graders, revealed no difference between pupils in the mi and those in
a typical school program. Educators should find the results promising, even if
there are no improvements in test scores or grades, because it shows that
innovative techniques are competitive with traditional ones.

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 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
This study is Qualitative research with a descriptive design. Descriptive design
implicates observing and describing the manner of a subject without influencing it
in any way by scientific method.

Research Locale
The research study will be conducted at Valencia National High School. This
place was selected by the researchers knowing the efficiency of the study among
Grade-12 Stem Prudence. This investigation will test the different abilities and
capabilities of the students.

Research Respondents
The respondents of this is the Grade-12 Stem Prudence which is composed of
36 Students.They were chosen as the respondents because at this age they still
do not know where they are capable of.

Research Instruments
The instruments that will be used for this investigation is a multiple intelligent test
questionnaire from the Multiple Intelligence APP that would be given as a soft
copy. The researcher will also ask permission to the Grade-12 Stem Prudence
adviser for the report cards of the students, enabling the researchers to
recognize their capabilities in every subject.

Data Collection and Procedure

The researchers will ask the consent of the Grade-12 Stem Prudence adviser. If
the adviser approved the request of the researchers they will conduct the
investigation. All the Grade-12 Stem Prudence will be ask to complete the
questionnaire prepared by the researchers. The respondents will be given 45
minutes to answer the Questionnaire. The researcher will also analyze the data
of their report cards for them to be able to accomplish their desired result. After
 all the analysis, the results will be tallied and tabulated.

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RESEARCH TIMELINE

Research Section Duration

1. Title 3 days
2. Introduction 4 days
3. Statement of the Problem 1 day
4. Objectives 2 days
5. Significance of the study 1 week
6. Scope and Delimitation 3 days
7. Definition of Terms 2 days
8. Theoretical Framework 2 days
9. Review of Related Literature 1 week
10. Research Methodology 2 days
11. Data Analysis, Interpretation and Discussion 1 week
12. Survey Report 3 days
13. Reviewing of work for final submission 2 days
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RESEARCH REFERENCES

Marenus, M., (2020, June 09) Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences.

SimplyPsychology.

Retrieved from: https://www.simplypsychology.org/multiple-intelligence.html4q

Kurt, S., (2021, April 29) Theory of Multiple Intelligences- Gardner. Educational
Technology. https://educationaltechnology.net/theory-of-multiple-intelligences-gardner/

Heming, A.L., (2008) “Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom”. Mahurin Honors College
Capstone Experience/Thesis Project.

Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_hon_theses/138

Nyugen, T., (2002) Differential Effects of a Multiple Intelligences Curriculum on Student

Performance. Dissertation.com.

Retrieved from: https://www.bookpump.com/dps/pdf-b/1121504b.pdf

Miftahul, J., (2009) Master Education Thesis: The Implementation of Multiple

Intelligences System in Islamic Education in SMP YIMI Full day School Gresik
JawaTimur. (Subaraya: IAIN Sunan Ampel).

Hidayatussholihah, N., (2010) Thesis: The effect of Multiple Intelligences Strategy to

Improve Students’ Achievement of Islamic education at SMP Muhammadiya 9 “MeSRA”
Subayara.
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