Law Enforcement Organization and Administration

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LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

(Inter-Agency Approach)
Course Description
The course deals with the history of Law enforcement Organization in the Philippines, its structure and
principles in the application of law enforcement; the different approach in police planning; the importance of
police records and to understand the provisions of different laws attached to law enforcement organization.
A. Module Objectives:
Graduates of the BS Criminology program be equipped with relevant knowledge, skills, attitude,
values and shall be to:
a. Internalize the concept of the different law enforcement organizations and their
structures.
b. Understand the correlation of the different law enforcement
agencies and their functions.
c. Appreciate BS Criminology program and its future job opportunities.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
The students shall be able to:
- Discuss the methodology of the Law enforcement
- Understand and explain the organizational structure and the basic principles of the Police Organization.
- Understand and identify the important provisions of the law relevant to Law Enforcement
Administration.
INTRODUCTION
 Whenever a community is organized, it is imperative for the policing system to be established to deal
with crimes being committed by its members. This is because a crime is already a part of our
community which may happen anytime, anywhere and unexpectedly like a calamity.
 Hence, it is right to consider crime as a social phenomenon. In the history of Philippine policing
systems, several things may be learned from the problems and mistakes that were encountered and
committed in the past that may serve as guiding stars in improving our present and future policing
systems.
CHAPTER 1
(History of Policing System)

Compiled by: EMTS, 2021 Law Enforcement Organization and Administration (Inter-Agency Approach)
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From the simplest social structure-the family to the most complex-the community of nations, it is
essential that certain norms and conduct to be established and observed in order to ensure that the cordial
and harmonious relationship among its members are preserved and maintained.
It is in the field of law enforcement that the police are most involved in the complicated inter-
relationship within a social structure. The effectiveness of a police organization is essentially dependent on
the manner the same is managed, administered and controlled and most especially on the trust that the
citizens-clientele of policing business bestow upon it.
THE MEANING OF THE TERM “POLICE”

• POLICE is the agency of a community or government that is responsible for enforcing the law,
maintaining public order, preventing and detecting crime.
• The term POLICE refers to the internal organization or regulation of the state, the control and
regulation of the community or state through the exercise of the constitutional power of the
government.
• In a narrower sense, POLICE denotes the constitutionally created agency that exercises the power of
the government concerning the maintenance of tranquility, public order, peace, security of person
and property and the protection of public health and morale.
• In a very restricted sense, POLICE refers to that organization of armed men, which is actually an
institution that is capable of exercising legally mandated duties to enforce the law, maintain public
order, and detect and prevent crimes.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

 The term Law Enforcement Agency is broader, that includes other agencies under the executive branch
of the government in charge with the execution or enforcement of laws.
DIFFERENT POLICE ACTIVITIES

• Prevention of crime is intended to prevent root causes of crime.
• Repression or suppression of crime is done to reduce the opportunity of committing a crime like the
act of conducting patrol.
• Apprehending offenders is also known as arresting offenders.
• Conduct search and seizure;  Investigation of crime; and  Protection of lives and property.
THE EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM

The term police came from the Greek word POLITEIA (government of a city), which was used to
describe the group of civil officers governing the city and not necessarily the armed guarding or policing the
city when the Romans conquered the Greeks, the changed the word slightly to POLITIA.
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The French changed the word to POLICE and used it to those authorized people who actually enforce
the law. The English and the Americans borrowed the word from the French and used it to describe a law
enforcement officer.
The creation of police force as a protective and law enforcement organization developed from the use
of military bodies as guardians of the peace such as the PRAETORIAN GUARD of ancient Rome.
The Romans achieved a high level of law enforcement, which remained in effect until the decline of
the empire and the onset of the Middle Ages. Beginning in the 5 th century, policing became a function of the
heads of fiefdoms and principalities.
1. ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD OF POLICING SYSTEM (Ancient England) During the Anglo-Saxon period in
England, the practiced policing systems compared with the present Philippine Policing system, are the
following:
a. THANES POLICING SYSTEM
 King Alfred the great introduced a type of internal police force where landowners (known Thanes)
throughout his kingdom were responsible to police their own territory. As such the landowners
are empowered to arrest offenders and deliver them to the king. They were also empowered to
settle civil litigations.
Note: The Thanes Policing System is not being followed at present in the Philippines because landowners
are not empowered to settle civil litigations. They are however conduct arrest under any of the
circumstances of warrantless arrest.
b. FRANKPLEDGE System
• Policing was carried out under a system called frankpledge or mutual pledge, whereby every male
over 12 years old join nine (9) of his neighbors to form a Tythingmen.
TYTHINGMEN – a group of men whose duty was to apprehend any person who offends
another and deliver that offender for trial.
• Anyone who failed to join and perform this obligatory duty was severely fined. Thus, policing
responsibility lies on the hands of the citizens.
Note: Frankpledge Policing System is not being followed at present in the Philippines because a person
may become a policeman only if he reaches the age required and not all male residents are required to
do police works.
c. TUN POLICING
• Tun was the forerunner of the word “town”.
• Under this system, all male residents were required to guard the town to preserve peace and
order, protect the life and properties of the people and other factors that disturbs the peace and
order.
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Note: Tun Policing System is not being followed at present because not all residents are required to do
police works.
d. HUE AND CRY

• In this system, the complainant or victim goes to the middle of the community and shout to call all
male residents to assemble.
• The victim reports his complaint to the assembly. Consequently, all the male residents will go
after the criminal and apprehend him.
Note: The Hue and Cry Policing System is not being followed at present because our sense of obligation to
assemble and arrest the perpetrator, even if we are capacitated to do so, already deteriorated.
e. ROYAL JUDGE System

• The royal judge conducted criminal investigation and gave punishment fitted to the crime
committed.
• This practice started the identification of criminals.
Note: At present in the Philippines, the Royal Judge is not being followed because our judges do not
conduct criminal investigations, they only conduct trial to determine whether the accused is guilty or not
guilty and impose the proper penalty in case of conviction.
f. TRIAL BY ORDEAL
• A suspect was required to place his hands over boiling water or oil.
• If he would not get hurt, he will be acquitted but when hurt, he would be considered guilty.
• Double jeopardy was prevalent during this period.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY- the prosecution of a person twice for the same offense.
Note: At present, The Trial by Ordeal is not also being followed because we all know that anyone who
puts his hand in boiling water will get hurt, whether guilty or not of the crime charged.
2. NORMAN PERIOD OF POLICING (1066-1285)

a. SHIRE-REEVE System
• When King William Norman became the ruler of England, he divided his kingdom into 55 military
districts known as the Shire-Reeves.
• SHIRE means a district while REEVE means the ruler who made laws, pass judgment and impose
punishment.
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• He was assisted by a group of constables, the forerunner of the constabulary.

• The term Shire-Reeve eventually became Sheriff, the title of the chief of constables or police officers
in a certain town.
• The TRAVELLING JUDGE was held responsible in deciding cases that were taken from Shire-Reeves
due to some abuses.
Note: In the Philippines at present, no single person is authorized to make laws, render judgment and
impose penalties at the same time. The act of making laws is within the exclusive power of the legislative
branch of the government and the act of rendering judgment and imposing penalties is the power of the
judiciary.
b. KEEPERS OF PEACE
 The keepers of peace was a proclamation issued by King Richard of England in 1195 requiring the
appointment of knights to maintain peace and order at the place where the king is residing. The
knights were posted on bridges and gates to check the people entering and leaving the town or
cities.
Note: At present in the Philippine setting, the President is guarded by a special unit called the Presidential
Security Group.
c. LEGIS HENRIE
 This law was enacted during the time of King Henry I, which imposed the following -features:
1. Law violations were classified as offenses against the King.
2. Policemen became public officials.
3. The police and the citizens have the broad power to arrest.
4. Grand Jury was created to inquire on the facts of the law.
d. 1195
• King Richard of England issued a proclamation entitled KEEPERS OF THE PEACE.
• Requiring the appointment of Knights to keep the King’s peace by standing as guards on bridges and
gates while checking the people entering and leaving the cities and towns.
e. June 15, 1215

• Magna Carta (Great Charter) was sealed by King John of England.
• This became a law upon the demand of the Knights of the Round Table. The knights forced King John
to sign the document, which declared the following:
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1) No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned, disposed, outlawed, or bowedexcept by legal judgment of his
peers.
2) No person should be tried for murder unless there is proof of the body ofthe victim.
3) There should be national and local government as well as the nationaland local legislation.
3. DURING THE WESTMINSTER PERIOD

a. STATUTE OF WINCHESTER (1285)
• Was enacted for law and order.
• This law introduced the system of WATCH AND WARD.
b. STATUTE OF 1295
 Began the closing of the gates of London during sunset.  This started the observation
of curfew hours.
c. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

