A SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON COMPANY OVERVIEW AT

TECHNO TARP & POLYMERS PVT. LTD.

SARIGAM
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF BBA PROGRAMME
SUBMITTED BY: JOERIECH ROSARIO RAJMOHAN GUPTA RAVIKANTKUMAR MANDI ROMIK MODI UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: INTERNAL GUIDE MONIKA SONI EXTERNAL GUIDE MR. P. G. PATIL (HR MANAGER) (TTPPL)

GRADUATE CENTRE

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF COMMERCE, SARIGAM.

AFFILIATED TO

VEER NARMAD SOUTH GUJARAT UNIVERSITY, SURAT

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Mr. Romik N. Modi

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DECLARATION
We the student of LAXMI INSTITUTE OF COMMERCE, SARIGAM, hereby declare that the information presented in this report is correct to the best of our knowledge and has been prepared on the basis of information gained, collected and processed for utilizing our learning in the class of BBA. This report is an original work and has not been presented anywhere before. We have used secondary data in the report, but have provided proper references at suitable places. We as a group, undertake the responsibility that in case of any issues relating to plagiarism issue being raised, we would be liable to consequent action by the management.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A Project Report is never successfully completed without the guidance from appropriate person. So now its the right time to express our sincere gratitude towards all those, who have helped us to complete the project. We are thankful to our coordinator Dr. Saleem, distinguished professor of LAXMI INSTITUTE OF COMMERCE for giving us the opportunity to work on this project. It was a great learning experience for us and we could actually put in practice, the learning acquired in the classroom. Also, this project helped us in understanding the overall functioning of the industry. We are also thankful to Mr. Patil, HR Manager of TECHNO TARP & POLYMERS PVT. LTD, for giving us valuable suggestions through out the course of the project as well as our internal guide Monika Soni. Without their Guidance the work would never been completed.

We are also thankful to entire faculty and staff of our institute without which this project would not be a successful one. Last but not the least we would like to appreciate our parents who have always motivated us directly and indirectly to do our work with utmost dedication.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Today the significance of project work has greater importance in business world. Practical knowledge is as important as theory so that one thing is said, Practice makes a men Perfect In order to get acquainted with how theoretical concepts are being followed at TTPPL, we have tried to take an overview of all departments of the company and its working mechanism. It has given me a chance to learn a lot in the process. We have also studied about the demand and other details about tarpaulin industrial in India by taking an overview of tarpaulin industries. It was difficult to find complete information for our report but we have tried our level best to make a good report.

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INDEX
Sr. No. A 1 2 3 4 5 6 B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Finance Department Human Resource Department Marketing Department Company SWOT Analysis Conclusion Suggestion Bibliography Industrial Overview Company Overview Location Vision of the Company Company Other Details Part II Production Department Particulars Part I Objectives of the Project Page No. 10-18 10 11 14 16 17 18 19-62 19 33 40 49 58 60 61 62

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Objectives of the Project

To understand the Business Operations.
To understand the role of each Subsystems (Department) and

its relationship with other Subsystems. To get the Practical Interface of Industry by applying Theoretical Concepts. To run and manage a firm profitably in competitive business environment.

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Industrial Overview
High density polyethylene (HDPE) tarpaulin is a product with multiple end uses. According to the research the share for tarpaulin in India has increased from 1185 KT in 2007 to 1580 KT in 2008. Increase in the demand of tarpaulin has been arrived due to following reasons: HDPE tarpaulin is excellent for covering products, thereby protecting them from moisture and dust and can be used as a protective covering in sectors like agriculture, infrastructure and automobiles and also as tents, floor spreads, as a cover for machinery, etc. This multi purpose product has therefore become a boon to the Indian Industry, especially in the rainy season. Versatility of the tape extruder, which makes it capable of manufacturing other products, besides the wide fabric helps the entrepreneur in diversifying his product offering. Advantages of HDPE Tarpaulin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Light-weight Ease of Handling Water proof Can be manufactured in desired colours Attractive printing

End Uses of HDPE tarpaulin People use it for shelter, and also as a cover for products during transportation and storage for protection. Transport: During the rainy season, HDPE tarpaulin is used for covering of trucks, which is a major market at present. Storage: This is the second largest market which includes covers for Godowns, cover for crops, Mandaps or temporary sheds and out-door open storage. It can be used as a cover for the chemical industry, petrochemical industry and fertilizer industry. Temporary shed could be constructed out of tarpaulins for marriages, in building and construction. The demand of high density polyethylene tarpaulins revolves around both these enduse sectors, a mirror reflection of the growth in these sectors.

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Different sectors where HDPE tarpaulin is used:

Agro Industry- India Food grain Production in India Total food grain production increased from 230.77 mln tons in 2007-08 to 233.87 mln tons in 2008-09. Plastics in Agro Industry -HDPE Crates, PP Leno bags, HDPE Raschel bags, HDPE Agrishade Nets, HDPE Woven sacks, HDPE & PVC Pipes, LLDPE Mulch film etc. Key Drivers (Increase in demand for HDPE Tarpaulin) Increase in population Higher rate of urbanisation Dual Income families & Economic Liberalisation Economic Growth

Infrastructure growth in India Cement Production in India India is the second largest producer of cement in the world after China. In 2008-09, India produced around 181 mln tons of cement, a growth of 7.8% over the fiscal 2007-08. Other products: PE Rotational Moulded tanks, PP Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers, PP Woven Geotextiles, PVC Window Profiles, PVC SWR Pipes. Key Drivers (Increase in demand for HDPE Tarpaulin) India is the 7th largest country in the world and second largest in Asia with a landmass of 3.29 million sq.km. 6 Mega Cities & 23 Metro cities 300 Large towns & 3396 small & medium towns Industrial, trade, commercial growth

Electricity Boards Transformers are covered by tarpaulins by various Electricity Boards to avoid any accidental electrical leakage during monsoon season.

