Gunnar Goes Pillaging

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Gunnar Goes Pillaging


Moderate Level Maths Paper

Optional time limit: 1 hour

This sample paper shows the style of maths resources available from 11 Plus
Lifeline. For more resources (including more challenging papers), visit
www.11pluslifeline.com. Detailed solutions begin on page 19.

1. 886 + 224

Answer: ................................... (2)

2. 886 − 294

Answer: ................................... (2)

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3. 243 × 7

Answer: ................................... (2)

4. 3492 ÷ 9

Answer: ................................... (2)

5. Write these numbers from smallest to largest:


4� 0.4 0.6 84%
19
5 25

Answer: ....................................................................................... (3)

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6. Complete the following sequences. (10)

(a) 58 71 84 …… 110 ……

(b) 169 144 121 100 …… ……

(c) −11 −5 3 …… 25 ……

(d) 3 2 5 4 7 …… ……

(e) -1 -11 -12 -23 -35 …… ……

7. How much greater is three and a sixth than one and three quarters?

Write your answer as a fraction.

Answer: ................................... (3)

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8. An Oscar statuette is 34.29cm tall.

(a) Which of the following describes the position of the digit 2 in the
number above?

Circle the correct answer. (1)

units tens hundredths

hundreds tenths thousandths

thousands

(b) Round the number 34.29 to the nearest tenth.

Answer: ................................... (1)

(c) The actor Bread Pith has a giant copy of the Oscar statuette made
for his sitting room.

His copy is 700% the height of the original.

How much taller is the copy than the original? Write your answer
in millimetres.

Answer: ................................... (3)

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9. Here are four variations of the word INTERVIEW.

(a) Which one of the options above is an accurate rotation of the word
INTERVIEW?

Write “(i)”, “(ii)”, “(iii)” or “(iv)”.

Answer: ................................... (1)

(b) Which two of the options above are reflections of the word
INTERVIEW?

Answer: ............. and ….......... (2)

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10. West Hogrotshire County Council conducts a survey to discover


how schoolchildren in the county travel to school.

The survey involves asking a random sample of 600 children how


they travelled to school that morning.

The results are given in the following pie chart, which is not drawn
to scale.

Exactly half of the children surveyed travelled to school by


petrol/diesel car or by bus.

Bicycle

Petrol/Diesel Car

Electric Car
68°

60°

Walking
Bus

(a) What is the angle of the section representing children who


travelled to school by bicycle?

Answer: ................................... (1)


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(b) What fraction of the children surveyed travelled to school by


petrol/diesel car?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(c) How many of the children surveyed travelled to school by bus?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(d) There are 45,000 schoolchildren in West Hogrotshire.

Using the information in the pie chart, estimate as accurately as


possible how many of these children travelled to school by electric
car on the day of the survey.

Answer: ................................... (2)

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11. (a) Write seven twentieths as a decimal.

Answer: ................................... (2)

(b) Write three sixteenths as a percentage.

Answer: ................................... (3)

12. (a) A train leaves Hamburg at 20:26 and arrives in Bozen at 07:49 the
next morning.

How long does the journey last in hours and minutes?

Answer: ................................... (2)

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(b) A train leaves Nice at 12:30pm on Saturday. It arrives in


Vladivostok 8 days, 13 hours and 42 minutes later.

Nice Vladivostok

Vladivostok is 8 hours ahead of Nice: when it is midnight in Nice, it


is 8am in Vladivostok.

At what time and on which day of the week will the train arrive in
Vladivostok?

Give your answer in Vladivostok’s local time.

Answer: ................................... (3)

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13. Gunnar the Viking works out that if he pillages 25 monastic


candlesticks worth 24 silver pennies each, he will exceed his
monthly target by 20 silver pennies.

(a) What is Gunnar’s monthly target for pillaging? Give your


answer in silver pennies.

Answer: ................................... (2)

(b) If Gunnar pillages only 20 monastic candlesticks, he can reach


his monthly target exactly by also taking four slaves.