 A position given to a respected citizen, who has the power to arrest, pursue and imprison the
offenders.
Note: In the Philippine setting, the persons given the right to conduct arrest and imprison offenders are
known as Police Officers.
d. STAR CHAMBER COURT

 Established as special court that tried offenders against the state.
4. MODERN PERIOD OF POLICING

Policing system during the Modern Period (17th-19th century) in England.
1. KING CHARLES II of England - passed a law in 1663 that provided for the employment of NIGHT
WATCHMEN or BELLMEN to be on duty from sunset to sunrise.
2. HENRY FIELDING (1748)
• Became the Chief Magistrate at Bow Street in London.
• He organized a group of men known as BOW STREET RUNNERS
(thief catchers).
• He later formed the BOW STREET HORSE PATROL whose duty was to patrol the main roads thus
secure the travelers from highwaymen or highway bandits.
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3. SIR ROBERT PEEL (1829)

• Established the LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE, which became the world’s first modern organized
police force. It was later called SCOTLAND YARD.
• The development of the British police system is especially significant because the pattern that
emerged not only became a model for the American police system but also had great influence on the
style of policing in almost all industrial societies.
• Peel earned the title – THE FATHER OF MODERN POLICING SYSTEM.
4. 1811, FRANCE: EUGENE “FRANCOIS” VIDOCQ

• Established a squad of ex-convicts to aid the Paris Police in investigating crimes.
• He worked under the theory of “Set a thief to catch a thief.”
5. AMERICAN POLICE SYSTEM

1. Policing system in America followed the model developed in England.
• New York, Boston and Philadelphia organized their night watchmen, which was similar to the bellmen
created in London during the reign of King Charles II.
• These night watchmen were known as RATTLEWATCH because they carried rattles while on duty to
inform the public of their watchful presence.
2. Development of American municipal (rural and city) police force

a. In 1638, night watch was initiated in Boston, Massachusetts.
b. In 1658, rattle-watch was organized in New York.
c. Nigh-watch started in Philadelphia in 1700.
d. In 1722, New Haven had a police regulation that “No watchman will have the liberty to sleep”.
e. In 1800, it became a government policy that able-bodied males over 16 years old were required to
serve without pay.
f. 1833 was the advent of daytime police with pay.
g. New York City police began to adopt a full police uniform in 1856.
3. Development of State Police Force in America

a. Texas Rangers were organized in 1835.
b. In 1865, Massachusetts organized a police force of state constables.
c. The Pennsylvania State Police came into existence in 1905.
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4. Development of US Federal Police Force

a. In 1829, Post Office Inspection System began.
b. Investigation on crimes against the government started in 1861.
c. Detective forces were formed sometime in 1868 to investigate problems on revenue services,
immigration and smuggling.
d. In 1895, Federal government attention focused on lotteries, drug regulations and transportation
regulations.
e. Anti-White Slavery Act and Motor Vehicle Act were enacted in 1910.
f. In 1934, National Kidnapping Act, Banking Act, and Racketeering Act were passed by the United
States Congress.
6. EVOLUTION OF POLICE SERVICE IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING
A. Policing System during the Spanish Regime.

• The police force during the Spanish Regime was considered as part of the military system by the
Spanish government.
• The locally organized police forces, although performing civil duties and seemingly created for the
sole purpose of maintaining peace, were in fact directly commanded by the colonial military
government.
• Police forces organized during the Spanish regime were:
1. CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICO (Mounted Police)

• Organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying out the policies of the Spanish government.
• The members were armed and considered as the mounted police. Later, they discharged the
duties of a port, harbor, and river police.
2. GUARDRILLEROS
• A body of rural police organized in each town that was created by the Royal decree of January 8,
1836.
• This police force was composed of 5% of the able-bodied male inhabitants of each town or province,
and each member should serve for at least 3 years.
3. GUARDIA CIVIL
• The police organization created by the Royal Decree issued by the Spanish Crown government on
February 12, 1852.
• It relieved the Spanish Peninsular Troops of their works in policing towns.
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• It consisted of a body of Filipino policemen organized originally in each of the provincial capitals of
the central provinces of Luzon under the command of Alcalde (Governor).
B. During the Japanese Occupation

1. The Japanese Military Police, known as KEMPETAI were held responsible in maintaining peace and
order in Manila and adjacent urban areas.
2. Kempetai ruled the urban areas until Gen. Douglas McArthur returned on February 7, 1945.
3. The Manila Police Department, which was created during the first American occupation, was
renamed into Metropolitan Constabulary under the Bureau of Constabulary.
C. Police service during American Occupation until the World War II broke out
The first American occupation in the Philippines that came after the Filipino-American War (1898 to
1901) was followed by a period of political turmoil and social imbalance.
1. INSULAR POLICE FORCE
 Established on November 30, 1890 during the Filipino-American war (1898-1901) upon the
recommendation of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War.
2. INSULAR CONSTABULARY
 Created on July 18, 1901 by virtue of Act No. 175 titled as “An Act Providing for the Organization
and Government of an Insular Constabulary”.
3. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT (MPD)

•
Organized on July 31, 1901 by virtue of Act Nr. 183 of the Philippine Commission.
•
The 1st Chief of Police was Capt. George Curry, a US Army officer appointed by the TAFT
COMMISSION on August 7, 1901.
• Capt. Columbus Piatt was the last American COP of MPD before WW II broke out.
4. October 3, 1901
• The Insular Constabulary was changed to PHILIPPINE
CONSTABULARY (PC) by virtue of Act No. 255.
• Brig/Gen. Henry T. Allen was the 1st Chief of the Philippine Constabulary.
He was the PC Chief from 1901 to 1907 such that he was called as the Father of Constabulary in the
Philippines.
5. REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1917

• Was approved a year before World War I (August 1914 to November 1918) ended.
• In Section 825 of this law, it stated that the Philippine Constabulary is a national police institution for
preserving the peacekeeping order and enforcing the law.
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• Brig/Gen. Rafael Crame became the first Filipino Chief of Police.  He served as the PC Chief from 1917-
1927.
6. The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines (Act No. 3815) took effect on January 1, 1932.
7. November 1938
• Act No. 181 required the creation of a Bureau of Investigation.
• This agency should be the modification of the Division of Investigation from the Department of Justice.
• Finally, on June 19, 1947, Republic Act Nr. 157 was enacted which created the National Bureau of
Investigation.
Col. Antonio C. Torres – The 1st Filipino COP when Manila Police Department became an all Filipino police
organization; declared Manila as an open city when World War II broke-out in 1941; during the World War II,
Manila police was placed again under the American control.
Col. Marcus Ellis Jones – A U.S. Provost Marshall who was named as MPD COP just after the Manila Liberation.
Col. Lamberto T. Javalera – the 1st Filipino COP of MPD appointed by Pres. Roxas under the Republic
Government.
D. After the World War II, what laws were enacted relevant to the development of police service in the
Philippines?
1. In 1960, Republic Act No. 2678 was enacted and this law provided the expansion and reorganization of
the NBI. This law established that the NBI is both an investigative and research service agency.
2. On January 1, 1964, the RULES OF COURT took effect. This procedural law was construed in order to
promote the broad objective of the criminal justice system and to assist the parties in obtaining just,
speedy and inexpensive determination of every legal action and proceeding.
3. On September 18, 1966, Republic Act No. 4864 otherwise known as

POLICE ACT OF 1966 was enacted. The law created the office of the POLICE COMMISSION (which was later
called National Police Commission) under the Office of the President. Originally, the POLCOM was created as a
supervisory agency to the PC. Its function was to oversee the training and professionalization of the local
police forces. Through this law, reformation and professionalization of the police service gained official
recognition.
4. On August 8, 1975, Presidential Decree No. 765 was enacted and stipulated that the Office of the
NAPOLCOM should be under the office of the Ministry of National Defense. It defined also the
relationship between the Integrated National Police and the Philippine Constabulary. This was in
compliance with the provision of Section 12, Article 15 of the 1973 Philippine Constitution.
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5. On December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975 was approved by then President Corazon Aquino. This
law was known as the DILG Act of 1990 but it was also recognized later as the PNP Law of 1991. This law
created the Philippine National Police and declared it to be the only police force of the country with
national in scope and civilian in character.
6. On February 25, 1998, Republic Act No. 6975 provisions concerning the PNP were amended when
President Fidel Ramos approved Republic Act Nr. 8551. Republic Act Nr. 8551, known as the PNP
Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, reorganized the PNP for the purpose of reforming and
professionalizing it.
7. RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998,
enacted on February 25, 1998; this law amended certain provisions of RA 6975
8. RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum educational qualification
for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system; approved on 12 August 2009
“AN ACT EXTENDING FOR FIVE (5) YEARS THE REGLEMENTARY PERIOD FOR COMPLYING WITH THE
MINIMUM EDUCATIONAL
QUALIFICATION FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) AND ADJUSTING THE
PROMOTION SYSTEM THEREOF, AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE PERTINENT PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC
ACT NO. 6975 AND REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”
9. REPUBLIC ACT 9263 (2004) - It is known as Bureau of Fire Protection
(BFP) and Bureau of Jail management and Penology (BJMP)
Professionalization Act of 2004. It revised some provisions of Republic Act 6975 especially those pertaining to
BFP and BJMP
IMPORTANT FILIPINO PERSONALITIES IN THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLICING  BRIG GEN RAFAEL
CRAME
- the first Filipino chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917
 COL ANTONIO TORRES

