SPLE

Part 1

10% - Basic Biomedical

Sciences

Total: 104 Questions

Physiology
Biochemistry
Microbiology
Immunology and Immunization
Q )1 What the vaccines are safe in pregnant?
A) Influenza, Tetanus, diphtheria, whooping cough (pertussis)
(Tdap, Td) and influnza
Q)2 What’s phospholipids ?
A) Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major
component of all cell membranes.
They can form lipid bilayers because of their amphiphilic
characteristic. The structure of the phospholipid molecule
generally consists of two hydrophobic fatty acid "tails" and a
hydrophilic "head" consisting of a phosphate group. The two
components are joined together by a glycerol molecule. The
phosphate groups can be modified with simple organic
molecules such as choline, ethanolamine or serine.
Q)3 What is passive immunity ?
A) Passive immunity is the administration of antibodies to an
unimmunized person from an immune subject to provide
temporary protection against a microbial agent or toxin.
Q)4 Isotretinoin category in pregnancy?
Category X
Q)5 What is anaerobic / aerobic bacteria ?
A) Aerobic organism or aerobe is an organism that can survive
and grow in an oxygenated environment. in contrast, an
anaerobic organism (anaerobe) is any organism that does not
require oxygen for growth. Some anaerobes react negatively or
even die if oxygen is present.
Q)6 What is vaccines during Hajj?
Meningococcal meningitis MCV
Seasonal influenza
Q)7 What is medication must be stop before 1 month for woman
want to pregnant?
A) Isotretinoin
Q)8 Which of the following not essential amino acid?
A) The 9 essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine,
lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and
valine.
Q)9 Which of the following produced by mitochondria ?
A) ATP
Q)10 What is first line part of immune system against microbe?
A) Skin
Q)11 Which vaccine should be given to patient older than 65 years?
A) All patients age >= 65 years give PCV
Q)12 Births and the first vaccinations they take?
A) BCG and Hepatitis B vaccines
Q)13 What type of infection is prevented by vaccination?
A) There are plenty, and the answer depends on the options.
Q)14 Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated in
pregnancy?
A) Live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy, and
they include: MMR, MMRV, varicella, zoster, yellow fever,
intranasal influenza, rotavirus, cholera, oral typhoid, BCG, and
oral polio.
Q)15 Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated in
immunodeficiency?
A) Live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated in
immunodeficiency, and they include: MMR, MMRV,
varicella, zoster, yellow fever, intranasal influenza, rotavirus,
cholera, oral typhoid, BCG, oral polio, plaque, and epidemic
typhus.
Q)16 Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated in
immunocompromised patients?
A) Same answer of question
Q)17 Tdap vaccination is given at any trimester for a pregnant
woman?
A) Third trimester (between week 27 and 36)
Q)18 What is vitamin contraindication pregnant high dose?
A) Vitamin A starting from 15,000 iu
Q)19 Type of WBCs cause inflammation?
A) Basophils
Q)20 Hypersensitive by food called?
A) Anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity type 1
Q)21 What is polysaccharide?
A) starch and glycogen
Q)22 The bacteria of its outer membrane?
A) The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria invariably
contains a unique component, lipopolysaccharide in addition
to proteins and phospholipids
Q)23 The genetic material of HIV?
A) RNA
Q)24 When is first dose of MMR vaccine?
A) Children should get two doses of MMR vaccine, starting with
the first dose at 12 to 15 months of age, and the second dose at
4 through 6 years of age.
Q)25 The creatine release from where?
A) Synthesis primarily takes place in the kidney and liver, with
creatinine then being transported to the muscles via the blood
Q)26 What is Vaccine for Minor wound?
A) Td vaccine
Q)27 What is vaccine for Major wound?
A) Tetanus vaccine and immunoglobulin
Q)28 Which Vaccine considered Live attuned vaccine?
A) Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR combined vaccine).
Rotavirus, Smallpo, Chickenpox and Yellow fever.
Q29) What is Characteristics of chemical cholesterol?
A) A waxy substance that is present in blood plasma and in all
animal tissues. Chemically, cholesterol is an organic
compound belonging to the steroid family; its molecular
formula is c27h46o. In its pure state it is a white, crystalline
substance that is odorless and tasteless.
 It is a primary component of the membrane that surrounds
each cell, and it is the starting material or an intermediate
compound from which the body synthesizes bile acids, steroid
hormones, and vitamin d.Cholesterol is insoluble in the blood;
it must be attached to certain protein complexes called
lipoproteins in order to be transported through the
bloodstream. Cholesterol is a waxy substance that's found in
all of your cells and has several useful functions, including
helping to build your body's cells. It's carried through your
bloodstream attached to proteins. These proteins are called
lipoproteins.
Q)30 What is principle of human cell membrane?
A) The cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates the
interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell
membrane is selectively-permeable to ions and organic
molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out
of cells. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded
proteins.
Q)31 Where is synthesis HDL?
A) Synthesized and secreted by the liver and small intestine.
Q)32 Which is the following is fatty acid?
Fatty acids are long-chain hydrocarbons. More than 20 types
of fatty acids are found in foods;
Some of these are :
Saturated (Palmitic acid, Stearic acid)
Monounsaturated (Oleic acid)
Polyunsaturated (Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, Arachidonic
acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Docosahexaenoic acid)
Sources of fatty acids include fruits, vegetable oils, seeds,
nuts, animal fats, and fish oils.
Essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 fatty acids, serve
important cellular functions.
Q)33 Which is one of the IGs is responsible of hypersensitivity?
A) Type I – Immediate in onset and caused by immunoglobulin
(Ig)E-mediated activation of mast cells and basophils
Q)34 Which is the following leucocyte produce antibodies?
A) The B cells produce antibodies that are used to attack invading
bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
Q)35 What is rout of administration vit k in newborns?
A) Intramuscular (IM) administration of vitamin K1 to prevent
vitamin K deficient bleeding (VKDB)
Q)36 Which vit(B) related to peripheral neuropathy?
A) Vitamin B12
Q)37 Which Vaccine Not Use If Pat Has Allergy From Egg?
A) MMR
Q)38 Definition of hapten?
A) A small separable part of an antigen that reacts specifically
with an antibody but is incapable of stimulating antibody
production except in combination with a carrier protein
molecule
Q)39 Definition of Heptane?
A) C7H16 a colorless liquid hydrocarbon of the alkane series,
obtained from petroleum.
Q)40 What is name of synthesis glucose from fat?
A) Gluconeogenesis
Q)41 Method Corona virus transmission?
A) Infected person respiratory secretions like coughing
(By the air)
Q)42 What is hydrophobic?
A) Hydrophobic means resistant to water.
Hydrophobic molecules only dissolve in oil-based substances.
Hydrophobic molecules are suitable for passive diffusion in
cellular activities.
Hydrophobic molecules are non-polar.
Q)43 What is hydrophilic?
A) Hydrophilic means water loving
Hydrophilic molecules get absorbed or dissolved in water
Hydrophilic molecules require facilitated diffusion
Hydrophilic molecules are polar and ionic
Q)44 Vitamin deficiency causes stomatitis?
A) Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), B3, B6, B9, B12
Q)45 What is vaccine as oral use?
A) Rotavirus vaccine
OPV
Q)46 Amino acid common source?
A) Plant, animal, seafood
Q)47 What does MMR refer to?
A) Measles, mumps, rubella
Q)48 What is the type of IG has longest half-life?
A) IGg 23days
Q)49 What is first IG antibody appear?
A) IGm
Q)50 Viral structure contains?
All viruses contain the following two components: 1) a nucleic
acid genome and 2) a protein capsid that covers the genome.
Together this is called the nucleocapsid. In addition, many
animal viruses contain a 3) lipid envelope. The entire intact
virus is called the virion.
Q)51 How can active TB be treated?
The most common medications used to treat tuberculosis
include: Isoniazid
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
Ethambutol (Myambutol)
Pyrazinamide
Q)52 Vaccine During First 12 Hour of Birth?
Hepatitis B
The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for
Disease Control (CDC) recommend that all newborns get the
 first hepb shot before leaving the hospital. If the mother has
HBV, her baby should also get a HBIG shot within 12 hours of
birth. The second hepb shot should be given one to two
months after birth.
Q)53 Which Ig In Salvia And GITY?
A) Ig A
Q)54 Which Ig In Asthma?
A) Ig E
Q)55 Which Amino Acid Conjugation In Liver?
A) Glycine or Taurine
Q)56 What Is Other Name Of Vitamin K?
A) phytonadione
Q)57 What Is Vitamin Affect Lipid Absorption?
A) A, D, E, K (Fat soluble)
Q)58 What Is Amino Acid Presents In Hair And Nail?
A) There are over 20 different amino acids, but there are four
amino acids that are considered the best when it comes to
producing keratin: Cysteine, Lysine, Arginine and Methionine.
MALC
Q)59 Which Vaccine Is Indicated for All Adult?
Seasonal influenza (flu) for all adults.
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough) for all
adult While, the others not for all adults,
Shingles for healthy adults age 50 years and older
Pneumococcal for adults age 65 years and older and adults
with risk conditions
Hepatitis B for adults who have diabetes or are at risk
Other vaccinations you may need include those that protect
against HPV (human papillomavirus, which can cause certain
cancers), hepatitis A, meningococcal disease, chickenpox
(varicella), and measles, mumps, and rubella.
Q)60 What Is Structure Of DNA?
A) ( Double Helix , Deoxyribonucleic Acid )
Q)61 What Is Apoptosis?
A) The process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is
generally characterized by distinct morphological
characteristics and energy-dependent biochemical
mechanisms.
Q)62 What Is The Content Of Plasmid?
A) plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA naturally found in
many types of bacteria. Sometimes referred to as vectors,
constructs, or clones, plasmids can be replicated independently
from the bacterial genome and often encode
genes that give bacteria specific Traits
Q)63 What Is Characteristic Of Fungi?
A) Eukaryotic
Q)64 What Is Facultative Aerobic?
A) an organism that is able to grow under anaerobic conditions
but that develops most rapidly in an aerobic environment.
Q)65 Pyridine chemical structure?
A)