By what percentage is a slave more valuable than a monastic


candlestick?

Give your answer to the nearest whole percent.

Answer: ................................... (5)

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14. What fraction of the numbers from 1 to 30 inclusive are not prime,
square or cube numbers?

Answer: ................................... (2)

15. It takes a watchmaker eight days to make a watch.

How long would it take six watchmakers to make 30 watches?

You should assume that it takes each watchmaker exactly the same
length of time to make a watch.

Answer: ................................... (3)

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16. The bar chart and table show the number of cows on Farmer Steve’s
farm on June 1st each year, for five years. Some data is missing.

Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Cows 24 30 58
……… ………

60
55
50
45
Cows
40
35
30
25
20
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year

(a) Complete the entries for 2016 in the table and 2015 in the bar
chart. (2)

(b) The mean number of cows is 39.

Complete the table and the bar chart by adding the correct data for
2018. (4)

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17. Tiger Woods decides to build a crazy golf course in his garden.

He does not like any form of irregularity, so insists that every corner
must be a right-angle.

The rest of Tiger’s garden is a rectangular grass lawn.

13m Not to
scale
𝑤𝑤

5m
6m
𝑤𝑤 𝑤𝑤
2m 30m
𝑤𝑤
4m

𝑤𝑤

8m

56m
(a) What is the length 𝑤𝑤?

Answer: ................................... (2)

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(b) What is the perimeter of the crazy golf course?

Answer: ................................... (3)

(c) What is the area of the crazy golf course?

Answer: ................................... (3)

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(d) What is the area of the grass lawn?

Answer: ................................... (3)

(e) Tiger’s greatest ambition is to complete the course perfectly: that


is, by sending the ball from one end of the course to the other,
exactly down the middle:

If Tiger manages to complete the course perfectly, what distance


will the ball travel? Ignore any bumps: assume that the ball follows
a flat course, rolling along the ground.

Answer: ................................... (3)

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18. I have a draw containing 50 socks, which are not paired.

80% are blue. 60% of these are striped and the rest are spotty.

The rest of my socks are yellow with white stars.

(a) How many of my socks are blue and striped?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(b) What percentage of my socks are blue and spotty?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(c) How many socks do I need to take out in order to be certain that
I will have at least one matching pair?

Answer: ................................... (2)

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19. I have 6 sunflowers in my garden. Their heights, to the nearest cm,


are 135cm, 210cm, 212cm, 184cm, 215cm and 100cm.

(a) What is the mean height of my sunflowers?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(b) What is the range of my sunflowers’ heights?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(c) What is the median height of my sunflowers?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(d) By what percentage is my largest sunflower taller than my


smallest?

Answer: ................................... (2)

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(e) If I round each height to the nearest 10cm, what is the new modal
height?

Answer: ................................... (2)

(f) I’m very jealous of my neighbour’s sunflower.

She’s on holiday, so later on the day when I take the measurements


given above, I sneak into her garden, dig the flower up and steal it.
I add it to my sunflower patch: out of sight from her house, in the
place where my hedge is tallest.

Now the mean height of my sunflowers is 202cm, which makes me


very happy.

What is the height of the stolen sunflower?

Answer: ................................... (3)

Total 100 marks

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Marking Guide

The following solutions focus on the maths needed to answer each question.
Here is a simple guide to marking, which should lead to a fair and broadly
accurate overall score. Not all schools will mark in exactly this way (for
example, some won’t remove a mark for missing units, and others won’t use
half marks), but a student who can work to this marking style will be prepared
for any exam.

A correct answer with correct units (£, kg, etc.) will get full marks, irrespective
of the student’s working out – or lack of it – unless the question directly asks
for working to be provided.

If units are missing, a mark should be deducted; half a mark if it is a one-mark


question.

If the answer is slightly wrong but the working is almost completely correct,
deduct only one mark. (Your working might be different from my suggested
method, but still be valid.)