- the first Filipino chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1935
 COL LAMBERTO JAVALERA

- the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine Independence from the
United States of America in 1946
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 P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO

- the first chief of the Philippine National Police
CHAPTER 2
(CONCEPTS, THEORIES & PRINCIPLES OF MODERN POLICING)
Concepts of Modern Policing (Sir Robert Peel) The police should be organized
along military lines.
a. The police should be place under screening and training.
b. The police should be hired on a probationary basis.
c. The police should be deployed by time and by area.
d. Police headquarters should be accessible to the people.
e. Police-Record keeping is essential.
General Concept of Police Service

1. Old Concept
Police service gives the impression of being merely a suppressive machinery. This philosophy advocates that
the measurement of police competence is the increasing number of arrests, throwing offenders in detention
facilities rather than trying to prevent them from committing crimes. Punishment is the role instrument of
crime control-throwing more people to jail rather than keeping them out of jail.
2. New or Modern Concept
Regards police as the first line of defense of the criminal justice system, an organ of crime prevention. The
yardstick of efficiency of the police is the absence of crime or decreasing number of crimes. Its objective is the
welfare of the people and the society.
The Principles of Law Enforcement enunciated by Sir Robert Peel

a. Prevention of Crime is the basic mission of the police.
b. Police must have the full respect of the citizenry.
c. A citizen’s respect for law develops his respect for the police.
d. Cooperation of the public decreases as the use of force increases.
e. Police must render impartial enforcement of the law.
f. Physical force is used only as a last resort.
g. The police are the public and the public are the police.
h. The police represent the law.
i. The absence of crime and disorder is the test of police efficiency.
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The Principles of Police Organization

Hierarchy of authority entails the superior-subordinate relationship throughout the department,
wherein a superior officer supervises each individual.
Principles of Hierarchy of Authority

a. Span of Control refers to the number of officers or subordinates that a superior supervises
without regard to the effectiveness or efficiency of the supervision.
b. Unity of Command refers to placing one and only one superior in command or in control of
every situation and every employee.
c. Delegation of Authority is the assignment of tasks, duties, and responsibilities to
subordinates while at the same time giving them the power or right to control, command,
make decisions, or otherwise act in performing the delegated responsibilities.
THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

1. Continental Theory
Policemen are considered as state or servants of the higher authority. The people have little or no share of all
their duties, nor any direct connection with the police organization.
2. Home Rule Theory

Policemen are considered servants of the community who depend for the effectiveness of their functions upon
the express wishes of the people. Policemen are civil servants whose key duty is the preservation of public
peace and security.
POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

ORGANIZATION
 A group of persons working together for a common goal or objective. It is an association or group of
individuals with a common goal. It is the structuring of individuals and functions into productive
relationships. It is either formal or informal organizations. It is also a form of human association for the
attainment of a goal or objective.
FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS
 Are those with a system of coordinated activities, a group of people, authority and leadership and
cooperation towards a goal.
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INFORMAL ORGANIZATION
 An indefinite and structure less organization that has no definite subdivisions comprises by unconscious
groups of feelings, passion and activities of individuals. Unplanned system of the activities and
interactions of participants.
TITLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS
A. FUNCTIONAL UNITS
1. Bureau – largest organic unit within a large department
2. Division – a primary sub-division of a bureau
3. Section – functional unit within a division – this is necessary for specialization
4. Units – functional groups within a section
B. TERRITORIAL UNITS
1. Posts
• A fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty such as designated desk or office.
• An intersection or cross work form of traffic duty
• A spot or location for general guard duty
2. Route
• A length of street/s designated for patrol purposes
• It is called Line Beat
3. Beat
• An area assigned for patrol purposes either on foot or motorize
4. Sector
• An area containing two or more beats, routes or post
5. District
 A geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes usually with its own station
6. Area
 A section or territorial division of a large city each comprised of designated districts
C. TIME UNITS
1. Watch or Shift
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 A time division of the day for purposes assignment
2. Platoon
• Composed of several squads usually commanded by a Lieutenant may serve the entire city or district.
• Divisions that have personnel on duty for more than shift divide them into platoons on the basis of
hours of the day they are on
POLICE ORGANIZATION
A structured group of trained personnel in the field of public safety administration engaged in
achieving the following goals and objectives.
GOALS:
1. To ensure public safety
2. To protect live and property
3. To maintain peace and order
OBJECTIVES:
1.To attain an acceptable degree of peace and order
2.To attain effectiveness in the enforcement of laws and efficiency of law enforcers
3.To attain a low crime volume or crime rate
4.To attain a maximum degree of solution and criminal conviction of law violators
5.To attain a maximum degree in the protection of lives and property
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

- pertains to an organization responsible for enforcing the laws
ENFORCEMENT
- means to compel obedience to a law, regulation or command
OBJECTIVES
- refer to the purpose by which the organization was created
- refer to the goals of the organizations
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PNP MISSION
“To enforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to maintain peace and order, and to ensure public
safety and internal security with the active support of the community”
ADMINISTRATION
- an organizational process concerned with the implementation of
objectives and plans and internal operating efficiency
- connotes bureaucratic structure and behavior, relatively routine decision-making and maintenance of
the internal order
POLICE
- a branch of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of maintaining law and order
and combating crime within the society
- is the agency of a community or government that is responsible for enforcing the law, maintaining
public order and preventing and detecting crimes.
POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

- the process involved in ensuring strict compliance, proper obedience of laws and related statutes
- focuses on the policing process or how law enforcement agencies are organized and managed in order
to achieve the goals of law enforcement most effectively, efficiently and productively
- is an organizational process concerned with the implementation of the objectives and plans, and
internal operating efficiency of the police organization.
SUPERVISION
- means the act of watching over the work or tasks of the members of the organization to ensure that desired
results are achieved
MANAGEMENT
- the process of directing and facilitating the work of people organized in formal groups in order to
achieve objectives
- judicious or wise use of resources (manpower, material, money,
equipment, supplies, time etc)
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POLICE MANAGEMENT
- is the act of administering, controlling, or handling various aspects of police organization.
POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY
- is the inherent responsibility of a police organization to be answerable for the misconducts committed
by its members.
POLICE FUNCTIONS
- refers to the duties and responsibilities carried out by police agencies concerning public order and
public safety.
POLICE POWER
- is the inherent power of the government to impose reasonable restrictions on the liberties of its citizens
for the maintenance of public order and safety
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT?

- Administration is the determination of objectives and major policies of an organization, while
management is the act of placing into action the policies and plans laid down by the administration.
Hence, administration is a determinative function, while management is an executive function.
WHAT ARE THE DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN GOALS AND OBJECTIVES?

1. Goals are broad, while objectives are narrow
2. Goals are general intentions, while objectives are precise.
3. Goals are intangible, while objectives are tangible
4. Goals are abstract, while objectives are concrete.
AUTHORITY
- the right to command and control the behavior of employees in lower positions within an
organizational hierarchy
- must be viewed in terms of prescribed roles rather than of individuals
- a particular position within an organization carries the same regardless of who occupies that position
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HIERARCHY
- represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any given organization
- serves as the framework for the flow of authority downward, and obedience upward, through the
department
TRADITIONAL ORGANIZATION THEORY

1. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATION – by Frederick Taylor
 Emphasis on planning, standardizing, and improving human effort in the operational level of the
organization
2. GENERAL MANAGEMENT THEORY – by Henri Fayo

 Emphasis on the elements of planning, organizing, command, coordination and control.
3. BUREAUCRATIC MODEL OF ORGANIZATION – by Max Weber

 Emphasis on the characteristics of bureaucracy
a. Division of labor
b. Centralization of authority
c. Rational program of personnel administration
d. Rules and regulation
e. Written records
4. THE SCIENCE OF ADMINISTRATION – by Luther Gulick and Lyndal Urwick