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Automobiles Tarpaulins are used to cover vehicles, especially during the rains. India has become key automotive hub post liberalization. This is due to several factors : Strong Competition Quality Conscious manufacturers High level of investment A hub for both vehicles & components

Other Sectors To cover sport grounds and pools Use as plastic tents, floor spreads To cover construction machinery during monsoon As a cover in Chemical, Petrochemical, Fertilizer Industry

HDPE tarpaulin for Entrepreneurs

Tape extrusion process gives an entrepreneur the flexibility to produce HDPE woven sacks, HDPE tarpaulins and many more products such as HDPE agrishade nets and HDPE Raschel bags on the same tape extruder. Due to the seasonality of the use of HDPE tarpaulin, an entrepreneur needs to bring in this product into his business mainly in rainy season. This means that he should increase capacity utilizations during the rainy season to meet the high demand of HDPE tarpaulins. This product mix increases the average selling price of the final product leading to a higher net profitability in comparison to manufacturing only one product, e.g. high density polyethylene woven sacks. Also high output machines would lead to higher net profitability. Conclusion Extrusion of plastics which was initially perceived as films extends to extruded products such as HDPE tarpaulins; these plastics products have a common function of preventing packed products from moisture and dust. HDPE tarpaulin, a gain to the society by its waterproof characteristic has been a gain to the existing processors of woven sacks by an increase in a product mix, increase in capacity utilization, and increase in average selling price and thus increases in net profitability. Page 14

Company Overview
About TTPPL Techno Tarp and Polymers Pvt. Ltd. (TTPPL) established in the year 2007 at Sarigam, district Valsad (Gujarat) India, 150 KM north of Mumbai (BOMBAY), a location strategically chosen near the Mumbai port being a 100% Export Oriented Unit, and is a frontline Tarpaulin industry in western India. TECHNOLOGIES The manufacturing facility is impressive with the modern and state of the art machinery and equipment with the installed capacity of 3600 MT per annum of HDPE tarpaulins and fabric sheets for various uses in Shelter, agriculture, domestic use and Construction etc. a) Tape Extrusion and Stretching: This includes Static mixers and Melt pumps which allow for uniform mixing and dispersion, Inverter based winders for defect free winding and super heated oven giving highest strength to the yarn. b) Circular Looms: The 6 shuttle looms have the ability to produce heavy duty fabric of maximum width of 2.7 mtrs. These looms are capable of making pin-hole free fabric for better protective properties. c) Laminators: The one-of-a-kind laminator can laminate in tandem fashion up to 10 microns on either side. It works with an accuracy of maximum variation of 2 % in film thickness. d) Sealing and Cutting: There are continuous three header sealing machines with a unique hot air device for firm and strong sealing. The factory also includes an automatic cutting machine which cuts the tarpaulin at a desired length and ensures zero defects in dimensions. e) Miscellaneous Machinery: Both tape line and laminator extruders are fitted with four feeder mixing and dousing equipment which are specially designed for blending tarpaulin ingredients and are micro process controlled. This gives uniform and accurate mixing for better quality.

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CERTIFICATION TTPPL is certified for International Standards of Quality management system ISO9001:2008 by TUV-SUD of South Asia and with quality as its hallmark has pursued and achieved Professional Management Practices in producing the custom made products manufactured as per the diverse international requirements and are able to make a strong dent in the Export market including various NGOs and Supermarkets etc. At TTPPL, the entire production is exported. Thus it remains the substantial foreign exchange earner in the sector. TTPPLs POLICIES 1. Every customer is valuable and the company takes utmost care to satisfy their requirements 2. The factory and premises offer 100% pollution free environment and all effluents are treated and tested before going out of the factory. 3. The management firmly believes that Quality is only momentary; it is continuous improvement that is enduring. 4. The management commits itself to a green working environment 5. None of the employees are below the age of 18 yrs.ISO Guided by its Vision and various policies like Quality Policy, Environment Policy, Health and safety Policy etc. the company believes in continual improvement. Its performance is based on dedicated team work, the culture of continuous training and participation at all levels in order to achieve the overall excellence through Creativity and Innovation. TTPPL highly value and practice Total Quality Management techniques. As an effort to strengthen the distribution network, the company has developed stocking facilities in Africa, Asia, Europe, Gulf & North America and is able to serve the emergency requirement of relief etc. at a very short notice. The top management team is assisted by competent team of qualified and trained personnel and industry experts at its Head Office in Mumbai and Factory at Sarigam.

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LOCATION
1) Closeness To Mumbai. The location of the plant and company is at Sarigam which is very well connected to Financial Hub Mumbai, which forms Companies major Banking as well as Raw Material Sources and activities are smoothly undertaken while export can be facilitated. 2) Availability Of Cheap Labour Company is able to procure Local Workforce at Cheaper Rates 3) Availability Of Skilled Labour Firm is able to procure skilled labour from cities near by to it and other firms as it is located in plastic zone of Sarigam. 4) Infrastructure Facilities The National Highway No.8 is just 10 km away from the plant as well as Railway Station just 8 km Away from the Plant. This facility helps the Company to regularly procure raw material from distant places as well as to bring the most efficient Manpower at Work. 5) Transport Facility As it is near to NH no.8 and located in plastic zone of Sarigam, transportation facility is available easily. 6) Availability Of Power. TTPPL is located in GIDC where power facility is smoothly available to all the firms in Sarigam. 7) Availability Of Water Facilities Water is a very essential requirement for the process of Tarpaulin Manufacturing, as it is used for the coolant purposes but company has an advantage in this area as it has regular water supply.

