Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
                    
PHY 104
Physics Laboratory Manual (Online)

Student ID. 19202108004

                    
Student Name MD. SAHADAT HOSSAIN SANI
                 Intake
           

Section

Name of the Program B.ScEngg. in EEE

Name of the Department EEE

                     COURSE TITLE: PHYSICS II LAB

COURSE CODE: PHY 104

EXPERIMENT NO.: 02

EXPERIMENT NAME:To determine the Specific resistance of a wire using a M

                    
DATE OF PERFORMANCE:
       DATE
           OF
     SUBMISSION:
       

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

                    
Department of EEE ID:
      Bangladesh
                     University
       of Business and Batch No.:Section:
Technology (BUBT) Department of ……..
Email: [email protected] Bangladesh University of Business and
Mobile: 01706315025 Technology (BUBT)
REMARKS:
                    

Experiment Name:To determine the Specific resistance of a wire using a Metre Bridge

Objectives:
To find the resistance of a given wire using a metre bridge and hence determine the specific resistance
of its materials.
Learning outcomes:
                    

                    
 Students understand Wheatstone’s bridge and Wheatstone’s principle.
 Students verify Wheatstone’s principle.
                    
 Students correlate the principle of Wheatstone’s bridge with metre bridge experiment.

Theory:

Wheatstone’s principle:
                    

                    
The metre bridge is operates under Wheatstone’s principle.  Here, four resistors P, Q, R, and S are
connected
                  to
     form
         the
     network ABCD. The terminals A and C are connected to a battery, and the
terminals C and D are connected to a galvanometer through keys K1 and K2 respectively. In the
balancing condition, there is no deflection on the galvanometer. Then,
                    

                    
Materials required:
                    
 Metre bridge (slide wire bridge)
     Leclanche cell or Battery eliminator
     Galvanometer
     Resistance box 
     Jockey  
     One way key
     A resistance wire
                    

                    
     Screw gauge
               
    Metre
           scale
      
     Connecting wires

Procedures (Online):

 At first we go to this link http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=1&brch=6&sim=146&cnt=4 and login.

                    
 Click on the battery and the resistance box shown on the side bar menu to place them near to the
            metre
           bridge.
        
 Drag one of the wires to the right gap of the metre bridge.
 Now the button, “Start experiment” will be enabled.
 Now you can select your desired resistance from the resistance box just by clicking on the box
and then choosing the resistance from the pop-window, “Select Resistance”. Now close the pop-
window.
 Click on the enabled button and "Insert Key”.
                    

                    
 Now you can move the jockey from one left end to right either by moving the jockey with your
            mouse
            or
    by
     moving
    the slider, “Jockey Position”.
 Simultaneously check the readings of the galvanometer, once the needle reaches the zero
reading, stop moving the jockey and note down the length of the wire from the balanced position
on the left side, let say “AB” which is l cm.
 Repeat the same by moving the jockey from the right end to the left and note down the length of
the wire from the balanced position on the right side, let take it as “BC” which is (100-l) cm.
 Repeat the same procedure with second wire and note down the lengths.
 For each wire take three readings and calculate its mean readings/resistance
                    

Observations:

Table 1: Reading for the balance point.

                    
Length,l Rl Mean
No. of Value of (100−l¿
cm X= (Ω) X
observation
                       resistance,R(
                Ω) cm (100−l) (Ω)

1.
21 80.8 19.2 88.375
2.
22 81.5 18.5 96.918
3.
23 82.1 17.9 105.49
4. 24 82.8 17.2 115.53
                    

                    
5.
25 83.3 16.7 124.70
 6.                                      131.685
26 83.9 16.1 135.490
7.
27 84.4 15.6 146.076
8.
28 84.8 15.2 156.210
9.
29 85.3 14.7 168.278
10. 30 85.7 14.3 179.790
                    

                    
Table 2: Reading for the radius of the experimental wire. (Using Slide Calipers)

Circular
Liner scale Circular scale
No. scale Total Mean Mean
reading Least count reading
of divisions diameter diameter radius
(L.S.R) (L.C) (C.S.R) =
obs. (C.S.D) D D r=D/2
cm cm (CSD x L.C)
cm Cm cm
cm
1 0.1 50 0.001 0.05 0.15 0.15 0.075
                    

                    
2
3
                    

Calculations:
Length of the wire, L             = 40 cm
                                          = 4010-2 m
Resistance of the wire, X      = 131.685Ω
                    

                    
Resistivity (specific resistance) of the wire,      
                    

                    
                                          = ............Ω m

Result
The specific resistance (resistivity) of the given resistance wire, ρ  = ……...... Ω m
                    

 Discussions:
                   

1.
2.
3.
4.
                    

                    
Questions:
 Q1.
     Why
        is
    metre
          bridge
          called so?

Q2. What is null point?

                    
Q5. How can a Wheatstone bridge be used for the measurement of physical parameters?