If the answer is wrong and the working is substantially wrong, look for
correct moments in the working: for example, the first stage of the method is
right, after which it veers off course. Correct moments in a substantially wrong
answer might together be worth up to half a mark in a two-mark question, one
mark in a three-mark question, two marks in a four-mark question, and so on.

If an answer requires drawing, deduct marks when the drawing is so messy or


inaccurate that the answer can no longer reasonably be called correct – for
example, if a line does not pass through a specified coordinate, or if it is
supposed to be straight but bends noticeably.

Follow-through marking

If the answer to e.g. part (b) of a question is based on an incorrect answer from
part (a), but is otherwise correct, award (b) full marks: a single mistake shouldn’t
be penalised again in a different section of the same question. (If the student makes
the same mistake again in (b), of course that’s a different matter!)

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Solutions

1. 886 + 224 (2)

Be careful to line up your columns exactly, and to write large enough


digits that you have space to write the carried numbers clearly.

2. 886 − 294 (2)

As 8 is smaller than 9, you must take ten from the next column (changing
8 in the left-hand column into 7), giving you 18 from which to subtract 9.

3. 243 × 7 (2)

This ought to be fairly simple, but take care!

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Having excellent times tables will save you a lot of time in maths exams
and help you to avoid mistakes. The 7-times table is a good example of
one which many people do not know as well as they might!

4. 3492 ÷ 9 (2)

9 goes into 34 three times (9 × 3 = 27), with 7 left over. This 7 carries,
making 79; and so on.

5. Write these numbers from smallest to largest: (3)


4� 0.4 0.6 84%
19
5 25

Notice how I translate each number into a decimal for easy comparison.

Make sure that you write each number in your answer in its original
form.

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6. Complete the following sequences. (10)

(a) 58 71 84 …… 110 ……

(b) 169 144 121 100 …… ……

(c) −11 −5 3 …… 25 ……

(d) 3 2 5 4 7 …… ……

(e) -1 -11 -12 -23 -35 …… ……

Writing differences makes most sequences straightforward. By this point


in the 11 Plus Lifeline course, you have learnt how much this method
helps!

You could treat (d) as two overlapping sequences: 3, 5, 7… involves


adding 2 each time, and 2, 4… also involves adding 2 … or does it?

Because you only have two numbers for the second sequence, how do you
know that it will carry on like this, and that it won’t be 2, 4, 8, 16… or
something of that sort?

However, if you treat the sequence as a whole, the pattern of −1, +3, −1,
+3 is enough for you to write the next two numbers with confidence.

(e), meanwhile, is the trickiest sequence here because writing differences


won’t help you. Instead, you need to notice that each term is formed by
adding the two previous numbers. For this reason, there is no rule linking
the first two terms, −1 and −11.

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7. How much greater is three and a sixth than one and three quarters?

Write your answer as a fraction. (3)

or

This problem is simplest if you first convert the two mixed numbers into
improper fractions.

This makes the subtraction simple, especially if you recognise that the two
denominators, 6 and 4, are factors of 12.

8. An Oscar statuette is 34.29cm tall.

(a) Which of the following describes the position of the digit 2 in the
number above?

Circle the correct answer. (1)

The number could be expressed as “three tens, four units, two tenths and
nine hundredths”.

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(b) Round the number 34.29 to the nearest tenth. (1)

Because the 2 is followed by 9 hundredths, you need to round up to 3


tenths.

Remember: 5 or above rounds up.

(c) The actor Bread Pith has a giant copy of the Oscar statuette made
for his sitting room.

His copy is 700% the height of the original.

How much taller is the copy than the original? Write your answer
in millimetres. (3)

If it is 700% (or 7 times) the height of the original, the new statue is taller
by 6 times its height.

• Remember that there are 10mm in a cm!

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9. Here are four variations of the word INTERVIEW.

(a) Which one of the options above is an accurate rotation of the word
INTERVIEW?