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VISION OF THE COMPANY

To Achieve For TTPPL A Status Of A Company Which Will Ensure
o Customer Satisfaction

o Profitable Growth o Continuous Improvement o Satisfaction & Pride

o Employment To Local People

Through A Team Work Focusing On.. o Total Quality o Productivity o Cost Effectiveness o Training o Safety Of Individuals Where.. o Each Individual Enjoys His Work And Has An Urge To Excel o Each Individual Gives His Best To Achieve The Shared Vision THERE IS MORE IN US THAN WE THINK; TOGETHER WE CAN REACH THE SKY.

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Company Proforma
Name Of the Unit Year of Establishment Techno Tarp & Polymers Pvt. Ltd. The company commenced on July 2007

Address Registered Office

Plot No. 4920/21, Plastic Zone , GIDC Sarigam, District Valsad, Gujarat Tel : + 91 260 2780 444 / 777 / 888 Fax : + 91 260 2780 333

Address Mumbai Office

D-613, Floral Deck Plaza , MIDC Central Road Andheri-East , Mumbai- 400093 Tel : +91 22 28383254/64 Fax : +91 22 28397117

Website Form of the organization Bankers Chairman Director

www.technotarp.com Private Limited Company Bank Of Baroda, HDFC, etc. Mr. V. K. Ojha Mr. Hemant Phatak

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TYPES OF PRODUCTS
The Company is engaged in manufacturing o Tarpaulin (HDPE woven fabric) A tarpaulin is a large sheet of strong, flexible, water-resistant

or waterproof material, often cloth such as canvas or polyester coated with urethane, or made of plastics such as polyethylene. While Tarpaulins offered by TTPPL is made of plastics i.e. polyethylene. Production of tarpaulin takes place with HDPE as the primary material and is additionally laminated with LDPE. Tarpaulin manufactured are 100% Water-proof, Light in weight, easy to handle, easy to clean & fold, UV stabilised, Tear proof, Shrink-proof. All weather resistant & unaffected by chemicals. It uses Aluminum or HDPE plastic eyelets on all corners and sides at every interval of approximate 4 feet. It therefore finds its applications in areas of; shelter against elements of nature, in roof covers, temporary shelter, ground sheet, tents, covers for camping, covers for object like trucks, pools, machinery, wood piles, lumber, fodder, boats and warehouse etc. Tarpaulins manufactured at our unit are as follows: o Tarpaulin from 65-300 gsm o Tarpaulin in various sizes like: 4m X 5m, 4m X 6m and 4M X 60 M o Tarpaulin manufactured in an assortment of colours (E.g. silver white, blue, green, white, yellow) o Tarpaulins with or without eyelets as well as multi colour bands o A mesh of 6 X 6 upto a mesh of 14 X 16 Tarpaulins manufactured by adhering to specifications as required by various Non Governmental Organizations. Page 21

The Pictures of Tarpaulin manufactured by TTPPL are as below:

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RAW MATERIAL DETAILS

The following are the raw materials used in manufacturing Tarpaulin: 1. Plastic Granules: Plastic Granules are the primary material for producing PE tape and laminating tarpaulin. Company mainly uses two types of plastic granules i. ii. HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene)

2. Eyelets: Eyelets are metal, plastic, or rubber rings that are inserted into a hole made through another material. It is used to strengthen the holes prevents the material from tearing through the hole, thereby providing structural integrity. Eyelets are generally used decoratively. 3. Colour Masterbatch: Masterbatch of colour is used to colour raw polymer during plastic manufacturing process. 4. Dori: Dori is a Plastic String that is used in tarpaulin for making it stronger and also used in sealing the borders of the sheet. It consists of various colours according to the respective colours of sheets.

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ENVIRONMENT POLICY
Techno Tarp & Polymers management is committed to:o Comply With . Environment Regulation of the Country. o Produce . Environment Friendly products through the

processes and systems in line with conservation of resources.

o Adopt . The practice in the operations which reduce waste

and pollution in the atmosphere.

o Provide . The good housekeeping in the factor. o Review . The working practice regularly to maintain a

healthy working for continuous improvement. We stand to follow our Environment Policy with thorough management commitment and support from the entire workforce. THERE IS MORE IN US THAN WE THINK; TOGETHER WE CAN REACH THE SKY.

CONSERVE RESOURCE AT TTPPL

Your Help Makes A Difference Life Is Precious . Be Aware Of Hive Aids Follow Safety Rules . Minimize Accidents Save Energy . Power, Water And Fuel Optimize Production . Improve Efficiencies, Reduce Waste And Defectives Improve Environment . Keep Your Work Place & Home Clean Let Us Make Our Home, Company, Town Clean And Green Together We Can Make The World Better And Improve Our Living

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PRODUCTION PROCESS
The diagram of production process of tarpaulin is as below:

RECEIPT OF RAW MATERIAL

TAPE EXTRUSION DEPT.

TAPE EXTRUSION

WEAVING DEPT.

CIRCULAR WEAVING

FINISHING DEPT. - I

LAMINATION COATING

PRINTING (Optional)

FINISHING DEPT. - II

SEALING & CUTTING

BORDER SEALING

EYELET FIXING

PACKING

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Thus according to the above diagram the production process is divided into 6 main parts: I. Tape Extrusion: o In this process plastics is melted, shaped into a continuous profile, and cut to length. o In the extrusion process, raw plastic is fed into a heated extruder cavity or cylinder. Once inside the tape extrusion machine, the plastic granules move through an opening in the extruder cavity towards a screw mechanism. The screw rotates, forcing the plastic material to advance through the extruder cavity. o Inside the extruder cavity, the temperature is very high, often reaching about 400F (200 C). The cavity needs to be so high in order to match the preferable melt temperature of the plastic material. o When the molten plastic reaches the front of the barrel, it moves away from the screw and journeys through a special screen designed to filter contaminants from the plastic. o The molten plastic then moves into a die. The die is responsible for giving the molten plastic its profile. The plastic must then be cooled, often by a sealed-water bath; care must be taken to prevent the collapse of the newly formed product in its still molten state. o After cooling, slitting of the sheet takes place and thin tapes of desired width are formed. o Then the tape is moved over the roller to increase its strength and get the desired denier. Then the tapes are wind in the spool.

