Proposed 15 Numerical Problems For Presentation

Numerical Problems
1. A sinusoidal flux 0.2 Wb (max.) links with 55 turns of a

transformer secondary coil. Calculate the r.m.s. value
to the induced emf in the secondary coil. The supply
frequency is 50 Hz. (Ans. 244.2 V)
Solution
Concept: in a transformer, an alternating current is applies to the
primary winding, a current in the primary winding (magnetizing
current) produces alternating flux in the core of the transformer.
This alternating flux gets linked with the secondary winding , by
mutual induction , so an emf gets induced in the secondary winding
, this induced Emf is given by the EMF of the transformer.
The rms value of Emf equation of the transformer is given

by: E =4.44 Nɸmf
The average value of emf equation of the transformer is
given by: E =4Nɸmf
Where N: is the number of turns
f: is the supply frequency
ɸm : is the flux
Given, flux ɸ = 0.02Wb , N2= 55

Frequency f= 50Hz
=Erms = 4.44 ×0.02 × 55 × 50= 244.2v
2. The primary and secondary turns of a single-
phase transformer are 400 and 1100, respectively.
The net cross sectional area of the core is 60 cm2.
When its primary is connected 500V, 50 Hz supply,
calculate the value of maximum flux density in the
core and the emf induced in secondary winding.
Draw the vector diagram representing the
condition. (Ans. 0·938 Tesla, 1250 V)
3. A single-phase 200 kVA, 3300/240 volt, 50 Hz.

Transformer carries 80 turns on its secondary. What
will be its. (i) primary and secondary current on full
load ; (ii) the maximum value of flux; (iii) the
number of primary turns. (Ans. 60.6 A; 833.3 A;
1100 turns)
4. A 3300/250 V, 50 Hz, single-phase transformer

has an effective cross sectional area of 125 cm2. It
has 70 turns on its low-voltage side. Calculate (a)
the value of the maximum flux density (b) the
number of turns on the high-voltage winding. (Ans.
1.287 Wb/m2 ; 924)
5. The secondary of a 100 kVA, 3300/400 V, 50 Hz,

one-phase transformer carries 110 turns. Determine
the approximate values of the primary and
secondary full-load currents, the maximum value of
flux in the core and the number of primary turns.
How does the core flux vary with load? (Ans. 30.3 A;
250 A; 16.4 mWb; 907)
Numerical Problems
6. A single phase, 50 kVA, 2300/230 V, 50 Hz
transformer is connected to 230 V supply on the
secondary side, the primary being open. The meter
indicate the following readings: Power = 187 watt;
Voltage = 230 V; Current = 6·5 A. Find (i) core loss;
(ii) loss component of the current; (iii) magnetising
current. (Ans. 187 W; 0·813 A; 6·45 A)
7. A single-phase, 230V, 50 Hz transformer draws
5A at 0.25 pf. Its primary winding carries 200 turns.
Determine (a) the maximum value of flux in the
core, (b) the core loss (c) the magnetising
component of current and (d) exciting resistance
and reactance. (Ans. 5.293 m Wb; 293.75 W; 4.84 A;
268 :, 69.2 :)
8. The primary and secondary of a single-phase

transformer carry 500 and 100 truns, respectively.
The mean length of the flux in the iron core is 200
cm and the joints are equivalent to an air gap of 0.1
mm. If the maximum value of flux density is to be
1.1 Wb/m2 when a potential difference of 2200 volt
at 50 cycles is applied to the primary, calculate (i)
the cross-sectional area of the core (ii) the
secondary voltage on no-load (iii) the primary
current and power factor on no-load. Assume that
400 At/m are required to produce a flux density of
1.1 Wb/m2 and the corresponding iron loss to be
0.8 watt/kg at 50 Hz and the density of the iron to
be 7.8 gm/cm3. (Ans. 183 cm2, 440 V, 1.59 A, 0.145
lagging)
NUMERICAL PROBLEMS ON Page 148