Emphasis on the principles of:
1) PLANNING
- the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be attained
- is the process of selecting goals and determining how to achieve them.
- the process of setting performance objectives and identifying the actions needed to accomplish them
- working out in broad outline the things that need to be done and the methods for doing them to
accomplish the purpose set for the enterprise
2) ORGANIZING
- involves the determination and allocation of the men and women as well as the resource of an
organization to achieve pre-determined goals or objectives of the organization
- the process of dividing the work to be done and coordinating results to achieve a desired purpose
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- establishment of the formal structure of authority through which work subdivisions are arranged,
defined and coordinated for the desired objectives
- is the process of making an organization fit with its objectives, resources and environment.
3) DIRECTING
- involves the overseeing and supervising of the human resources and the various activities in an
organization to achieve through cooperative efforts the pre-determined goals or objectives of the
organization
- also called leading, the process of directing and coordinating the work efforts of other people to help
them accomplish important task
- task of making decisions and embodying them in specific and general orders and instructions
- is the process of giving orders, commands, directives, or instructions to personnel in order to rule them
in accomplishing the goals or objectives of an organization.
4) CONTROLLING
- involves the checking or evaluation and measurement of work performance and comparing it with
planned goals or objectives of the organization, and making the necessary corrective actions so that
work is accomplished as planned
- the process of monitoring performance, comparing results to objectives and taking corrective action as
necessary
- also called supervising
5) STAFFING
- the task of providing competent men to do the job and choosing the
right men for the right job
- involves good selection and processing of reliable and well-trained personnel
- filling the organization with the right people in the right position
THE FOLLOWING ARE DIFFERENT STAFFING ACTIVITIES:

• RECRUITMENT - refers to the set of activities and processes used to legally obtain a sufficient number
of right people for specific positions.
• SELECTION - is the process of choosing from among the candidates the most suitable person for the
current position or for future position.
• APPRAISAL - is the process of measuring performance
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• TRAINING - is the act of improving the ability required in the current job
• DEVELOPMENT - is the act of improving the ability required in the future job.
WHAT IS THE NEXT-IN-RANK-RULE IN RELATION TO SELECTION?

The next in rank rule states that the appointing authority must prioritize the selection of next in rank
filling up a vacant position. This rule is not, however, absolute. The appointing authority may still appoint any
other person aside from the next in rank provided he must state the reason of not complying with said rule.
6) COORDINATING
- is the manner of integrating the different element within and outside of an organization into a
harmonious relationship.
7) REPORTING
- the making of detailed account of activities, work progress, investigations and unusual in order to keep every
one informed or what is going on
8) RECORDING
- is the system of classifying and compiling written communications going inside and going outside of an
organization
9) BUDGETING
- the forecasting in detail of the results of an officially recognized program of operations based on the
highest reasonable expectations of operating efficiency
5. THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION – by Mooney and Reiley

 Mooney and Reiley identified coordination as the preeminent element of organizational designs. Thus,
coordination is the mother of principles.
POLICE ADMINISTRATION
Police in action. It is the cooperative human effort to achieve the purposes of the criminal justice
system. It refers also to the study of the processes and condition of Law Enforcement as a pillar of justice.
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FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION 1) PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS

- functions that carry out the major purposes of the organization, delivering the services and dealing
directly with the public
- the backbone of the police department
- examples of the line functions of the police are patrolling, traffic duties, crime investigation
2) STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
- functions that are designed to support the line functions and assist in the performance of the line
functions
- examples of the staff functions of the police are planning, research, budgeting and legal advice
3) AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
- functions involving the logistical operations of the organization
- examples are training, communication, maintenance, records management, supplies and equipment
management
ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION 1) OPERATIONAL UNITS

- those that perform primary or line functions
- examples are patrol, traffic, investigation and vice control,
2) ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
- those that perform the administrative functions examples are personnel, finance,
planning and training
3) SERVICE UNITS
- those that perform auxiliary functions examples are communication, records
management, supplies
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
It is a mechanical means of depicting by an arrangement of
symbols, the relationship that exist between individuals, groups, and functional relationships between groups
and individuals are clearly defined to ensure accountability and compliance.
Types of Organization Structures

A. LINE ORGANIZATION
- often called the individual, military, or departmental type of organization
- it is the simplest and oldest type of organizational structure
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- channels of authority and responsibility extend in a direct line from top to bottom within the
structure.
- depicts the line functions of the organization
- orders or commands must come from the higher level of authority before it can be carried out -
involves few departments
ADVANTAGES:
1. Simple
2. Division
3. Each unit completely controlled
4. Direct responsibility and accountability
5. Quick decisions because of direct lines of authority
DISADVANTAGE:
1. Impractical
B. FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION
• Functional organization divides responsibility and authority between several specialists, such as a
person responsible for all training, an employee directing the community relations activities of all units,
or a person handling cases involving all juvenile activities.
• The functional responsibility of a commander is limited to the particular activity over which he has
control.
• depicts staff functions of the organization
• responsibilities are divided among authorities who are all accountable to the authority above
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Chief of Police
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Personnel Training Juvenile Traffic

Community Relation
Line Officers and Employees
C. LINE AND STAFF ORGANIZATION

• The line and staff organization is the combination of line and functional types and is found in almost all
police agencies today.
• It combines staff specialist with line organization so that service of knowledge can be provided line
personnel by specialists such as criminalist training officers and intelligence specialist.
• Channels or responsibility and authority are left intact since the specialist provides expertise while the
line does the task. Specialist only give advises not commands.
• Generally more formal in nature and has many departments
The Philippine National Police follow the line and staff kind of organizational structure.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
- an illustration in the form of a chart which represents the
organizational structure
- the mechanical means of depicting, by an arrangement of symbols, the relationships that exist
between individuals, groups and functional relationships between groups and individuals clearly
defined to ensure accountability and compliance
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ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
FOUR PRIMAL CONDITIONS OF AN ORGANIZATION 1) AUTHORITY

- the supreme source of government for any particular organization
- the right to exercise, to decide and to command by virtue of rank and position
2) MUTUAL COOPERATION
- an organization exists because it serves a purpose
3) DOCTRINE
- provides for the organization’s objectives
- provides the various actions, hence, policies, procedures, rules and regulations of the
organization are based on the statement of doctrines
4) DISCIPLINE
- comprising behavioral regulations
COMMAND AND STAFF PRINCIPLES
COMMANDER – he exercise command authority and responsibility over subordinates by virtue of his
rank and assignment, he discharge his responsibilities through a chain of command
COMMANDER AUTHORITY – this provides the commander with right to plan, organize, direct,
coordinate, and control PNP forces or units in order to accomplish an assigned mission or task
COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY – commander is responsible for all that his unit does or fails to do. He
alone answers for the success or failure of his command
STAFF – issue orders in the name of commander, provides information to commander, offices, other
agencies and units. Make estimates of the situation, recommendation, preparing plans and orders as well as
supervision.
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
1 . GROUPING OF SIMILAR TASK

- task, similar or related in purpose, process, method, or clientele should be grouped together in one or
more units under the control of one person. Grouping can be done in the following:
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a. ACCORDING TO FUNCTION – grouping according to the nature of the task to be performed. It should
be divided into groups sp that similar and related duties may be assigned to each.
b. ACCORDING TO TIME FRAME – the units are divided into shifts according to time of the day.
c. ACCORDING TO PLACE OF WORK – a territorial distribution of a platoon accomplished assigning
patrolman on beats is necessary to facilitate the direction and control of officers and to ensure suitable patrol
service at every point within the jurisdiction.
d. ACCORDING TO LEVEL OF AUTHORITY – A police department is always divided according to level of
authority; that is, there will be some patrolmen, some sergeants, some lieutenants, and so on.
Vertical combinations of superior officers with each rank at a different level of authority from any other
form channels through which operations may be directed and controlled.
Those chains of command, or lines of direct control, facilitate the delegation of authority and the
placing of authority and responsibility, supervision is thus ensured.
2. SPECIALIZATION BASED ON NEEDS

Specialization is a principle of organization that results from the division of the force into separate units
to perform police tasks.
The degree of specialization is determined by the size of the department, by the number of units
created and extent of responsibility for the performance of task within the special field.
3. LINES OF AUTHORITY AND CHAIN OF COMMAND

Communications should be ordinarily goes upward and downward through established channels in the
hierarchy.
Diverting orders, directive, or reports around a level of command usually has disastrous effects on
efficiency of the organization, if the level, which is by passed, is ordinarily capable and responsible. The
bypassed superior has no official knowledge of the nature of a directive going downward. Since he is unaware
of the directive, he can be hardly being held responsible for enforcing it.
In emergency situations, those that requires an immediate action, giving of orders by an officer in a
staff capacity in the name of someone high in the hierarchy is acceptable, thus the duty of a subordinate to
obey. He has no alternative under those special situations. This is also known as SCALAR
OF COMMAND.
4. UNITY OF COMMAND
Only one man be in complete command of each situation, only one man be in direct command or
supervision of each officer.
Confusion is created when more than one superior undertakes independent command of an operation
performed by several subordinates or when a subordinate receives orders from more than one superior.
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5. SPAN OF CONTROL
The ability of one man to direct, coordinate and control immediate subordinates.
The broad span of control may be reduced by the use of additional supervisory level of officials, thus
lengthening the chain of command.
6. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
The principle of delegation of work is related to the process of committing an activity to another’s care.
It is closely related to the principle of span of control in that even though the span of attention is excessive,
the harm from it can be reduced by the delegation of much detail to subordination.
Conferring of an amount of authority by a superior position to a lowerlevel position. A superior may
delegate some of his duties to his subordinates. Said superior is however, responsible for the neglect of his
subordinates.
It is the transfer of authority of a higher officer to another subordinate such as a unit head or who is a
superior of another unit or division. This process is continued to the lowest level of execution.
The delegations of authority are divided into:
a. POLICY FORMULATION – involves what are to be done in the form
of orders or broad statement of action.
b. DIRECTION – deals with procedures, what is to be done, who will do
it, when, where and how it is to be done.
c. SUPERVISION – deals with the assistance and guidance given to
subordinates to ensure successful performance.
d. EXECUTION – deals with the performance of tasks in consonance with authority to fulfill
responsibility.
CHAPTER 3
(CONCEPTS, THEORIES & PRINCIPLES OF MODERN POLICING)
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) ORGANIZATION
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 765