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II. Weaving Process: o In this process HDPE Tape are woven on a loom to form a fabric. o While circular weaving machine is used by TTPPL to form fabric. (or semi finished tarpaulins) o The circular looms i.e. the six shuttles loom have the ability to produce heavy duty fabric of maximum width of 2.7 mtrs. These looms are capable of making pin-hole free fabric for better protective properties. o These circular looms have the advantages of: High production efficiency Low noise Economical power consumption Easy operation and maintenance III. Lamination Process: o Lamination process is applying a film of plastic on the surface of woven fabric. o When plastic coating is added to any item it becomes tear-proof and waterproof, since the laminating film encapsulates the item completely by being bonded to both its sides. o Lamination helps in keeping materials as good as new for many years, increasing the durability by making it UV Stabilized as well as preserving the colour. o The one-of-a-kind laminator can laminate in tandem fashion up to 10 microns on either side. It works with an accuracy of maximum variation of 2 % in film thickness. o In this process LDPE is used to laminate the woven fabric through roll lamination machine on both the sides of the fabric simultaneously.

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IV. Sealing & Cutting: o In this process the laminated woven fabric is automatically sealed. o Along with sealing from both the sides of the sheets cutting takes place as per the required length of the tarpaulins. o There are continuous three header sealing machines with a unique hot air device for firm and strong sealing. o The factory also includes an automatic cutting machine which cuts the tarpaulin at a desired length and ensures zero defects in dimensions.

V. Eyelet Fixing: o Automatic as well as manual eyelet fixing machine are used to fix eyelet at the borders of tarpaulin.

VI. Packing: o After this it is folded and sent for packaging. Then tarpaulins are weighted and packed firmly and are ready for dispatch. o The State of Art Packing Facility for making Bales with or without pallets, with two Baling machines of 2 to 10 ton capacity. Approved fumigation facility is also available. This is also supported by Corrugated Box Packing facility for Supermarkets Display.

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QUALITY CONTROL & INSPECTION

At TTPPL, a strict quality control is observed as it is 100% EOU and needs to maintain world Class Quality, and is reflected in the companies growing International Presence. The factory has fully equipped Quality Assurance & Testing Laboratory. The Laboratory has equipment like Digital Tensile Strength Machine, Digital Elongation Testing Machine, Tear Strength Tester, and Bursting Strength by Hydrostatic Pressure etc. This helps to monitor & check process parameters, process performance to ensure finished products. Quality Laboratory issues Test Certificate for each consignment dispatched from the factory. The Inspection is done as mentioned below: 1. Preliminary Inspection: This is done to check out whether the raw material used is as per the required standards. It inspects raw materials i.e. HDPE & LDPE plastic granules, eyelets, etc. If the raw materials are below standards then the materials are returned back to the suppliers. 2. Production Process Inspection: A Quality Control Inspector is appointed with the team members i.e. the operators to continue the inspection process. Inspection of extruded tape, woven fabric & laminated fabric is done at every 2 hours manually to check out Mesh, GSM, Colour, Tape Denier, Width, etc. and at the end of the day report is to be submitted to Production In-charge. 3. Final Inspection: Once the required batch is manufactured, out of that total batch some random samples are taken and if defective pieces exceed the control line, than the entire lot is rejected and sent for reprocess.

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The quality assurance department decides to accept the lot by checking the samples on the following bases: 1. Tear strength: A piece of tarpaulin is cut having 2x40 and fixed in the machine to check the tear strength of tarpaulin by pulling it with the help of machine. 2. Denier strength: A sample of Extruded tape is kept on the denier machine to check the denier strength of that tape. 3. GSM (Gram Sq. Mtr.): Weight of tarpaulin in checked on weighing scale. 4. Bursting strength: Here the bursting strength of the sample is checked by applying water pressure. 5. Tensile Strength: It checks the samples capability of being stretched.

Quality Policy
We, at TECHNO TARP & POLYMERS PVT. LTD. Engaged in the Business of Manufacturing and Supply of Tarpaulin, Plastic Sheeting and Related Products are committed to, Give customer satisfaction by providing Quality Products & Reliable Services. This we shall achieve through the Continual Improvement in Quality of Products, Process & System with involvement of All employees & up grading of their skills by providing regular training.

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MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY
In simple Maintenance is understood as a set of activities which help keep the plant machinery, equipment, and other tools and fixtures in operating and running condition to avoid losses and accidents during the production. It is understood as the function of manufacturing management that is concerned with day to day problem of keeping the physical plant in good operating condition. In a companies like where the daily production of tarpaulin is approximately accounted to 7 ton, a breakdown in machine can cause huge financial and market losses to the company. Company also is known internationally as a quality tarpaulin supplier and thus effective maintenance is required. Company is also aware about the same and taking necessary steps for its maintenance to ensure smooth and efficient functioning of the Plant and continuous Production Process. The maintenance activities carried at TTPPL are mentioned as under: Running Maintenance: At TTPPL running maintenance is practiced when the machine are actually involved and running the production process. Here it inspects all the machine and finds whether machine is processing regularly, greasing, lubrication and temperature is maintained for the effective functioning of the machine. Shut down Maintenance: At TTPPL shut down maintenance is of most important. It is carried out at each Monday as that day is a holiday. Entire maintenance activities related to all the machines is carried out on this day by the maintenance department. The detail of machine and Maintenance activities are a mentioned as under. Dye Checks Machine Set UP Quality Temperature Electrical Maintenance.( Checking of Fitting Wiring electrical Settings etc) Cooling Tower (Checking the pipes, water tank, etc)

