98 توثيق المراجع بنظام هارفارد

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 14

‫اﻟﺪﻟ‪$‬ﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم ‪4‬ﺎرﻓﺎرد‬

‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق اﻟﻛﺗب اﻟﻣطﺑوﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‪:‬‬


‫‪ -‬ﯾ ُﻛﺗب اﻟﻌﻧوان ﻣﺎﺋﻼ‪ً.‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺣرف اﻷول ﻣن اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﯾ ُﻛﺗب ﺑﺄﺣرف ﻛﺑﯾرة‬
‫)‪ ،(capitalized‬وﺑﻌدھﺎ ﯾ ُﻛﺗب اﻟﺣرف اﻷول ﻣن أﺳﻣﺎء اﻟﻌﻠم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎﻧت اﻟطﺑﻌﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﯾﺗم اﻻﺳﺗﻐﻧﺎء ﻋن ھذا اﻟﺟزء‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻓﻘط ﺑﺄﺣرف ﻛﺑﯾرة‪.‬‬ ‫ﯾ ُﻛﺗب رﻗم اﻟطﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﺻًرا ﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪2nd edn o‬‬
‫‪ o‬ط‪٢‬‬

‫‪Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year Published) Title. Edition. Place of publication: publisher.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق اﻟﻛﺗب اﻟﻣﺣّررة‬

‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‪:‬‬


‫‪ -‬ﯾ ُﻛﺗب اﻟﻌﻧوان ﻣﺎﺋﻼ‪ً.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎﻧت اﻟطﺑﻌﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﯾﺗم اﻻﺳﺗﻐﻧﺎء ﻋن ھذا اﻟﺟزء‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺣرف اﻷول ﻣن اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﯾ ُﻛﺗب ﺑﺄﺣرف ﻛﺑﯾرة‬ ‫ﯾ ُﻛﺗب رﻗم اﻟطﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﺻًرا ﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫)‪ ،(capitalized‬وﺑﻌدھﺎ ﯾ ُﻛﺗب اﻟﺣرف اﻷول ﻣن أﺳﻣﺎء اﻟﻌﻠم‬ ‫‪2nd edn o‬‬
‫ﻓﻘط ﺑﺄﺣرف ﻛﺑﯾرة‪.‬‬ ‫‪ o‬ط‪٢‬‬

‫‪Editor surname(s), initial(s). (eds.) (Year Published) Title. Edition. Place of publication: publisher.‬‬

‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬا اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎر ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺿﯿﺢ ﺑﺄّن اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻣﺤّﺮر‪.‬‬


‫وأّﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﻮﺛﯿﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗ ُﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "ﻣﺤّﺮر" ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﻢ ﻣﺤّﺮر‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻓﺻل ﻣن ﻛﺗﺎب ﻣﺣّرر‬

‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ وﺑﯿﻦ‬


.‫ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺼﯿﺺ ﻣﻔﺮدﺗﯿﻦ‬

Author names. (Year published). ‘Title of chapter’ in editor(s) surname, initials (ed(s).) Title of book. Edition. Place of publication:
publisher, page numbers.

ّ ‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﺑﺨ‬


.‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻛﺗﺎب إﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‬

‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ أو ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺨ ّ‬


‫ﻂ ﻣ ﺎﺋ ﻞ‬
‫ﻋﺎ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ]‪ [online‬أو ]أوﻧﻼﯾﻦ[ ﺑﯿﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺒﻮ ً‬
‫أﻗﻮاس ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year published). Title. Edition. Name of e-book collection [online]. Available at: URL or DOI‬‬
‫‪(Accessed: day month year).‬‬

‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ ھﻨﺎ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﺬي ﻗﻤﺖ ﻓﯿﮫ ﺑﺰﯾﺎرة اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬


‫اﻟﺬي ﯾﻌﺮض اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻛﺗﺎب إﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ ﻣن ﻗﺎرئ ﻣﻌﯾّن‬

e-] ‫ﻋﺎ ﺑـ‬


ً ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﺎرئ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ ﻣﺘﺒﻮ‬
[‫[ أو ]ﻗﺎرئ ﻛﺘﺐ إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ‬book reader

Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year Published). Title. Edition. E-book format [e-book reader]. Available at URL or DOI (Accessed:
day month year)

.‫راﺑﻂ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ أو رﻣﺰه اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻔﻲ‬


‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻣﻘﺎل ﻣن ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻣﯾﺔ ﻣطﺑوﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﯾﻜﻮن‬‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﺑﺨ ّ‬


‫اﻟﺤﺮف اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪capitalized‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Author names. (year) ‘Title of article’, Title, volume (issue/season etc), page numbers.‬‬

‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﻤﻘﺎل ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺼﯿﺺ‬ ‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ﺧﺎرج اﻷﻗﻮاس‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ رﻗﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺮدﺗﯿﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد أو اﻹﺻﺪار ﻓﯿُﻜﺘﺐ داﺧﻞ اﻷﻗﻮاس‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻣﻘﺎل ﻣن ﺻﺣﯾﻔﺔ ﻣطﺑوﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺠﺮﯾﺪة ﺑﺨ ّ‬


‫اﻟﺤﺮف اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪capitalized‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year) ‘Article Title’, Newspaper Title (edition), day month, page number(s).‬‬

‫ﺗ ُﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﻓّﺮھﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬


‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻣﻘﺎل ﻣن ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻣﯾﺔ إﻟﻛﺗروﻧﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﯾﻜﻮن‬‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﺑﺨ ّ‬


‫اﻟﺤﺮف اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪capitalized‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year) ‘Title of article’, Title of journal, volume (issue/season) [online]. Available at: URL or DOI‬‬
‫)‪(Accessed: day month year‬‬

‫اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ أو اﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬


‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎل‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﻣﻘﺎل ﻣن ﺻﺣﯾﻔﺔ إﻟﻛﺗروﻧﯾﺔ‬

‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺠﺮﯾﺪة ﺑﺨ ّ‬


‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﯾﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮف اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪capitalized‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year) ‘Article Title’, Newspaper Title (edition), day month [online]. Available at: URL or DOI‬‬
‫)‪(Accessed: day month year‬‬

‫اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ أو اﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬


‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎل‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق اﻟﺻور‬

،‫اﺳﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﺼﻮرة )اﻟﺮﺳﺎم‬


.(‫اﻟﺦ‬...‫اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬

Photograph surname, initial. (Year of publication) Title of photograph [online]. Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year)

ّ ‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﺑﺨ‬


.‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق اﻷﻓﻼم‬

‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺮج ﻛﺎﻣﻼً وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ‪ :‬اﻻﺳﻢ اﻷول‬


‫ﯾﻠﯿﮫ اﻟﻠﻘﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻨﻚ ھﻨﺎ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ أو اﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﮭﺮة‪.‬‬

‫‪Title of film (Year of distribution) Directed by director’s name [format]. Place of distribution: Distribution Company.‬‬

‫ﺿﺢ ھﺬا اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺻﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﯿﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬‫ﯾﻮ ّ‬


‫ﻛﻤﺮﺟﻊ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷرﯾط ﺳﯾﻧﻣﺎﺋﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪.DVD -‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﯾﻠم أوﻧﻼﯾن‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق اﻟﺑراﻣﺞ اﻟﺗﻠﻔزﯾوﻧﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﺳﻠﺳﻼت‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ أّن ﺣﺮف اﻟـ "‪ "s‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ Series‬ﻣﻜﺘﻮب ﺑﺄﺣﺮف ﻛﺒﯿﺮة‬
‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺼﯿﺺ ﻣﻔﺮدﺗﯿﻦ‪ .‬وأﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﺣﺮف اﻟـ "‪ "e‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ episode‬ﻟﯿﺲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺤﺮص‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺴﻞ أو اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﯾﻮﻧﻲ ﻓﯿُﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺨ ّ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﺤﺮف اﻷول ﻓﻲ ﻛّﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ capitalized‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﺷﯾر ﻛﻠﻣﺔ ‪ series‬إﻟﻰ رﻗم اﻟﻣوﺳم‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺷﯾر ﻛﻠﻣﺔ ‪ episode‬إﻟﻰ رﻗم اﻟﺣﻠﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪‘Title of episode’ (Year of transmission) Title of TV show, Series #, episode #.‬‬


‫‪Name of channel or streaming service, day month of transmission.‬‬
‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق اﻟﻣوﺳﯾﻘﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎن اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ أو اﻟﻔﻨﺎن ﺣﻘﯿﻘﯿًﺎ‪ ،‬ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﺪًءا ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻘﺐ‬
‫ﯾﻠﯿﮫ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻷول ﻣﺨﺘﺼًﺮا‪ .‬وﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎن اﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺎًرا ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﯾُﻘﺼﺪ ھﻨﺎ ﺻﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﯿﻘﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ھﻞ ھﻲ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ھﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮص ﻣﺪﻣﺞ ‪CD‬؟ أو ﺷﺮﯾﻂ ﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ‪ ،‬أو ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪...‬اﻟﺦ‪.‬‬

‫‪Artist name (Year of publication) Title of album [format] Place of distribution: distribution company.‬‬
‫)‪Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year‬‬

‫ﯾﺘّﻢ إﺿﺎﻓﺔ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺗّﻢ اﻟﺮﺟﻮع إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺻﯾﻐﺔ ﺗوﺛﯾق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت اﻟوﯾب‬


‫ﯾُﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺑﺨ ّ‬
‫ﻂ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year of publishing) Title of page/site [Online].‬‬


‫‪Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year).‬‬

You might also like