An act creating the Police Constabulary/ Integrated National Police (PC/INP) in August 8, 1975. This law
put the NAPOLCOM under the Ministry of National Defense.
During this time pursuant to E.O. 389, PC became one of the four major services of the AFP.
Salient Features of PD 765

1. The INP was established and constituted, composed of the PC as the nucleus and the INP as
component under the DND.
P a g e | 27
2. The head of the INP was Chief of the PC.

3. The PC remained as the major service of the AFP.
4. The powers and functions of the NAPOLCOM as previously stated were remained
5. The NAPOLCOM was transferred to DND from the office of the President
6. The remaining power of the NAPOLCOM was extended to the police, fire and jail components
of the INP.
Republic Act No. 6975

- PNP Law of 1991
- DILG Act of 1990
Republic Act No. 8551

- PNP Reform and Reorganization act of 1998
SALIENT PROVISION OF R.A. 6975 and R.A. 8551

The Department of the Interior and Local Government:
- To carry out the policies and purpose of this Act, the Department of Local Government is hereby
reorganized into the Department of Interior and Local Government, hereinafter referred to as the
Department, in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
Organization of the DILG:

The Department shall consist of the:
- Department Proper
- The existing bureaus and offices of Department of Local Government - National Police Commission
- Philippine Public Safety College
- And the following bureaus: the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Fire Protection, and the
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
Specific Powers and Functions of the DILG Secretary:

a) Prepare and submit periodic reports, including a Quarterly Anti-CrimeOperation Report, and such
other reports as the President and Congress may require.
b) Act as Chairman and Presiding Officer of the National Police Commission;and
c) Delegate authority to exercise any substantive or administrative functionto the members of the
National Police Commission or other officers of rank within the Department.
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Prohibitions to the Members of the Commission:

The Chairman and members of the Commission shall not engage in the practice of any profession, or
intervene, directly or indirectly, in the management and control of any private enterprise.
They shall not, directly or indirectly, have any financial or material interest in any transaction requiring
the approval of their office.
Powers and Functions of the PNP:

a. Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
b. Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety;
c. Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring offenders to justice and
assist in their prosecution;
d. Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance with the Constitution
and pertinent laws;
e. Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law, informing the person so
detained of all his rights under the Constitution;
f. Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with law;
g. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue licenses to operate
security agencies, and to security guards and private detectives, for the practice of their professions,
and
h. Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be provided by law.
Organization of the PNP:
Note:
1. In no case shall any officer who has retired or is retirable within six (6) months from his compulsory
retirement age be appointed as Chief of the PNP.
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2. The PNP shall be composed of a national office, regional offices, provincialoffices, district offices and
city or municipal station.
3. PNP shall maintain its office in Metropolitan Manila, which shall house thedirectorial staff, service staff
and special support units.
======================
GENERAL QUALIFICATION FOR PNP APPOINTMENT
1.A citizen of the Philippines.
2.A person of good moral character.

3.Must pass the psychiatric or psychological, drug, and physical tests to be administered by the PNP or any
accredited government hospitals.
4.Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of learning.
5.Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the commission.
6.Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or dismissed from civilian position
in the government.
7.Must not have been convicted by final judgment of crime involving moral turpitude.
8.Must have a height of at least 1.62 m for male and 1.57 m for female.
9.Must weight not more or less than 5kgs. From the standards corresponds to his age, sex and height.
10. Must not be less than 21 or more than 30 years old.
==========================
4. At the regional level, the PNP shall have regional offices, including that ofthe National Capital Region,
each of these regional offices shall be headed by a regional director for peace and order.
5. At the provincial level, there shall be a PNP office, each headed by aprovincial director.
6. In case of large provinces, police districts may be established by theCommission to be headed by a
district director.
7. At the city or municipal level, there shall be a PNP station, each headed bychief police.
P a g e | 30
WAIVER IN THE PNP:

WAIVER – is program given to applicant disqualifications set by the law but still want to join the PNP
service.
QUALIFICATIONS THAT CAN BE WAIVED:
1. Age – not below 20 nor more than 35 years old
2. Height – granted to applicants belonging to cultural minorities 3. Weight – more or less than 5 kgs.
from the standards set by law. (Applicant will be given not exceeding 6 months to comply with this
standard)
Note: Under R.A. 8551, the 6 months was changed to 1 year.
4. Education – without baccalaureate degree; at least 72 units leading to a bachelor degree.
Note:
1. Applicant with no baccalaureate degree will be given a maximum of 4 years to comply and applicant
with at least 72 units will be given two years to comply.
Note: Under 9708, members who are already in the service upon the effectivity of Republic Act No.
8551 shall be given five (5) years to obtain the minimum educational qualification preferably in law
enforcement related courses.
2. The nature of appointment under waiver program under education andweight is temporary. Failure to
comply with the standards within the specified time shall be dismiss from service.
3. Any PNP personnel who’s disqualified from service by reason of failure tomeet the waiver of education
and weight can eligible to re-apply for PNP if already possess the minimum qualifications.
CRITERIA IN SELECTING APPLICANTS FOR WAIVER PROGRAM:

1. Those possess least disqualification shall take precedence over the others.
2. Order of waiver disqualifications: Age, Height, Weight and Education.
EXAMINATIONS OF POLICEMEN:
NAPOLCOM shall administer the entrance and promotional examinations for policemen.
RA. 8551: Section 58. Prioritization of Women for Recruitment:

- The PNP shall prioritize the recruitment and training of women who shall serve in the women’s desk.
P a g e | 31
- Pursuant to this requirement, the PNP shall reserve ten percent (10%) of its annual recruitment,
training, and education quota for women.
A. PNP RANK CLASSIFICATION (OLD)
Police Ranks and abbreviations Equivalent Military Ranks A. Commissioned Officers
-Director General General
-Deputy Director General Lieutenant General
-Director Major General
-Chief Superintendent Brigadier General
-Senior Superintendent Colonel
-Superintendent Lieutenant Colonel
-Chief Inspector Major
-Senior Inspector Captain
-Inspector Lieutenant
B. Non-commission Officers
-Senior Police Officer IV (SPOIV) Master Sergeant
-Senior Police Officer III (SPOIII) Technical Sergeant
-Senior Police Officer II (SPOII) Staff Sergeant
-Senior Police Officer I (SPOI) Sergeant
-Police Officer III (POIII) Corporal
-Police Officer II (POII) Private First Class
-Police Officer I (POI) Private
B. RANK CLASSIFICATION (NEW)

Rank Classification (Old) Rank Classification (New) A. Commissioned Officers A. Commissioned
Officers
- Police Director General - Police General, PGEN
- Police Deputy Director General - Police Lieutenant General, PLTGEN
- Police Director - Police Major General, PMGEN
- Police Chief Superintendent - Police Brigadier General, PBGEN
- Police Senior Superintendent - Police Colonel, PCOL
- Police Superintendent - Police Lieutenant Colonel, PLTCOL
- Police Chief Inspector - Police Major, PMAJ
- Police Senior Inspector - Police Captain, PCPT
- Police Inspector - Police Lieutenant, PLT
B. Non-commissioned Officers B. Non-commissioned Officers
- Senior Police Officer IV - Police Executive Master Sergeant,
- Senior Police Officer III PEMS
- Senior Police Officer II - Police Chief Master Sergeant, PCMS
- Senior Police Officer I - Police Senior Master Sergeant,
- Police Officer III PSMS
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- Police Officer II - Police Master Sergeant, PMSg - Police Officer I - Police Staff Sergeant, PSSg
- Police Corporal, PCpl - Patrolman/Patrolwoman, Pat
Breakdown:
1 PNP Chief (Director General)
3 Deputy Director General (1 for administration, 1 for operation, 1 Chief of the Directional Staff)
11 Police Director
48 Police Chief Superintendent
PNP SUPPORT UNITS

A. ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT UNITS
1. Crime Laboratory – it provides scientific and technical investigative aid and support to the PNP and
other government investigative agencies.
2. Logistic Unit – shall responsible for the procurement, distribution and management of all logistical
requirements in the PNP including firearms and ammunitions
3. Communications Unit – shall responsible for establishing an effective police communications network
4. Computer Center – shall responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance of a data base
system for the PNP
5. Finance Center – shall responsible for providing finance and budget services for the PNP
6. Civil Security Unit – it provides administrative services and general supervision over the organization,
business operation and activities of all organized private detectives, watchmen, security guard agencies and
company guard forces.
B. OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS
1. Maritime Police Unit – perform all police functions over Philippine territorial waters and rivers.
2. Police Intelligence Unit – it serves as the intelligence and counterintelligence operating unit of the PNP
3. Police Security Unit – provides security for the government, VIP’s visiting dignitaries and private
individuals authorized to be given protection
4. Criminal Investigation Unit – it undertakes the monitoring, investigation and prosecution of all crimes
involving economic sabotage, and other crimes.
5. Special Action Force – the mobile strike force or reaction unit to augment regional, provincial,
municipal and city police forces for civil disturbance control, counter- insurgency, hostage-taking
rescue operations, and other special operations.
6. Narcotics Unit – Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
7. Aviation Security Unit – it secure the country’s airports against offensive and terroristic acts that
threaten civil aviation, exercise operational control and supervision.
8. Traffic management Unit – enforce traffic laws and regulations.
9. Medical and Dental Centers – responsible for providing medical and dental services for the PNP.
P a g e | 33
10. Civil Relations Unit – implement plans and programs that will promote community and citizen’s
participation in the maintenance of peace and order
PNP MANNING LEVEL:

- the approximate police to population ratio
THINGS TO CONSIDER IN MANNING LEVEL:

1. Sate of peace and order
2. Population density
3. Actual demands on service in area.
1:500 Average nationwide manning levels 1:1000 minimum police to population ratio
THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF CITY AND MUNICIPALITY ACCORDING TO POPULATION

CITY Class A – cities with 100,000 population and above Class B – cities with 75,000 up to less than
100,000 Class C – cities with less than 75, 000 population
TOWN Class A – town with 75,000 population and above Class B – town with 30,000 to less than 75,000
Class C – town with less than 30,000 population
ATTRITION SYSTEM
The loss in the personnel of its organization in the normal course of events due to attainment of
maximum tenure in position, relief for just cause, demotion in position or rank, non-promotion, and
retirement.
TYPES OF ATTRITION:
1. Attrition by attainment of Maximum tenure
Officer will be attired if he attained the following tenure:
POSITION MAXIMUM TENURE

1. Chief PNP 4 years
2. Deputy Chief PNP 4 years
3. Director of Staff Services 4 years
4. Regional Director 6 years
P a g e | 34
5. Provincial/City Director 9 years

2. Attrition by relief
- PNP personnel who have been relieved for just cause and not given assignment within 2 years
3. Attrition by demotion in rank or position
- Personnel assigned in a position lower than his grade despite the existence of vacancy within 18
months after the demotion
4. Attrition by non-promotion
- Personnel who has not promoted despite there is vacancy for a period of 10 years.
5. Attrition by retirement
- Personnel who rendered at least 20 years of service
6. Attrition by other means

a. Inefficiency based on poor performance during the last 2 successive annual rating
periods
b. Inefficiency based on poor performance for 3 cumulative annual rating periods
c. Physical and mental incapacity
d. Failure to pass entrance examinations twice or finish required career course
TIME IN GRADE IN A PERMANENT RANK:
Time in grade is a requirement for a specified amount of time that an employee must spend in a grade before
they are eligible for promotion.
1 year – Sr. Supt., Dir., Deputy Director General 3 years – Chief Supt. –
Chief Supt.
5 years -- Chief Inspector – Senior Supt
5 years – Senior Inspector – Chief Inspector
3 years – Inspector – Sr. Inspector
3 years – SPO IV – Inspector
2 years – SPOIII – SPO IV
2 years – SPOII – SPO III
2 years – SPOI – SPO II
2 years – POIII – SPO I
1 year – POII – PO III
1 year – POI – PO II
APPOINTMENT OF PNP OFFICERS AND MEMBERS:
P a g e | 35
1. PO I – SPO IV- PNP Regional Director for regional personnel- PNP Chief for national personnel.
2. Inspector – Superintendent – Chief PNP as recommended by their immediate superior.
3. Senior Superintendent to Deputy Dir. Gen. – President upon recommendation of the Chief PNP.
4. Director General – President, from among the most senior officers down to the rank of Chief
Superintendent in the service.
PROMOTIONAL SYSTEM:
Is an act or instance of elevating personnel from a lower to a higher rank or position.
KINDS OF PROMOTION
1. Regular Promotion Requirements:
a. Successfully passed the promotional examination given by the commission
b. Satisfactorily completed the appropriate and accredited course in the PNPA and training
institutions
c. Satisfactorily passed the psychiatric, psychological and drug tests
d. No pending administrative and criminal case
e. Cleared by the People’s law enforcement board
2. Special Promotion
Given to PNP a personnel who has exhibited acts of conspicuous courage and gallantry at the risk of his life
above and beyond the call of duty shall be promoted to the next higher rank.
3. Lateral Entry
• All original appointments of commissioned officers in the PNP shall commence with the rank of
inspector to include all those with highly technical qualifications applying for the PNP technical
services, such as dentists, optometrists, nurses, engineers, criminologists and graduates of forensic
science.
• Doctors of medicine, members of the BAR and Chaplains shall be appointed to the rank of senior
inspector in their particular technical service.
REQUIRED MANDATORY SCHOOLINGS FOR PROMOTION:

1. Police Chief Superintendent to Police Director
- Officer Senior Executive Course (OSEC), MNSA or allied related master’s degree
P a g e | 36
2. Police Superintendent to Police Senior Superintendent - General Staff Course (GSC)
3. Chief Inspector
- Officer Advance Course (OAC)
4. Senior Inspector
- Officer Basic Course (OBC)
5. Inspector
- Officer Candidate Course (OCC)
6. SPO II – SPO IV
- Senior Leadership Course (SLC)
7. SPO I – SPOII
- Junior Leadership Course (JLC)
8. PO I – PO III
- Police Basic Course (PBC)
PNP RETIREMENT:
1. COMPULSORY RETIREMENT
 Retirement for officer and non-officer of the PNP upon the attainment of 56 years old, even without
reaching 20 years in the service.
2. OPTIONAL RETIREMENT
• Accumulation of at least 20 years of satisfactory active service, even without reaching 56 years old.
Retirement in the Next Higher Grade

• Uniformed personnel covered under this Act shall, for purposes of retirement pay, be retired in one (1)
grade higher than the permanent grade last held.
• Provided, that they have served for at least one (1) year of active service in the permanent grade.
P a g e | 37
DISCIPLINARY MECHANISMS
INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE (IAS)

- created by RA 8551
FUNCTIONS OF THE IAS

1) pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on PNP personnel and units;
2) investigate complaints and gather evidence in support of an open investigation;
3) conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges;
4) submit a periodic report on the assessment, analysis, and evaluation of the character and behavior of
PNP personnel and units to the Chief PNP and the Commission;
5) file appropriate criminal cases against PNP members before the court as evidence warrants and assists
in the prosecution of the case;
6) provide assistance to the Office of the Ombudsman in cases involving the personnel of the PNP;
The IAS shall also conduct, motu propJI9io (on its own initiative), automatic investigation of the following
cases:
1) incidents where a police personnel discharges a firearm;

2) incidents where death, serious physical injury, or any violation of human rights occurred in the conduct
of a police operation;
3) incidents where evidence was compromised, tampered with, obliterated, or lost while in the custody
of police personnel;
4) incidents where a suspect in the custody of the police was seriously injured; and
5) incidents where the established rules of engagement have been violated.
The IAS shall recommend promotion of the members of the PNP or the assignment of PNP personnel to
any key position.
ORGANIZATION OF IAS
- headed by the INSPECTOR GENERAL who is a CIVILIAN and appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Director General (Chief, PNP)
- the Inspector General shall be assisted by a Deputy Inspector General
- there shall be national, regional and provincial offices
- the national office shall be headed by the Inspector General, the regional offices by a Director, and
the provincial offices by a Superintendent
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ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS TO IAS

1) entry shall be voluntary
2) PNP personnel with at least five (5) years experience in law enforcement
3) with no derogatory service record
4) members of the bar may enter the service laterally
CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND INCENTIVES

- IAS personnel shall be granted occupational specialty pay which shall not exceed FIFTY PERCENT (50%)
of his base pay
- IAS personnel shall also have priorities in the quota allocation for training and education
DISCIPLINARY RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE IAS