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ABC ANALYSIS (Always Better Control)

The main objective of ABC analysis is to vary the expenses associated with maintaining appropriate control according to the potential savings associated with a appropriate of Inventory Level. It is also known as Selective Inventory Control Method. In an organization there are certain items (High Value) which are less than 10% items but the consumption value of it will be more than 75% they are known As "A" Category Items. Similarly there may be large number of items (Low Value) 75% of the items but the consumption value would be low may be above 10-15% of the total consumption value are known as "C". And the items whose share is 20-30% as well as consumption level is round the same are "B" Items. The list of ABC analysis of TECHNO TARP & POLYMERS PRIVATE Limited is as under:
PERCENTAGE VALUE OUT OF TOTAL INVENTORY 75%- 60

CATEGORY

ITEMS INCLUDED

A B C

o PLATIC GRANULES

o COLOURS o EYELETS

20 30%

o PACKAGING MATERIALS

15% 10

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GENERAL PLANT LAYOUT TTPPL.

P ark i ng

Si te Und er C onst ruc ti on F or Exp ansi on .

Ra w Ma teri al St ore Q C De pt. F i ni she d Prod uc t St ore

Ta pe E xtrus ion Dep t.

W eav in g Dep t.

Fi ni sh in g Dep t. - I

Fi ni sh in g De pt . - II R ec e pt i on S ec u ri t y C abi n G ate

A dm in i strati on Off ic e Tra nsfo rm e r Room

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INTRODUCTION TO FINANCE
The primary purpose of any business is to earn profits. To earn profit, the business has to produce goods or render services. To do either, management of business must have adequate supply of funds. It is the responsibility of the finance department to ensure the supply of the needed funds. Financial management is the application of planning and control to the finance function of a business to ensure that the funds needed are raised and used effectively for its benefits. Financial management means procurement of funds at minimum cost and its effective use in order to maximize the wealth of shareholders. Financial Analysis is the systematic numerical calculation of the relationship between one fact with the other to measure the profitability, operational efficiency solvency and the growth potential of the business. Financial analysis in the way is the purposeful and systematic presentation of financial statement. These statements are prepared regularly at the end of every accounting year. The analysis serves the interest of shareholders, debenture holders potential investors, creditors, bankers, journalists, legislators, politicians, researchers, stock exchanges, taxation, authorities and economists. Financial statements by the process of the re-managing regrouping and calculation of various ratios the analysis simplifies summaries and systematizes the monotonous figures.

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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS o The Financial Statement have been prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance worth generally accepted accounting principles and provision of Companies act 1956, consistently followed by the company. o The company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes significant items of income and expenditure. FIXED ASSESTS o Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition. o Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on straight lime method. o Depreciation on different assets at TTPPL is applicable under the following: Under Straight Line Method Assets Building Plant & Machinery Premises Electrical Installation Vehicles INVENTORIES o Stock of raw material, stores and spares and packing materials are being valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower, cost thereof is determined on First In First Out Basis (FIFO Method). o Stock of Finished Goods is valued at Market Value or Cost whichever is lower. Where as stock of Semi Finished Goods are valued at Cost. o 70 percent of cost of sale is for raw materials. They intend to protect themselves by using more imported material. Rate 3.43 4.75 1.63 4.75 9.50

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INVESTMENT o They are valued at cost FORIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTION o Transactions in foreign Currency are recorded by applying the exchange rate at the date of transaction. o Exchange Differences arising out of the above mentioned are recognized in profit and loss account. REVENUE RECOGNITION o Revenue in respect of sale of goods is recognized at the point of dispatch of goods to the customers. o Export Incentives is accounted on the Basis of Accrual Concept. INCOME TAX o It is charged as per the income tax act, under section 1961 Rate Taxable is approx. 30% INFORMATION SYSTEM o Factory accounting process is totally computerized on Tally ERP software as per factory rules and regulations.

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DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME
Particulars Retained Earnings Depreciation Interest Paid Tax Other Overheads Advertisement Selling & Dist Exp Manpower Cost Packing Material Cost Manufacturing Cost Material Cost
Rate %

3 2 2 3 1 1 4 3 2 9 70

RATIO ANALYSIS
Ratio analysis is a widely used tool of financial analysis. It is defined as a systematic use of ratios to interpret the financial statements so that the strength and Page 38

weakness of a firm as well as its historical performance and current financial condition can be determined. The following are the ratios of TTPPL for the year 2008-2009

LIQUIDITY RATIOS Current Ratio

Current Ratio, in a way, is a measure of margin of safety to the creditors. The higher is the current ratio, the larger is the amount of rupee available per rupee of current liabilities. Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities

=3.41: 1

Quick Ratio
It is a measurement of firms ability to convert its current assets quickly into cash in order to meet its current liabilities. Quick Ratio = Current Assets - Inventory / Current Liabilities

= 2.37:1
The quick ratio enables us to understand that even if the co. is not able to sell its inventories in Current year , and have to pay all its CL, the co. wont find it difficult to repay all CL as the other CA except inventory are sufficient to meet up the CL.