Q)66 Correct statement about hepatitis B vaccine and

immunoglobulin?
A) If you want to use them administer at different body site
Q)67 Where Is to Find the T Lymph.?
A) Intracellular, while B lymphocytes are circulating in blood
Q)68 Attenuated Mean?
A) Weakened but still live/viable (attenuated pathogen is given as
Attenuated vaccines) not inactivated vaccines
Q)69 Which Vaccine In Diabetic Foot?
A) Tdap vaccine
Q)70 What Is The Indication Of Epinephrine?
A) First line in anaphylactic shock and cardiac arrest
Q)71 Name Of Bacteria Responsible For The Productions Of Milk?
A) Lactococcus lactis
Q)72 Causative Pathogen of Diphtheria?
A) Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacterium
Q)73 What is the Antibody that having longest half live ?
A) IgG
Q)74 AUG is………….codon
A. Stop
B. Non sense
C. Termination
D. Start
Q)75 The language that relates a series of nucleotide to
amino acids is called…………..
A. Codon
B. Anticodon
C. Genetic code
D. Triplet language
Q)76 Which of the followings IS NOT a stop codon?
A. UAA
B. UAG
C. ACC
D. UGA
Q)77 The term

is……………..
A. Free energy of product
B. Activation energy
C. Transition state
D. Free energy of reactant
Q)78 Enzymes are………….
A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Protein
D. Nucleic acids
Q)79 The letter A represents…………
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Activation
Q)80 The process of translation is divided into
…………..separate steps
A. 4
B. 3
C. 5
D. 2

Q)81 The number of common amino acids is……………

A. 15
B. 30
C. 20
D. 25
Q)82 Which of the following is responsible for the acid-fast staining
characteristic of mycobacteria?
(A) The peptidoglycan
(B) The polysaccharide capsule
(C) The cytoplasmic membrane
(D) The cell wall mycolic acid
(E) The cell wall lipoteichoic acid