- any PNP personnel found guilty of any of the cases mentioned and any immediate superior found
negligent shall be recommended automatically for dismissal or demotion
- recommendation by the IAS, once final, cannot be revised, set-aside or unduly delayed without just
cause
- decisions rendered by the provincial inspectors shall be forwarded to the regional office for review
within ten (10) days
- decisions of the regional office may be appealed to the national
office
P a g e | 39
decisions rendered by the national IAS shall be appealed to the National Appellate Board
PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB)

- a body created pursuant to RA 6975
- one of the disciplinary authorities of the PNP authorized to handle and investigate citizen’s
complaint
- the central receiving entity for any citizen’s complaint against the PNP members
- shall be created by the sangguniang panlungssod/bayan in every city and municipality as may be
necessary
- there shall be at least one (1) PLEB for every five hundred (500) city or municipal police personnel
- membership in the PLEB is a civic duty
COMPOSITION OF PLEB
- PLEB shall be composed of five (5) members who shall be as follows:
any member of the sangguniang panlungsod/bayan any barangay chairman of the locality
concerned three other members to be chosen by the local peace and order council from among
the members of the community
- for the three other members, the following conditions must be met: one must be a woman one
must be a lawyer, or a college graduate, or the principal of an elementary school in the locality
- the CHAIRMAN of the PLEB shall be elected from among its members
- the term of office of the members of the PLEB is THREE (3) YEARS
PROCEDURE IN THE PLEB

- the procedure shall be summary in nature, conducted in accordance with due process but without
strict regard to technical rules of evidence
cases handled by PLEB shall be decided by majority votes of its members
- each case shall be decided within SIXTY (60) DAYS from the time it has been filed with the PLEB
- the decision of the PLEB shall become final and executory, except for decisions involving demotion
or dismissal from the service
- decisions involving demotion or dismissal from the service may be appealed with the REGIONAL
APPELLATE BOARD within TEN
(10) DAYS from receipt of the copy of the decision
P a g e | 40
ADMINISTRATIVE DISCIPLINARY MACHINERIES IN THE PNP
A) CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS
- pertains to any complaint initiated by a private citizen or his duly authorized representative on account
of an injury, damage or disturbance sustained due to an irregular or illegal act committed by a
member of the PNP
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS
1) CHIEF OF POLICE
- where the offense is punishable by withholding of privileges, restriction to specified limits, suspension
or forfeiture of salary, or any combination thereof, for a period not exceeding FIFTEEN (15) DAYS
2) CITY/MUNICIPAL MAYORS
or forfeiture of salary, or any combination thereof, for a period not less than SIXTEEN but not
exceeding THIRTY (30) DAYS
3) PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB)

or forfeiture of salary, or any combination thereof, for a period exceeding THIRTY (30) DAYS, or by
DISMISSAL
B) BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE

refers to any offense committed by a member of the PNP involving and affecting order and
discipline within the police organization
MINOR OFFENSE
- shall refer to an act or omission not involving moral turpitude but affecting the internal discipline of the
PNP, and shall include but not be limited to:
a) simple misconduct or negligence
b) insubordination
c) frequent absences or tardiness
d) habitual drunkenness
e) gambling prohibited by law
P a g e | 41
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE
1) CHIEF OF POLICE
- may impose the administrative punishment of admonition or reprimand; restriction to specified limits;
withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension; or any combination of the foregoing
for a period NOT EXCEEDING FIFTEEN (15) DAYS
2) PROVINCIAL DIRECTORS
withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension; or any combination of the foregoing
for a period NOT EXCEEDING THIRTY (30) DAYS
3) REGIONAL DIRECTORS
withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension; demotion; or any combination of the
foregoing for a period NOT EXCEEDING SIXTY (60) DAYS
4) CHIEF OF THE PNP

- shall have the power to impose the disciplinary punishment of dismissal from the service; suspension
or forfeiture of salary; demotion; or any combination of the foregoing for a period NOT
EXCEEDING ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY (180) DAYS
P a g e | 42
SUMMARY DISMISSAL POWERS

- the NAPOLCOM, PNP Chief and Regional Directors have summary dismissal powers in
any of the following cases: 1) when the charge is serious and the evidence of guilt is
strong
2) when the respondent is a recidivist or has been repeatedly charged and there
are reasonable grounds to believe that he is guilty of the charges; and
3) when the respondent is guilty of a serious offense involving conduct unbecoming
of a police officer
DISCIPLINARY APPELATE BOARDS

- formal administrative disciplinary appellate machinery of the National Police
Commission
- tasked to hear cases on appeal from the different disciplinary
authorities in the PNP
- composed of the following: 1) NATIONAL
APPELLATE BOARD
o shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the PNP
Chief and the National Internal Affairs Service o shall be composed of the four
(4) regular commissioners and shall be chaired by the executive officer
2) REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
o shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the Regional Director,
Provincial Director, Chief of Police, the city or municipal mayor and the PLEB
o there shall be at least one (1) regional appellate board per administrative region
FORUM SHOPPING
- Multiple filing of complaints.
- When an administrative complaint is filed with a police disciplinary authority, no other
case involving the same cause of action shall be filed with any other disciplinary
authority.
AWOL – Absence Without Official Leave

- Any member of the PNP who shall go on AWOL for a continuous period of 30 days or
more shall be dismissed immediately from the service.
P a g e | 43
DISCIPLINARY APPELLATE BOARDS

1. NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD – consider appeals from decisions of the Chief of PNP.
2. REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD – consider appeals from decisions of the regional

directors, other officials, mayors, and the PLEB
ADD ON:
WOMEN’S DESK:
- Administer cases involving crimes against chastity, sexual harassment, abuses
committed against women and children and other similar offenses.
- All complaints and reports under the Women’s Desk shall be written in a separate
blotter book known as the “PINK BOOK” or “PINK BLOTTER BOOK”
PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL EXECUTIVES IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE PNP

a. PROVINCIAL GOVERNOR
1. Shall choose the PNP Provincial Director from a list recommended by the PNP
Regional Director
2. Serve as a chairman of the Provincial Peace and Order Council and oversee the
implementation of the Provincial Public Safety Plan
b. CITY AND MUNICIPAL MAYORS

1. Shall serve the operational supervision and control over the PNP in their respective
jurisdiction
2. Shall develop and establish an integrated area public safety plans
3. Shall have the power to impose notice and summary hearing for minor offenses
committed by the PNP in their respective jurisdiction
4. Authorize to choose the Chief of Police from a list recommended by the Provincial
Director
5. Authorize to recommend the transfer, reassignment or details of PNP members
outside of their area
6. Authorize to recommend the appointment of new member of the PNP to be
assigned in their area.
P a g e | 44
SALIENT PROVISIONS OF
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9263
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF THE BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION

(BFP) AND THE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY.
This Act shall be known as the "Bureau of Fire Protection and

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Professionalization Act of 2004."
The BFP and the BJMP shall be respectively headed by a Chief who shall be assisted by
two (2) deputy chiefs, one (1) for administration and one (1) for operations, all of whom shall be
appointed by the President upon recommendation of the Secretary of the DILG from among the
qualified officers with at least the rank of senior superintendent in the service.
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION (BFP)

- created by virtue of RA 6975
- initially composed of the officers and uniformed members of the fire service of the
former Integrated National Police
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BFP

1) shall be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires on
buildings, houses and other structures, forests, land transportation vehicles and
equipment, ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves or anchored in major
seaports, petroleum industry installations, plane crashes and other similar incidents
2) shall be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines and
other similar laws
3) shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires, and if necessary, file the
proper complaints with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over
the case
P a g e | 45
0RGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION

- shall be headed by a CHIEF, with the rank of DIRECTOR, to be assisted by a DEPUTY
CHIEF with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be composed of provincial offices, district offices and city or municipal fire stations
- at the provincial level, there shall be an OFFICE OF THE PROVINCIAL FIRE MARSHALL
- in case of large provinces, there shall be DISTRICT OFFICES to be headed by a DISTRICT
FIRE MARSHALL at the city or municipal level, there shall be a FIRE STATION each headed by a
CITY OR MUNICIPAL FIRE MARSHALL.
BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY (BJMP)

- initially composed by the officers and uniformed members of the former Jail Management and
Penology Service
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BJMP

- shall exercise supervision and control over all city and municipal jails; however, the provincial
jails shall be supervised and controlled by the provincial governor within his jurisdiction
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION

- shall be headed by a CHIEF with the rank of DIRECTOR, to be assisted by a DEPUTY
CHIEF with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be composed of city and municipal jails each headed by a city or municipal jail
warden
A. Rank Classification
BUREAU OF FIRE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND

PROTECTION (BFP) PENOLOGY (BJMP) Fire Director Jail Director
Fire Chief Superintendent Jail Chief Superintendent
Fire Senior Superintendent Jail Senior Superintendent
Fire Superintendent Jail Superintendent
Fire Chief Inspector Jail Chief Inspector
P a g e | 46
Fire Senior Inspector Jail Senior Inspector Fire Inspector Jail