TURNOVER RATIOS
Inventory turnover Ratio Inventory turnover indicates the efficiency of the form in producing and selling its product. It is calculated by dividing the COGS by the average inventory. Inventory turnover Ratio = Sales or COGS/ average Inventory

= 7.5 times

Debtors turnover ratio

Debtors turnover indicates the number of times debtors turnover each year. Generally, the higher the value of debtor's turnover, the more efficient is the management of credit. Page 39

Debtors turnover ratio = sales/ average debtors

= 4.19 times

Collection Period
It measures the quality of debtors since it indicates the speed of their collection. Collection period = 360/ debtors turnover

= 360/4.19

= 85.91 Days Working capital turnover ratio

It measure net working capital gap i.e. net current assets to sales.

Working capital turnover ratio = sales / net current assets

= 1.61:1
It indicates that 1 Re of sales needs to have Rs 1.61 in its fund.

PROFITABILITY RATIOS Gross Profit Margin

The gross profit margin reflects the efficiency with which management produces each unit of product. This ratio indicates the average spread between the COGS and the sales revenue. GP ratio = G P / sales = Sales Material Cost Manufacturing Cost/Net Sales * 100

= 17.81%
There is minor change in the gross profit margins of the company as it has remained almost same as compared to the last years ratio.17.95%

Net Profit Margin

It indicates management efficiency in manufacturing, administering and selling the products. It also indicates firms capacity to withstand adverse economic condition.

P ratio = PAT / Net Sales*100 = 7.77%

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Page 41

INTRODUCTION
HRM is a management function concerned hiring, motivating and maintaining people in the organization. It focuses on people in the organization. The primary objective of the HRM is to ensure the availability of the competent and willing workforce to an organization. HRM is not a stand alone department, but rather it means to assist the organization with its primary objective.

Whereas HRD is a function more concerned with training and development, career planning and development and organization development. Therefore, HRD is a part of HRM. At TTPPL there are about 250 employees where staff includes 20 employees, operators and workers includes 180 employees while rest of the employees constitute to about 50 workers. Thus it is very important for the firm to handle its human resources efficiently through Human Resource Management. At Techno Tarp & Polymers Pvt. Ltd., the HRM activities include: HR planning Recruitment and selection Training and development [proposed] Job evaluation and Performance appraisal Personnel Department Activities.

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HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING

At Techno Tarp & Polymers Pvt. Ltd., human resource planning is done according to below mentioned Flow Charts.

Identification of deficiency of manpower

Source of supply through references

Matching the supply with the requirement

Recruiting the personnel at the particular post as per their qualifications.

Giving them targets and furnishing timely reporting to measure the standards against the actual achievements.

At, TTPPL the requirement is assessed separately for different department. Different department understands the responsibility of additional manpower requirement and is ultimately reported to HR Assistant he then reports to HR Department and the manager regarding the requirement (vacancy), Specifying the Job Analysis, Pay Scale etc then the HR Department in order to match demand by supply searches appropriate sources from the labour markets, Consultants, Newspapers and giving Advertisement on Internet on many recruitment sites.

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RECRUITMENT
The recruitment process of TTPPL is as follows: PLANNING NUMBER OF CONTACTS TYPES OF CONTACTS

MAKE / BUY

SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT External Labour Contract Consultant Agencies Factory Gate Poaching E-Recruitment Walk-ins & Write-ins Internal Promotion & Transfer Employee Reference Pre. Application Former Employees

SEARCHING

INVITING APPLICATION

EVALUATION & CONTROL

In the recruitment process of TTPPL: o Top level employees are recruited internally i.e. only through promotion. o While factory gate hiring is usually preferred for low level employees. o In case of shortage of employees for limited period Labour Contract is given.

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SELECTION PROCESS AT TTPPL

Inviting Application from Candidates

For Worker Its Direct Selection after Approval of Production Manager.

Preliminary Interview by HR Manager

Second Interview by manager of respective department

If Yes

Selection of Candidate for 6 month probation

If Yes

Appointment as permanent employee of TTPPL

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OTHER KEY HUMAN RESOURCE ACTIVITIES AT TTPPL

TRAINING: - At TTPPL workers are provided training for the period of 15 -25 days regarding the working and operation on machines. Specifically training is provided on the job and how to operate extrusion and other machines, safety measures, and the technical details as well as various guidelines are given by the company's senior production operators to in charge and other employees. PEFORMANCE APPRAISAL:- AT TTPPL, there is no performance appraisal system which evaluates the performance of the employees on the basis of Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, etc. of course the performance is evaluated on the following variables Job Knowledge. Attendance. Punctuality. Target Achievement. PROMOTION & DEMOTION: - Promotion is done on the bases of both seniority as well as performance of the employees. While demotion or separation of employees takes place if companies rules and regulations are violated, poor attendance and weak performance. ACTIVITIES OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT:Time Keeping: - It is important to avoid irregulation of staff as well as workers on the job. AT TTPPL there are 3 shifts of 8 hour each. There is weekly off on Monday. Salary, Wages & Compensation: - Salaries is finalized by the top management of the company. Method of paying is time wage system. PF, Gratuity etc. are provided at the company. Payment to staff is done by cheques and to workers by cash. It also provide yearly leaves and bonus. Employee Welfare Activities: - Company provides Subsidized Food, Tea and other snacks to its staff members. It has set up a good and eco-friendly working environment. has made compulsory for all it employee to take insurance irrespective of its line or staff, where company for the 1st year pays the premium entirely for the employee after which the premium amount is deducted from the salary.