9. The primary winding of a single-phase
transformer having 350 turns is connected to 2.2
kV, 50 Hz supply. If its secondary winding consists of
38 turns, determine (i) the secondary voltage on no-
load. (ii) The primary current when secondary
current is 200 A at 0·8 p.f. lagging, if the no-load
current is 5 A at 0·2 p.f. lagging. (iii) the p.f. of the
primary current. (Ans. 238·8 V, 25·67 A, 0·7156 lag)
10. The primary of a single phase, 2200/239V

transformer is connected to 2.2 kV, 50 Hz supply,
determine (i) the primary and secondary turns if the
emf per turns 6.286 V. (ii) the primary current when
the secondary current is 200 A at 0.8 p.f. lagging, if
the no-load current is 5 A at 0.2 power factor
lagging (iii) the power factor of the primary current.
(Ans. 350, 38; 25.65 A; 0.715 lag)
11. A single phase transformer takes a no-load
current of 4A at a p.f. of 0.24 lagging. The ratio of
turns in the primary to secondary is 4. Find the
current taken by the transformer primary when the
secondary supplies a load current of 240 A at a
power factor 0.9 lagging. (Ans. 62.58A) 4. A
5000/500 V,
one-phase transformer has primary and secondary
resistance of 0.2 ohm and 0.025 ohm and
corresponding reactance of 4 ohm and 0.04 ohm,
respectively. Determine : (i) Equivalent resistance
and reactance of primary referred to secondary; (ii)
Total resistance and reactance referred to
secondary; (iii) Equivalent resistance and reactance
of secondary referred to primary; (iv) Total
resistance and reactance referred to primary. (Ans.
0·02 :; 0·04 :; 0·045 :; 0·08 :; 2·5 :; 4:; 4·5 :; 8:)
12. A 2000/200 volt transformer has a primary

resistance 2.3 ohm and reactance 4.2 ohm, the
secondary resistance 0.025 ohm and reactance 0·04
ohm. Determine total resistance and reactance
referred to primary side. (Ans. 4.8 :; 8.2 :)
13. A transformer has 500 and 100 turns on its

primary and secondary, respectively. The primary
and secondary resistances are 0·3 ohm and 0·1
ohm. The leakage reactances of the primary and
secondary are 1·1 ohm and 0·035 ohm, respectively.
Calculate the equivalent impedance referred to the
primary circuit. (Ans. 3.426 :)
Numerical Problems on Page 166

14. A single phase transformer with a ratio 1: 2 has
primary and secondary winding resistance of 0.25
ohm and 0.8 ohm, respectively and their reactances
are 0.5 ohm and 2.8 ohm. Determine the no-load
secondary terminal voltage of the transformer if it is
delivering 10 A and 400 V at 0.8 p.f. lagging. (Ans.
437.64 V)
15. A 10 kVA, 2000/400 volt single-phase

transformer has the following resistances and
reactances. Primary winding: resistance 5.0 ohm,
leakage reactance 12 ohm. Secondary winding:
resistance 0.2 ohm, leakage reactance 0.48 ohm.
Determine the secondary terminal voltage at full
load, 0.8 power factor lagging when the primary
supply is 2000 V. (Ans. 377.1 V) 3. A 230/440 V,
single-phase transformer has primary and

secondary winding resistance of 0.25 ohm and 0.8
ohm, respectively and corresponding reactance of
0.6 ohm and 2.8 ohm. Find the approximate
secondary terminal voltage when supplying (i) 10 A
at 0.707 p.f. lagging (ii) 10A at 0.707 p.f. leading.
(Ans. 397.5 V;

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Numerical Problems

1. A sinusoidal flux 0.2 Wb (max.) links with 55 turns of a

The rms value of Emf equation of the transformer is given

Given, flux ɸ = 0.02Wb , N2= 55

3. A single-phase 200 kVA, 3300/240 volt, 50 Hz.

4. A 3300/250 V, 50 Hz, single-phase transformer

5. The secondary of a 100 kVA, 3300/400 V, 50 Hz,

8. The primary and secondary of a single-phase

NUMERICAL PROBLEMS ON Page 148

10. The primary of a single phase, 2200/239V

12. A 2000/200 volt transformer has a primary

13. A transformer has 500 and 100 turns on its

Numerical Problems on Page 166

15. A 10 kVA, 2000/400 volt single-phase

single-phase transformer has primary and

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