Inspector
Senior Jail Officer IV Senior Jail Officer IV
Senior Jail Officer III Senior Jail Officer III
Senior Jail Officer II Senior Jail Officer II
Senior Jail Officer I Senior Jail Officer I
Fire Officer III Fire Officer III
Fire Officer II Fire Officer II
Fire Officer I Fire Officer I
B. Rank and Position
RANK POSITION
Fire/Jail Director Chief of Fire Bureau/Chief of Jail Bureau
Fire/Jail Chief Superintendent 1. Deputy Chief for Administration of the Fire Bureau
Deputy Chief for Administration of the
Jail Bureau
2. Deputy Chief for Operation of Fire
Bureau
Deputy Chief for Operation of Jail
Bureau
3. Chief of Directorial Staff of the Fire
Bureau
Chief of Directorial Staff of the Jail
Bureau
Fire/Jail Senior 1. Directors of the directorates Fire/Jail
Superintendent Bureau
2. Regional Director for Fire Protection
Regional Director of Jail Management
and Penology
Fire/Jail Superintendent 1. Assistant Regional Director for
Administration
2. Assistant Regional Director for
Operations
3. Regional Chief of Directorial Staff
C. Appointment of Uniformed Personnel to the BFP and the BJMP.
P a g e | 47
RANK APPOINTEE REMARKS

Fire/Jail Officer I to 1. Regional Director for BFP Attested by the
Senior Fire/Jail Officer IV Regional Director for BJMP Civil Service
2. Chief of the Jail Bureau for Commission
the national headquarters
Fire/Jail Inspector to 1 . Chief of the Fire Bureau Recommended
Fire/Jail Superintendent Chief of the Jail Bureau by their
immediate
superiors, and
attested by the
CSC
Fire/Jail Senior Secretary of the DILG Recommended
Superintendent by respective
Chief of the BFP
and Chief of the
BJMP, with the
proper
attestation of
the CSC
Fire/ Jail Chief President Recommended
Superintendent to by the
Fire/Jail Director Secretary of the
DILG, with the
proper
endorsement
by the
Chairman of
the CSC
SEC. 7. Professionalization and Upgrading of Qualification Standards in the Designation of

Uniformed Personnel of the BFP and the BJMP to Key Positions.
No person shall be designated to the following key positions of the BFP and the BJMP
unless he/she has met the qualifications provided therein:
POSITION RANK/QUALIFICATIONS
Municipal Fire Marshal - Senior Inspector
- Must have finished at least second year
P a g e | 48
Bachelor of Laws or earned at least twelve (12) units in a

master's degree program.
City Fire Marshal - Chief Senior Inspector
- Must have finished at least second year
Bachelor of Laws or earned at least twenty
four (24) units in a master's degree program.
District Fire Marshal, - Superintendent
Provincial Fire Marshal, - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or Assistant
Regional Director a holder of a mater's degree in public for Administration, Assistant
administration.
Regional Director for Operations and
Regional Chief of Directorial Staff.
District Fire Marshal for the - Senior superintendent
National Capital Region, - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or Regional Director
for Fire a holder of master's degree. Protection and Director of the Directorate of
the National Headquarters Office.
Deputy Chief for - Superintendent
Administration of the Fire - Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or
Bureau, Deputy Chief for a holder of a master's degree in public
Operations of the Fire administration Bureau
and Chief Directorial Staff of the Fire Bureau.
Chief of the Fire Bureau - Director
- Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or a holder of
a master's degree in public administration
No person shall be designated to the following key positions of the BJMP unless he/she
has met the qualification provided therein:
POSITION RANK/QUALIFICATIONS
Municipal Jail Warden -Chief Inspector
- Who have finished at least second year
Bachelor of Laws or earned at least twelve
(12) units in a master' degree program in management.
City Jail Warden - Chief Inspector
- Must have finished at least second year Bachelor of
Laws or earned at least twenty
four (24) units in master's degree program
in management
District Jail Warden, - Senior Superintendent
P a g e | 49
Provincial Jail Administrator, - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or Assistant Regional

Director a holder of a master's degree.
for Administration, Assistant Regional
Director for
Operations and Regional
Chief of Directorial Staff
Regional Director for Jail - Senior Superintendent
Management and Penology - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or and Director of the
a holder of a master's degree.
Directorate of the National
Headquarters Office
Deputy Chief for - Senior Superintendent
Administration of the Jail - Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or Bureau, Deputy
Chief for a holder of a master's degree. Operations of the Jail Bureau and Chief of
Directorial Staff of the Jail Bureau.
Chief of the Jail Bureau - Director
- Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or a holder of
a master's degree in management
RA 9263 - Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Professionalization Act of 2004
- approved on 10 March 2004
- provided for the professionalization of the BFP and
BJMP
RA 9592 – amendatory law to RA 9263

- approved on 8 May 2009
amended the provision on the minimum educational qualification.
PHILIPPINE PUBLIC SAFETY COLLEGE (PPSC)

P a g e | 50
FUNCTION OF THE PPSC

- shall be the premier educational institution for the training, human resource development and
continuing education of all personnel of the PNP, BFP and BJMP
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION

- shall be under the direct supervision of a Board of Trustees composed of the Secretary
of the DILG and the three (3) bureau heads (PNP, BFP and BJMP)
- shall consist of the Philippine National Police Academy, the National Police College, the
Philippine National Training Institute and other training centers as may be created
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

1) formulate and implement training programs for the personnel of the Department;
2) establish and maintain adequate physical training facilities;
3) develop and implement research and development to support
educational training programs;
4) conduct an assessment of the training needs of the bureaus;
5) perform such other related functions as may be prescribed by the Secretary
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY (PNPA)

- created pursuant to Section 13 of Presidential Decree No 1184
- a primary component of the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC)
- the premier educational institution for future officers of the Philippine National Police
(PNP), Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
(BJMP)
- upon completion of training, graduates will be conferred the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Public Safety (BSPS) and appointed as Police/Fire/Jail Inspector
REFERENCES:
Oscar G. S., Police Organization and Administration with Police Planning and
RA.6975 and RA. 8551,
Atty. D. B. ,Criminology Licensure Examination Reviewer Vol. 1 (Police
P a g e | 51
Organization and Administration with Police Planning),
Badua J. B, Police Personnel and Record Management,
Dean Guevara R., Police Organization and Administration with Police Planning,
P/Sr. Insp. Williard Dela Cruz Viñas
- Republic Act No. 9263 & Republic Act No. 1086

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Page|1

LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

(History of Policing System)

THE MEANING OF THE TERM “POLICE”

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

DIFFERENT POLICE ACTIVITIES

THE EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM

d. HUE AND CRY

e. ROYAL JUDGE System

2. NORMAN PERIOD OF POLICING (1066-1285)

• He was assisted by a group of constables, the forerunner of the constabulary.

e. June 15, 1215

3. DURING THE WESTMINSTER PERIOD

c. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

d. STAR CHAMBER COURT

4. MODERN PERIOD OF POLICING

3. SIR ROBERT PEEL (1829)

4. 1811, FRANCE: EUGENE “FRANCOIS” VIDOCQ

5. AMERICAN POLICE SYSTEM

2. Development of American municipal (rural and city) police force

3. Development of State Police Force in America

4. Development of US Federal Police Force

6. EVOLUTION OF POLICE SERVICE IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING

A. Policing System during the Spanish Regime.

1. CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICO (Mounted Police)

B. During the Japanese Occupation

3. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT (MPD)

5. REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1917

3. On September 18, 1966, Republic Act No. 4864 otherwise known as

 COL ANTONIO TORRES

 COL LAMBERTO JAVALERA

 P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO

General Concept of Police Service

The Principles of Law Enforcement enunciated by Sir Robert Peel

The Principles of Police Organization

Principles of Hierarchy of Authority

THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

2. Home Rule Theory

POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

TITLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS

 A time division of the day for purposes assignment

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT?

WHAT ARE THE DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN GOALS AND OBJECTIVES?

TRADITIONAL ORGANIZATION THEORY

2. GENERAL MANAGEMENT THEORY – by Henri Fayo

3. BUREAUCRATIC MODEL OF ORGANIZATION – by Max Weber

4. THE SCIENCE OF ADMINISTRATION – by Luther Gulick and Lyndal Urwick

THE FOLLOWING ARE DIFFERENT STAFFING ACTIVITIES:

WHAT IS THE NEXT-IN-RANK-RULE IN RELATION TO SELECTION?

5. THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION – by Mooney and Reiley

FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION 1) PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS

ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION 1) OPERATIONAL UNITS

Types of Organization Structures

FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Personnel Training Juvenile Traffic

Line Officers and Employees

C. LINE AND STAFF ORGANIZATION