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Organisation Chart:CMD V. K. Ojha

Local Director Mr. Hemant Pathak

General Manager Mr. L. K. Jain

Factory Manager Mr. S. B. Walunj

Commercial Manager Mr. S. K. Nair

HR Manager Mr. P. G. Patil

Quality Control Officer

Productio n Incharge

Stores In-charge

Account / Excise Officer

Office Assistance

Quality Supervis or

Production Supervisor

Account Assistance

Operator

Office Boy

Helper

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HEALTH & SAFETY POLICY

Techno Tarp & Polymers management is committed to provide Safe and Healthy working Environment with the following, o To ensure use of Personal Protective Equipments by employees at work place. o To ensure proper work environment by providing required safety facilities at work place. o To continuously impart Safety and Health awareness among all employees by Training and counseling. o To ensure upkeep of firefighting equipment, emergency doors and other safety gadgets etc. o To minimize accidents in the factory. Conducive and Safe Environment is a continuous process. "THERE IS MORE IN US THAN WE THINK; TOGETHER WE CAN REACH THE SKY. LABOUR POLICY o We will not have any employee who is below 18 years of age and can be classified as "child labour". o We will have no discrimination by gender, cast, religion, and state of origin. Appointments, promotions and evaluations will be purely on the basis of merit. o We will provide all the employees with fair chance for their personal, spiritual, and social up-liftment through internal and extraneous trainings. o We will always comply with the prevailing labour laws of the government. THERE IS MORE IN US THAN WE THINK; TOGETHER WE CAN REACH THE SKY.

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To Improve the Level of House Keeping In the Company Through ...... o Clean Work Place o Work Discipline o Easier And Safer Operations o Systematic Working By All o Greater Team Spirit And Co-Operation o Generation Of More New Ideas o Conservation Of Resources o Strict Follow-Up Of Rules And Regulations And Above All Develop More Consciousness Among Employees About Working Systems For Better Efficiency And Effectiveness. "THERE IS MORE IN US THAN WE THINK; TOGETHER WE CAN REACH THE SKY.

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Page 50

INTRODUCTION
Marketing is so basic that it cannot be considered as a separate function. Marketing has been defined in various ways. The definition that serves our purpose best is as follows: marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating, offering and exchanging products of value with others. This definition of marketing rests on the following core concepts, needs, wants & demands, products, value, cost & satisfaction, exchange and transactions, relationship and networks, markets and marketers and prospects. Marketing management is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion & distribution of ideas, good and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals. This definition recognizes that marketing management is a process involving analysis, planning, implementation and control; that it covers goods, services and ideas; that it rests on the notion of exchange, and that he goal is to produce satisfaction of the parties involved. Marketing management takes place when at least one party to a potential exchange thinks about the means of achieving the desired responses from the other parties. Marketing management has the task of influencing the level; timing and composition of demand in a way that will the organization achieve its objectives. Marketing management is essentially demand management.

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MARKETING MIX OF THE COMPANY

Marketing mix is a set of controllable marketing variables that the firm plans to produce the response it wants in the target market. Marketing mix is an optimum combination of all marketing components which facilitates realization of companys objectives. Marketing mix is a set of marketing tools that the firm uses to achieve its marketing objectives in the target market. Marketing mix is the blending of 4 inputs or sub-mixes, which form the core of marketing system. They are: o Product o Price o Promotion & o Place.

MARKETING MIX OF TTPPL

The Marketing Mix of "TECHNO TARP & POLYMERS PRIVATE LIMITED" is as mentioned below:

PRODUCT
A Product is anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a want or need. A product means the bundle, which satisfy human needs. TTPPL is major manufacturer of following products: 1. TARPAULIN 2. FIBC (Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container)(future plans) All the above mentioned products are in different varieties, features, packaging and labeling which are as under:

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o Tarpaulin from 75-500 gsm o Tarpaulin in various sizes like 4mtrs X 5mtrs; 4mtrs X 6mtrs; 4mtrs X 60mtrs etc. o An assortment of colors e.g. Silver, White, Blue, Green, Yellow, Coffee Brown, Orange etc with regular & fluorescent effect. o With and without eyelets as well as multi colour bands. o From a mesh of 7 X 7 up to a mesh of 14 X 16. o All specifications required by the various Non Government Organizations. o Multicolor Printed or Unprinted. o Fire Retardant Tarpaulins. o UV Treated Tarpaulins. Relief Supplies.....

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Other Supplies for Miscellaneous uses

:: Super Market Supplies..

The company is also manufacturing Customized FIBC (Jumbo Bags) in the following range

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U+ Two Panel Bags.

Top Skirt / Bottom Plain Bag.

Fill Spout / Discharge Spot Bag

Cross Corner Loop Bags.

:: Different FIBC Patterns

Corner Loop High Bulk Corner Loop Low Bulk

Regular Corner Loop Bag

Shirt Type Lifting

Single Loop Lifting Bag

Stevedore Loops

Stevedore Secondery Loops

Two Loop Bag

Panel Cross Corner Loops

Tunnel Or Sleev Lift Bag

PRICING DECISION

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It is the exchange value of product or services always expressed in monetary terms. Price is matter of importance both for the buyer and seller. Price is important factor in purchase decision. The seller price is the source of revenue and to buyer price is the sacrifice of purchasing power. Price is powerful marketing tool. Thus it must be used correctly from the outset therefore all marketing planners must plan an accurate pricing decision. At TTPPL, Pricing Policy is decided by the Head office by MD in consultation with Director Sales & Marketing and depending upon market condition, demand, raw material price, Competitors Price and Products and other factors. At TTPPL Price of the Pen is decided taking into Consideration the following Cost. 1. Raw Material Cost 2. Production/manufacturing Cost 3. Transportation Cost. 4. Packing 5. State Wise Price Is Decided 6. Variable & Other Cost is undertaken. 7. Other factors Considered Consumer Demand for the Product. Analyzing the Competitors Price & Product Range.