Write “(i)”, “(ii)”, “(iii)” or “(iv)”. (1)

Look how the original word can be rotated to give option (iv):

(b) Which two of the options above are reflections of the word
INTERVIEW? (2)

and

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10. West Hogrotshire County Council conducts a survey to discover


how schoolchildren in the county travel to school.

The survey involves asking a random sample of 600 children how


they travelled to school that morning.

The results are given in the following pie chart, which is not drawn
to scale.

Exactly half of the children surveyed travelled to school by


petrol/diesel car or by bus.

Bicycle

Petrol/Diesel Car

Electric Car
68°

60°

Walking
Bus

(a) What is the angle of the section representing children who


travelled to school by bicycle? (1)

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Because the total of children who came to school in a petrol/diesel car or


a bus is represented by 180° (half the children), and those who walked
occupy 90° (a right-angle), there are 90° left.

68 of these 90° represent electric car journeys: there are 22° remaining.

(b) What fraction of the children surveyed travelled to school by


petrol/diesel car? (2)

We know from the question that petrol/diesel car and bus journeys
combine to give half the overall total: 180°.

Without the bus journeys (60°), we have 120° of this left.

120° is 1�3 of 360°.

(c) How many of the children surveyed travelled to school by bus?


(2)

60° is 1�6 of 360°, and we know that there were 600 children surveyed.

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(d) There are 45,000 schoolchildren in West Hogrotshire.

Using the information in the pie chart, estimate as accurately as


possible how many of these children travelled to school by electric
car on the day of the survey. (2)

Using the same method as in (b) and (c), we find that the fraction of
children arriving by electic car was 17�90 . Unfortunately, this can’t be
simplified further.

We can estimate the total number of children in the county who came by
electric car if we assume that the “random sample of 600 children” have a
similar pattern of behaviour to the rest of the 45,000 children in the
county.

It’s a good-sized sample, so that isn’t an unreasonable thing to assume.


17� of 45,000 looks like a difficult calculation, but a bit of cancelling
90
makes it fairly easy:

• The 0 of 90 and the last 0 of 45,000 cancel, giving 9 and 4,500.


• 9 goes into 45 5 times, so 9 goes into 4500 500 times.

500 × 17 is a straightforward multiplication.

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11. (a) Write seven twentieths as a decimal. (2)

You could also solve this using division: divide 7.00 by 20, or (even more
straightforwardly) 0.70 by 2. This method is used in the second solution
for part (b).

(b) Write three sixteenths as a percentage. (3)

or

The first method involves multiplying or dividing the top and bottom of
the fraction (when you multiply or divide the bottom by a certain amount,
you must always do the same to the top), until you have a fraction over
100: a percentage.

The second method, division, is always available to you.

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12. (a) A train leaves Hamburg at 20:26 and arrives in Bozen at 07:49 the
next morning.

How long does the journey last in hours and minutes? (2)

Always write a timeline when you need to find time differences involving
a mixture of hours, minutes and seconds. Time is not divided up in
groups of 100, so ordinary subtraction can lead you into big problems!

Just remember to convert any number of minutes above (and including)


60 into hours and minutes. Writing “10 hours 83 minutes” would be an
unfortunate way to lose a mark.

(b) A train leaves Nice at 12:30pm on Saturday. It arrives in


Vladivostok 8 days, 13 hours and 42 minutes later.

Vladivostok is 8 hours ahead of Nice: when it is midnight in Nice, it


is 8am in Vladivostok.

At what time and on which day of the week will the train arrive in
Vladivostok?

Give your answer in Vladivostok’s local time. (3)

Nice

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If you break your solution into clear steps, it’s unlikely to cause you any
problems.

13. Gunnar the Viking works out that if he pillages 25 monastic


candlesticks worth 24 silver pennies each, he will exceed his
monthly target by 20 silver pennies.

(a) What is Gunnar’s monthly target for pillaging? Give your


answer in silver pennies. (2)

You will probably get away with not writing “silver pennies” (they aren’t
a standard unit!), but don’t take the risk.