Q)83 Which class of antibody has the longest serum half-life and
opsonizes antigens for phagocytosis through two different
pathways?
(A) Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
(B) Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
(C) Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
(D) Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
(E) Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
Q)84 Urticaria that appears rapidly after the ingestion of food
usually indicates which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
(A) Type I
(B) Type II
(C) Type III
(D) Type IV

Q)85 The mechanism of pathogenesis for which of the following

autoimmune disorders is due to widely distributed immune
complexes?
(A) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
(B) Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
(C) Graves disease
(D) Hashimoto thyroiditis
(E) Multiple sclerosis

Q)86 A patient receives long-term, high-dose therapy with

penicillin. After approximately 2 weeks of therapy, the patient
has a low-grade fever, rash, and muscle and joint pain. Which
type of hypersensitivity accounts for these symptoms?
(A) Type I
(B) Type II
(C) Type III
(D) Type IV
(E) This is unlikely to be due to a hypersensitivity

Q)87 In antiviral immunity, what directly recognizes and kills viral-

infected cells?
(A) Complement
(B) Antiviral antibodies
(C) Interferons
(D) Eosinophils
(E) Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs)
Q)88 A patient currently taking methyldopa develops hemolytic
anemia, which resolves shortly after the drug is withdrawn.
The most probable explanation is that the patient was
experiencing?
(A) an atopic hypersensitivity.
(B) a type II hypersensitivity.
(C) immune complex hypersensitivity.
(D) cell-mediated hypersensitivity.
(E) a type IV hypersensitivity.

Q)89 For a patient who was experiencing a type I hypersensitivity,

including difficulty breathing and loss of consciousness, which
of the following would be the most appropriate medical
intervention?
(A) injection of epinephrine
(B) injection of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(C) injection of antihistamines
(D) injection of corticosteroids
(E) administer an oral H2-receptor inhibitor

Q)90 Of the following features, which is unique to Gram-positive

bacteria?
(A) Cytoplasmic membrane
(B) Endotoxin
(C) Outer membrane
(D) Peptidoglycan
(E) Spore formation
Q)91 Pepsin is……………..class of enzymes?
Ligase
Oxidoreductase
Transferase
Hydrolase
Q)92 Most species of bacteria also contain small, circular,
extrachromosomal DNA molecules called……………..
A. Histone
B. Nucleoid
C. Prolamine
D. Plasmid
Q)93 What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) Oxytocin
Vasopressin
Q)94 What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary gland?
A) Anterior pituitary
• Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• Luteinising hormone (LH)
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Prolactin (PRL)
• Growth hormone (GH)
• Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Q)95 The parasympathetic nervous system is Sometimes called?
A) The rest and digest system
Q)96 What is the sympathetic nervous system function?
A) The sympathetic nervous system's primary process is to
stimulate the body's fight-flight-or-freeze response.
Q)97 What are the two divisions of the central nervous system?
A) The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system
(CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Q)97 What is ADH?
A) ADH stands for antidiuretic hormone, which is also known as
vasopressin,
Q)98 What is creatinine clearance test used for?
A) To help detect and diagnose kidney dysfunction.
Q)99 What is the Equation used to estimate creatinine clearance?
A) Cockcroft-Gault Formula
Q)100 Write to equation of CrCl
A) Cockcroft-Gault
CrCl = [(140-age) x (Wt in kg) x (0.85 if female)] / (72 x Cr)
(multiply by 0.85 for women)
Q)101 What is the role of histamine?
A) Histamine, which is secreted mainly by mast cells. Plays a
pivotal role in many types of allergic and inflammatory
processes, including both acute and delayed hypersensitivity
reactions.
Q)102 The creatine release from where?
A) Synthesis primarily takes place in the kidney and liver, with
creatinine then being transported to the muscles via the blood
Q)103 Lifelong immunity?
A A-Immunoglobulin B- Attenuated vaccine
C-Polysaccharide D-Polysaccharide conjugate
Q)104 What is the main hormone that responsible about labor
contractions
A) Oxytocin Hormone