The Company has specific Price range for the different products. Thus average prices of product range of Tarpaulins demanded by its customers are as below. Prices for the International Market Rate per Sq Ft Rate per sq mtr 0.0326 0.358 0.0391 0.430 0.0521 0.574

Quality 150 gsm 180 gsm 240 gsm

PLACE (DISTRIBUTION OF THE COMPANY)

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DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL Distribution is an important function of any organization. Making the product available at right place and at right time with less cost is the key objective of any distribution management personnel. As it is 100% EOU all its product are distributed in international markets. Its main markets are: o Gulf o Africa o South East Asia o America o Europe For better distribution of product it has set up warehouse at Mumbai i.e. in Vasai and Panvel so that there is quick delivery of goods to the port for export. And for urgent and quick supply of product TTPPL has setup godowns at various cities in foreign market so that it is convenient for immediate delivery.

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PROMOTION STRATEGIES AND DECISION

Promotion plays a distinct role in marketing. It is a combined effort of salesman, advertisement and marketing channels. Promotion Mix consists of the following. Advertising Sales Promotion Personnel selling Publicity/Public Relation. ADVERTISEMENT: It is any paid form of non personal presentation and promotion of Ideas, goods or services by an identified sponsor. Advertisement can be in the form of TV Adz's, Newspaper & Magazines, Banner & Hoardings, Print Media, and Or Internet. Advertisement of Techno mainly uses Internet to promote their sales. They also give attractive banners and hoardings at various places in the international market SALES PROMOTION: Sales Promotion is also one of the elements of promotion mix. It is done to promote the sales of the product. Company uses different Schemes for their customers like providing discounts rates in case of natural calamities and for demanding in bulk quantity. Target Selling is the criteria for. PUBLICITY: There is no direct publicity in case of TTPPL. While TTPPL is a subsidiary of TECHNO RELIEF which is a global supplier for emergency relief and rehabilitation. In that case Techno Relief indirectly creates a publicity status for TTPPL.

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Company SWOT Analysis

STRENGTH OF THE COMPANY
The following are the strengths of the company: 1. Durability: HDPE Tarpaulins produced by TTPPL is oven with LDPE that increases the durability of tarpaulins. It also helps in maintaining the UV Stability of tarpaulins. 2. High Quality: As Tarpaulins are laminated with LDPE it increases the quality of tarpaulins. The colour does not fade while the strength of the tarpaulin increases. It also uses latest technology & skilled operators for production. 3. Low Cost: Due to Mass Production company is able to produce tarpaulins at low cost adding to increase in profit margin. 4. Effective Management: With the help of competent, trained and qualified employees TTPPL is able to manage its activities effectively & efficiently. 5. Low Wastage: Due to the use of latest technologies and effective management firm is able to use all its resources and make low wastages. 6. Good Customer Relation: TTPPL has good customer relations as it provides quality goods with low cost and delivering the consignment within stated duration. 7. 100% Pollution Free: TTPPL is an eco-friendly company as it does not produce any pollution in its environment.

WEAKNESS OF THE COMPANY

The following are the weakness of the company: 1. Manpower: Firm is not able to meet adequate manpower requirement due to which smooth activity is not possible. 2. Weak Brand Name: TTPPL has a weak brand name among other firms included in the industry. 3. Government rules and regulations: As TTPPL is 100% EOU it faces restrictions from govt. rules and regulations. 4. Exchange rate: In case if the rate of exchange reduces the firm may face loss from the desired returns. Page 59

OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE COMPANY

The following are the opportunities for the company 1. Arrival of New Technologies: Firm can make the use of new methods and technologies for production in future for more efficient production 2. Increase in Product Line: Firm should increase its product line of plastics. Along with HDPE Tarpaulins it can produce more diversified products of plastics so that there are various options for customers. 3. Alternate use of Products: Firm can find out other alternate uses of its product with some new innovative features to increase its demand. 4. Domestic Markets: Along with International Market it can also divert to domestic market for higher sales.

THREATS FOR THE COMPANY

The following are the threats to the company 1. New Regulations by Government: It is a threat to the company as it may cause losses in case of any restriction in manufacturing plastic products or changes in govt. policies. 2. Emergence of Substitute Products: As in future firm may develop substitute product to tarpaulins which may prove quality and cost effective it may cause loss to the firm. 3. Foreign Competitors: Foreign Competitors like China may produce product at cheaper rate and can capture various markets of TTPPL.

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CONCLUSION
Every activity has a purpose or an objective behind it. This project has helped us in gaining experience and acquiring certain knowledge about the company in practical life. Thus it can be concluded as follows: o The working environment in, Techno Tarp & Polymers Pvt Ltd is very good. o The coordination & cooperation between management and employee is quiet satisfactory. o The positive point of techno tarp & polymers is that it holds a good brand image in the International market as it is a subsidy of Techno Relief and has a good image in front of its customers as a supplier for emergency relief & rehabilitation. o It believes in maintaining good relationship with the customers & suppliers. o The tarpaulin manufactured over here is of good quality so customers are reliable about the product. o Techno Tarp & Polymers Pvt. Ltd. is effective, yet it requires a better implementation strategy to overcome any sort of future problem

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RECOMMENDATION
The following are the recommendations that would be beneficial for TTPPL while the suggestions are provided as per our survey and as per our knowledge: o TTPPL should provide discount to customers during off seasons. o In order to maintain and increase the sales in the domestic & international market the company should advertise for the product. o The price of the should be decreased to increase the sale. o The TTPPL should launch beneficial schemes to increase the sales. o In order to enhance customer satisfaction product should be innovated with better quality and uses with lower cost. o TTPPL should think of manufacturing the raw material on its own. o TTPPL should provide a customer feedback form after every 6 months for getting various suggestions about it product and taking actions on it.

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BIBLOGRAPHY

Companys Draft Prospectus www.technotarp.com www.wisegeek.com www.google.com Personnel & Human Resource Management ----------- P. Subba Rao Marketing Management ---------------- Philip Kotler

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