Bioconcrete

Bio-Concrete
Work By-
Moeesha Kenkre
Aakanksha Nikam
Manasi Mahajan
Trinetra Patil
Sushruta Das
Introduction
✓Crack formation is a typical phenomenon related to durability.
✓Percolation of cracks may lead to leakage problems, causing

deterioration of the concrete matrix or corrosion of embedded
steel reinforcement.
✓ In recent years a bacteria-based self-healing concrete is being

developed in order to extend the service life.
✓A two component healing agent is added to the concrete mixture.
✓The agent consists of bacteria and an organic mineral precursor compound.

What is Bio Concrete
✓its is a special type of concrete invented by a group of
microbiology researchers under the head of Henk Jonkers.
✓ Bio concrete is also called as BACTERIAL CONCRETE or self

healing concrete.
✔Its specially made to increase the lifespan or the durability of

concrete structure by the self healing action of that concrete.
There are two thing present in bio concrete.
1) The special bacteria that has to resist the alkalinity and the
mechanical stress of concrete.
2) The chemical precursor to activate the bacteria.

Applications
Application of self-healing additives in large scale laboratory and in-situ tests
Bacterial self-healing concrete targets crack healing and the recovery of
water-tightness.
Increasing the concrete durability :

A study for the assessment of durability improvement in several high strength
bacterial structural concrete grades by using different type of acid. biological concrete
when compared to the ordinary Portland cement without microorganism has lost less
weight and strength.
Increasing the concrete strength :

The use of aerobic microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus
pasteurii), as self-healing agents have shown 18% improvement in the compressive
strength of cement mortar. the use of bacteria for enhancing the durability of concrete
as to show resistance towards the alkali, freeze-thaw attack, sulfate, drying and
shrinkage.
Increasing of concrete permeability :
The common phenomenon observed in concrete structure is the formation of
crack. The resulting micro crack formation hardly affects the structural properties of
construction but in due course it may reduce the durability of concrete structure
and may pose a threat due to the risk of ingress of aggressive substances particularly in
a wet environment.
Ability of biological concrete for recycling :

Waste concrete aggregates (WCA) are used to prevent erosion as a ground-filling
material and protective barrier. However, for using it in large-scale projects like making
runways and rebuilding roads, the expenditure required for the removal of debris
can be reduced with the use of WCA.
Characteristics:
Biocement can also be used to reduce the water conductivity of sand through
bioclogging
For constructing Concrete floors,
For high rise Water
underground Tunnel linings,
building and retaining
retainers for basement
buildings in structures
hazardous waste walls
What bacteria is used ?
Most of the bacteria belongs to genus bacillus are fulfilling the required criteria discussed
above. some of the list of bacteria are :
B. Pseudofirmus B. Pasteurii
B. Cohnii 8. Filla etc…
>The suitable chemical precursor found to be most suitable is "calcium lactate"

Ca(C₂H₂O₂)₂
What is Happening Inside Bio Concrete
( Mechanism )
➔ The cracks are formed on the surface of concrete due to
many reasons like shrinkage, Inadequate water for
hydration ...ect,
➔ The water is deliberately forced into the crack and the

precursor is activated.
Ca(C₂H₂O₂)₂ +70₂ → CaCO, + 5CO₂ + 5H₂0O
CO, + Ca(OH), > CaCO,+H,O
(carbonation)
➔ The activated precursor intern induces the bacteria to react

with that precursor and form a base of calcium carbonate
called as limestone, the chemical equation is given above.
Healing Progression
There are two thing present in bio concrete.
1) The special bacteria that has to resist the alkalinity and the
mechanical stress of concrete.
2) The chemical precursor to activate the bacteria.

HEALING PROGRESSION
The healing property of the concrete is obtained by the formation

of lime crystals due to the mineral precipitation of bacteria in the
concrete. When cracks occur, they are in direct contact with the
atmosphere. Water enters the cracks during rainy season and the
bacterium starts germinating inside the concrete by absorbing
the feedie, calcium lactate reacts with the atmospheric
carbondioxidetoformcrystalsoflime.
This impermeablelayer of lime covers the cracks and fills them to

prevent further deterioration of the concrete.
Evaluation
The Concrete properties should not be negatively affected by addition of a healing
agent to the concrete mixture.
• a large amount of bacteria and certain mineral precurso compounds like calcium
lactate do substantially influence concrete compressive and
tensile strength.
• when the healing agent is added, Optimization of healing agent is necessary so

that it wont affect the characteristics of concrete.
Limitations
➔ During a study it was found that no strong spores were detected in a

135 days old specimen, implying the majority of the spores in the
cured cement mixture were available for less than 4 months.
➔ The bio concrete is very expensive and is about double cost of

conventional concrete. However if the lifespan of structure can be
increased upto 30% it will automatically bring down its cost in the
longer term
Conclusion
Addition of bacteria shows increase incompressive strength, flexural strength and split
tensile strength with respect to conventional concrete.
The use of bacteria in concrete enhances the strength of the concrete hence using this
bacterium for self-healing mechanisms also the study accomplishes that the use of
bacteria (Bacillus Subtilis) in concrete enhances its strength and durability hence using
this type of bacteria for self-healing mechanism in concrete can produce cost effective
strong or durable structures
The bacteria produced from laboratory are proved to be safe and economical and it is
mixed with the self-healing property is successfully achieved by using bacteria.

Bioconcrete

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Bio-Concrete

✓Percolation of cracks may lead to leakage problems, causing

✓ In recent years a bacteria-based self-healing concrete is being

✓A two component healing agent is added to the concrete mixture.

✓The agent consists of bacteria and an organic mineral precursor compound.

✓ Bio concrete is also called as BACTERIAL CONCRETE or self

✔Its specially made to increase the lifespan or the durability of

There are two thing present in bio concrete.

2) The chemical precursor to activate the bacteria.

Increasing the concrete durability :

Increasing the concrete strength :

Ability of biological concrete for recycling :

>The suitable chemical precursor found to be most suitable is "calcium lactate"

➔ The water is deliberately forced into the crack and the

Ca(C₂H₂O₂)₂ +70₂ → CaCO, + 5CO₂ + 5H₂0O

CO, + Ca(OH), > CaCO,+H,O

➔ The activated precursor intern induces the bacteria to react

2) The chemical precursor to activate the bacteria.

The healing property of the concrete is obtained by the formation

This impermeablelayer of lime covers the cracks and ﬁlls them to

• when the healing agent is added, Optimization of healing agent is necessary so

➔ During a study it was found that no strong spores were detected in a

➔ The bio concrete is very expensive and is about double cost of

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