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(b) If Gunnar pillages only 20 monastic candlesticks, he can reach


his monthly target exactly by also taking four slaves.

By what percentage is a slave more valuable than a monastic


candlestick?

Give your answer to the nearest whole percent. (5)

You’ll notice that I’ve abbreviated “silver pennies” to “s.p.” to save myself
time. If this unit were needed in the answer, I would write “silver
pennies”.

We know from (a) that Gunnar’s pillaging target is 580 silver pennies.

20 candlesticks are worth 480 s.p.

This leaves 100 s.p., which we are told is the exact value of 4 slaves.

We aren’t told that every slave is worth the same, but because the question
only works if this is the case, we should assume that it is true.

In this case, each slave is worth 100�4 or 25 s.p.

A candlestick is worth 24 s.p.

1 silver penny added to 24 silver pennies is an increase of 1�24 .

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Dividing 1 by 24, we get the decimal 0.041…, which is 4% to the nearest


whole percent: zero units, zero tenths and four hundredths, with a digit
afterwards which is less than 5.

• It’s essential to calculate one decimal place further than the “4”: if
the decimal had been 0.045, the answer would have been 5%,
because the 5 would have caused the 4 to round up.

14. What fraction of the numbers from 1 to 30 inclusive are not prime,
square or cube numbers? (2)

You don’t necessarily have to list all the numbers, but it is the best way to
avoid mistakes.

I’ve written “S” for square numbers, “C” for cube numbers and “P” for
prime numbers. Of course, 1 is both square and cube.

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15. It takes a watchmaker eight days to make a watch.

How long would it take six watchmakers to make 30 watches?

You should assume that it takes each watchmaker exactly the same
length of time to make a watch. (3)

Always draw a table for this sort of question! It makes things so easy.

• If 1 watchmaker takes 8 days to make 1 watch, to make 30 watches


will take them 30 times as many days: 240.

• 6 times as many watchmakers will take 1�6 of that time to make the
same number of watches.

You could change the columns in a different order: for example, working
out that 6 watchmakers will make 6 watches in 8 days, than that they will
take 40 days (5 times as long) to make 30 watches (5 times as many
watches).

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16. The bar chart and table show the number of cows on Farmer Steve’s
farm on June 1st each year, for five years. Some data is missing.

(a) Complete the entries for 2016 in the table and 2015 in the bar
chart. (2)

The shading isn’t important, but making sure that your bar accurately
shows 30 cows is!

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(b) The mean number of cows is 39.

Complete the table and the bar chart by adding the correct data for
2018. (4)

If the mean of 5 numbers is 39, then the total must be 5 times that mean:
195.

If you subtract the numbers we already know from 195, you’ll be left with
the missing figure: 37.

• Make sure that you actually add your answer to the table and chart!

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17. Tiger Woods decides to build a crazy golf course in his garden.

He does not like any form of irregularity, so insists that every corner
must be a right-angle.

The rest of Tiger’s garden is a rectangular grass lawn.

(a) What is the length 𝑤𝑤? (2)

The reason for this can be seen in the top-left corner of the diagram above:
2m and 𝑤𝑤 are the same length as a 5m edge, so 𝑤𝑤 must be 3m.

This looks wrong, because 2m seems longer than 3m on the diagram; but
notice the label stating that the image is “Not to scale”.

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(b) What is the perimeter of the crazy golf course? (3)

Once you know w, you can go round the diagram writing in the missing
lengths, as I’ve done on the picture above.

(c) What is the area of the crazy golf course? (3)

If you look at the dotted lines which I’ve added to the diagram, you’ll see
how I have divided it into rectangles.

Finding the area of each rectangle and adding these together, it’s easy to
find the area of the whole course.

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(d) What is the area of the grass lawn? (3)

This is the area of the whole space, minus the area of the golf course.

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(e) Tiger’s greatest ambition is to complete the course perfectly: that


is, by sending the ball from one end of the course to the other,
exactly down the middle:

If Tiger manages to complete the course perfectly, what distance


will the ball travel? Ignore any bumps: assume that the ball follows
a flat course, rolling along the ground. (3)

Writing distances on the diagram is very helpful here.

As the course is always 3m wide, the line down the middle is always 1.5m
from an edge.

For example, look at the following section:

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The section is 13m long, but the dotted route stops 1.5m short of each end.

In other words, this horizontal part of Tiger’s perfect round is 13𝑚𝑚 −


1.5𝑚𝑚 − 1.5𝑚𝑚 long, which gives 10m.

Work out the length of each section of the dotted line, and add your
results together.

18. I have a draw containing 50 socks, which are not paired.

80% are blue. 60% of these are striped and the rest are spotty.

The rest of my socks are yellow with white stars.

(a) How many of my socks are blue and striped? (2)

80% of my 50 socks are blue, giving 40 socks.

60% of these are striped, giving 24.

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(b) What percentage of my socks are blue and spotty? (2)

or

The first method works like this:

• If 24 of my 40 blue socks are striped (from (a)), then 16 must be


spotty.
• This is 32% of the total, 50 socks, because 16�50 is the same as
32�
100 or 32%.
The second method focuses on percentages rather than numbers of socks:

• 80% of my socks are blue. If 60% of these are striped, then 40% must
be spotty.
• 40% of 80% is the same as 40% × 80%, or 40�100 × 80�100 .
• (You could also calculate 0.4 × 0.8)

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(c) How many socks do I need to take out in order to be certain that
I will have at least one matching pair? (2)

There’s no working out in the answer above, because this is one of those
answers which it is possible to spot just from the information in the
question.

Rather than thinking about matching pairs, think about drawing socks
without matching.

How long could you keep this going for?

For example:

Sock 1 – Yellow
Sock 2 – Blue Striped
Sock 3 – Blue Spotty
Sock 4 – Must be one of the options already drawn, so I will have a pair.

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19. I have 6 sunflowers in my garden. Their heights, to the nearest cm,


are 135cm, 210cm, 212cm, 184cm, 215cm and 100cm.

(a) What is the mean height of my sunflowers? (2)

This is straightforward: add the heights together and divide by the


number of flowers.

Just be careful with your adding up!

(b) What is the range of my sunflowers’ heights? (2)

This is the greatest height minus the smallest.

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(c) What is the median height of my sunflowers? (2)

To find the median, write the heights in order and find the middle value.

Because there are two middle values, you need to go half way between
them.

To do this accurately, add the two heights and divide by 2.

(d) By what percentage is my largest sunflower taller than my


smallest? (2)

The difference between the two flowers’ heights (from (b)) is 115cm.

Because the shortest sunflower is 100cm high, this is a 115% difference:


115cm is 115% of 100cm.

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(e) If I round each height to the nearest 10cm, what is the new modal
height? (2)

When all the heights are rounded to the nearest 10cm, 210cm appears
twice. It is the most common result – the mode.

(f) I’m very jealous of my neighbour’s sunflower.

She’s on holiday, so later on the day when I take the measurements


given above, I sneak into her garden, dig the flower up and steal it.
I add it to my sunflower patch: out of sight from her house, in the
place where my hedge is tallest.

Now the mean height of my sunflowers is 202cm, which makes me


very happy.

What is the height of the stolen sunflower? (3)

This is a common kind of averages question, hidden in a lot of words!


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• From (a), we know that the total of my flowers’ heights before the
theft was 1056cm.

• The new total, including the new sunflower, would have to be


divided by 7 (I now have 7 flowers) to give the new mean.

• … and we are told that this new mean is 202cm.

This gives a simple equation, which can be solved to find the height of the
new flower:

• If the total of all the heights divided by 7 is 202, then the total of all
the heights if not divided by 7 would be 1414.

• This total of 1414 is formed of 1056 and an unknown number, 𝑥𝑥.

• Subtracting 1414 from 1056, we find the height of the new (or rather,
stolen) flower, 𝑥𝑥.

END

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